Biology 2 Chapter 5
structure, function
All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane that is similar in ______________ and ______________
hypotonic
An animal cell placed in a(n) ________________ solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst
passive transport
Diffusion across a biological membrane is called?
cholesterol molecules
Fluidity of an animal cell plasma is enhanced by ___________________ ________________
carrier proteins
How do fatty acids travel through a cell membrane?
phagocytosis
If white blood cells eat bacterium, what action is this?
sodium
If you have an oxygen, carbon dioxide, butane, and sodium atom, which would have the most trouble crossing the membrane?
active transport
In _____________ __________________ molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient
lyse
In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will?
higher, lower
In the process of osmosis, water displays a net movement from an area of _____________ water concentration to an area of _______________ water concentration
hydrophobic
Lipids are _________________
will thrive
Plants in a hypotonic environment
coded pits
Receptor mediated endocytosis relies on?
diverse proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of
isotonic
The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is a(n) ________________ solution
toward
The lipids of the cell membrane are arranged so that the nonpolar parts of the two lipids point _________________ each other
endocytosis
The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell
true
True or False: Because membranes are fluid, membrane proteins and phospholipids can drift about in the membrane
true
True or False: Each person has a unique set of carbohydrate chains attached to his or her plasma membranes
true
True or False: Enzymes function based on their 3D shape?
false
True or False: Membrane proteins produce phospholipids
proteins
What helps things get through semi-permeable membranes?
proteins
What is the primary component of membranes that gives membranes cell-specific properties?
active transport
What process do we use to get more sodium on one side than the other?
select permeability
allows some materials in and keeps others out
facilitated diffusion
A molecule moves down its concentration gradient using a transport protein in the plasma membrane
proteins
Most of the functions of the cell membrane, including transport and ezymatic function, are performed by?
too close
The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes helps to keep phospholipids from being ___________ ___________ to each other
false
True or False: Membranes include a mosaic, or mix, of carbohydrates embedded in the phospholipid bilayer
false
True or False: Plasma membrane is the control center of the cell
true
True or False: The different membrane-enclosed spaces of the eukaryotic cell allows for different parts of the cell to perform specific formations
true
True or False: The diverse proteins found in and attached to membranes perform many important functions
true
True or False: The framework of a membrane is a bilayer of phospholipids with their hydrophilic heads facing the aqueous environment inside and outside the cell and their hydrophobic tails cluster in the center
false
True or False: The kinky tails of some proteins help keep the membrane fluid by preventing the component molecules from packing solidly together
false
True or False: The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell
isotonic
Type of environment good for animals
hypertonic
Type of environment were water leaves the cell, and is bad for both plants and animals
hypotonic
Type of environment where water is brought in to the cell and is needed by plants
passive transport
Type pf transport that doesn't require energy
urinates regularly
When aquaporins are defected, they cannot regulate water and what happens to the organism?
spontaneously
When considering the formation of cell membranes, they form ____________________ in aqueous environments
more, less
When molecules move down the concentration gradient, they move from where they are __________ concentrated to where they are ___________ concentrated
remain standing upright
When placed in a hypotonic environment, where the solute concentration is below that of the cell, a houseplant will?
self-assembly into a simple membrane
Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?
oxygen and carbon dioxide
Which molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane?
membrane
______________ phospholipids are able to drift about in the plasma membrane
passive
______________ transport requires no energy
cholesterol
________________ helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane
enzymes
_____________________ lower activation energy
