Biology 2 Chapter 5

structure, function

All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane that is similar in ______________ and ______________

hypotonic

An animal cell placed in a(n) ________________ solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst

passive transport

Diffusion across a biological membrane is called?

cholesterol molecules

Fluidity of an animal cell plasma is enhanced by ___________________ ________________

carrier proteins

How do fatty acids travel through a cell membrane?

phagocytosis

If white blood cells eat bacterium, what action is this?

sodium

If you have an oxygen, carbon dioxide, butane, and sodium atom, which would have the most trouble crossing the membrane?

active transport

In _____________ __________________ molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient

lyse

In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will?

higher, lower

In the process of osmosis, water displays a net movement from an area of _____________ water concentration to an area of _______________ water concentration

hydrophobic

Lipids are _________________

will thrive

Plants in a hypotonic environment

coded pits

Receptor mediated endocytosis relies on?

diverse proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of

isotonic

The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is a(n) ________________ solution

toward

The lipids of the cell membrane are arranged so that the nonpolar parts of the two lipids point _________________ each other

endocytosis

The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell

true

True or False: Because membranes are fluid, membrane proteins and phospholipids can drift about in the membrane

true

True or False: Each person has a unique set of carbohydrate chains attached to his or her plasma membranes

true

True or False: Enzymes function based on their 3D shape?

false

True or False: Membrane proteins produce phospholipids

proteins

What helps things get through semi-permeable membranes?

proteins

What is the primary component of membranes that gives membranes cell-specific properties?

active transport

What process do we use to get more sodium on one side than the other?

select permeability

allows some materials in and keeps others out

facilitated diffusion

A molecule moves down its concentration gradient using a transport protein in the plasma membrane

proteins

Most of the functions of the cell membrane, including transport and ezymatic function, are performed by?

too close

The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes helps to keep phospholipids from being ___________ ___________ to each other

false

True or False: Membranes include a mosaic, or mix, of carbohydrates embedded in the phospholipid bilayer

false

True or False: Plasma membrane is the control center of the cell

true

True or False: The different membrane-enclosed spaces of the eukaryotic cell allows for different parts of the cell to perform specific formations

true

True or False: The diverse proteins found in and attached to membranes perform many important functions

true

True or False: The framework of a membrane is a bilayer of phospholipids with their hydrophilic heads facing the aqueous environment inside and outside the cell and their hydrophobic tails cluster in the center

false

True or False: The kinky tails of some proteins help keep the membrane fluid by preventing the component molecules from packing solidly together

false

True or False: The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell

isotonic

Type of environment good for animals

hypertonic

Type of environment were water leaves the cell, and is bad for both plants and animals

hypotonic

Type of environment where water is brought in to the cell and is needed by plants

passive transport

Type pf transport that doesn't require energy

urinates regularly

When aquaporins are defected, they cannot regulate water and what happens to the organism?

spontaneously

When considering the formation of cell membranes, they form ____________________ in aqueous environments

more, less

When molecules move down the concentration gradient, they move from where they are __________ concentrated to where they are ___________ concentrated

remain standing upright

When placed in a hypotonic environment, where the solute concentration is below that of the cell, a houseplant will?

self-assembly into a simple membrane

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

oxygen and carbon dioxide

Which molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane?

membrane

______________ phospholipids are able to drift about in the plasma membrane

passive

______________ transport requires no energy

cholesterol

________________ helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane

enzymes

_____________________ lower activation energy