Biology 1:3-1

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All organisms are made up of one or more _____________.

cells

________________ cells have no nucleus.

prokaryotic

cell without a nucleus that is found in single-celled organisms

prokaryotic cell

organelle inside all cells where proteins are made

ribosome

Organelle where proteins are made

ribosomes

Proteins are made on the ____________.

ribosomes

The first microscopes were invented around

1665

_________ is the genetic instructions that cells need to make proteins.

DNA

The first person to use the word "cell"

Hooke

This scientist discovered human blood cells

Leeuwenhoek

Robert Hooke first observed cells, where did he observe these cells.

a piece of cork

The cell theory states that

all organisms are made of cells, all cells come from existing cells, all life functions occur within cells

The spikes on pollen grains probably

allow the pollen grains to stick to insects

A ________________ is a typical prokaryotic cell.

bacteria

Leeuwenhoek discovered _________ by looking at the plaque from his own teeth.

bacteria

The material inside the plasma membrane of a cell.

cytoplasm

all of the material inside the plasma membrane of a cell (excluding organelles)

cytoplasm

All cells have certain parts in common, including a plasma membrane, __________________ , ___________________ , and DNA

cytoplasm, ribosomes

organism that has cells containing a nucleus and other organelles

eukaryote

Organism that has cells containing a nucleus and other organelles.

eukaryotic

cell that contains a nucleus and other organelles

eukaryotic cell

A major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that

eukaryotic have a nucleus

______________ cells are usually larger than __________________ cells.

eukaryotic, prokaryotic

A virus is very similar to a prokaryotic cell.

false

Cells were first observed in a sample of pond water.

false

Early microscopes created by Leeuwenhoek were very weak compared to todays light microscopes.

false

Most cells are about the size of the period at the end of this sentence.

false

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

false

The larger a cell is the more efficient it is.

false

Viruses are living organisms.

false

A cell's shape is generally related to the cell's______________.

function

Organelles in prokaryotic cells include the

no organelles in a prokaryotic cell

An organelle inside a eukaryotic cell where the DNA is located

nucleus

In a eukaryotic cell, DNA is found in the _____________.

nucleus

organelle inside eukaryotic cells that contains most of the cell's DNA and acts as the control center of the cell

nucleus

A structure within the cytoplasm of a cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job.

organelle

structure within the cytoplasm of a cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job

organelle

The plasma membrane is a bilayer of _______________ that surrounds a cell.

phospholipids

This is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and makes up the "skin" of the cell.

plasma membrane

thin coat of lipids (phospholipids) that surrounds and encloses a cell

plasma membrane

All cells have the following parts in common

plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA

A cell without a nucleus.

prokaryote

single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus

prokaryote

Cell size is limited by

the cells ability to rid itself of waste

All cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.

true

All organisms are made of at least one cell.

true

Compared to prokaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

true

DNA is located in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells.

true

Organelles are found within the cytoplasm.

true

Proteins are made on ribosomes.

true

The plasma membrane forms the boundary between the cell's internal and external environment.

true

tiny, nonliving particle that contains DNA but lacks other characteristics of living cells

virus

____________ contain DNA, but no cytoplasm or ribosomes.

viruses

tiny non-living particles that may cause disease

viruses


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