Biology A: Preparing for Test Unit 3

The division of the nucleus in reproductive cells is called: meiosis cytokinesis Krebs Cycle mitosis

meiosis

transports proteins, nucleic acids

pinocytosis

store foods or pigments

plastids

organisms at this level are either unicellular or colonial

cellular level

spindle production for cell division

centrioles

contain genes for traits

chromosomes

transportation routes in cell

endoplasmic reticulum

tubes serving as transportation channels

endoplasmic reticulum

molecules helped by protein, move from high to low concentration

facilitated diffusion

When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution: it will gain water and may burst it will lose water and shrink it will remain the same size how the cell will react cannot be determined

it will gain water and may burst

Ribosomal RNA is produced by: lysosomes nucleoli mitochondria Golgi bodies

nucleoli

Click on the pieces of the chemical reaction to show what occurs within the mitochondrion.

C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + energy

A water solution that has the same salt concentration as the cells is said to be _____. isotonic hypotonic hypertonic

isotonic

The creationist and evolutionist are in agreement on all of the following items except: cell complexity the role of certain organelles in cell chemistry the ability of matter to be self organizing the levels of organization of complex organisms

the ability of matter to be self organizing

plant cell

cell wall

Match the following: cellulose: phospholipid and protein: gives strength to cell: selective membrane:

cell wall plasma membrane cell wall plasma membrane

Robert Hooke was the first to use the term ____________________ to describe tiny compartments in the cork.

cells

Name the five transport mechanisms of the cell:

facilitated diffusion passive diffusion active transport pinocytosis phagocytosis

Fifth

coverslip

two eyepieces

binocular

passive diffusion

cellular respiration

cells working together to perform a particular task

tissue

each cell possesses a life of its own

cell theory

all cellular material outside the nucleus

cytoplasm

work being divided up into specialized tasks

division of labor

magnifies using streams of electrons

electron microscope

Which level of organization is represented by a bone in our body? tissue cellular organ system

tissue

production of protein

ribosome

transports sodium, potassium

active transport

an outer covering of cells

epidermis

Ribosomal RNA is produced in the cytoplasm. True or False

False

An erothrocyte contains a red pigment called ____________________, which allows this cell to carry oxygen to the other cells of the body.

hemoglobin

small structure(s) within nucleus

nucleolus

An "organism" is considered the highest level of organization of cells, yet it is also found at the lowest level of cellular organization. True or False

True

The energy molecule "ATP" is a product of the reactant _____________________.

adenosine diphosphate

lens found in the eyepiece

ocular lens

magnifies an object using light and lenses

optical microscope

cell engulfs particles in cell "eating"

phagocytosis

Which statements describe organisms referred to as "colonial"? a multicellular organism similar bacteria or protozoa which group together tissue a group of multiple specialized cells

similar bacteria or protozoa which group together

It would appear logical that the first cell could have started to function from one organelle having formed by accident. True or False

False

produce and package secretions

Golgi bodies

Some organisms consist of just one cell. True or False

True

The cell theory teaches that: the basic unit of life is the organism the basic unit of life is the cell all cells have the same basic structure cells are miniature reflections of the organisms from which they are taken

the basic unit of life is the cell

The plasma membrane is made up of: a double layer of cellulose a single layer of cellulose a double layer of protein a double layer of phospholipids

a double layer of phospholipids

production of ribosomes

nucleolus

large storage structures

vacuole

______________ was/were the first to carefully document observations of blood cells, sperm cells, and other microorganisms. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

When the cell concentrates potassium within, against the natural tendency of matter, it is performing: passive diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport pinocytosis

active transport

form fibers to separate chromosomes evenly

centrioles

phagocytosis

ingestion

The energy required for the mechanism of "active transport" comes from: the reactants which yield ATP the product of ATP decomposition photosynthesis cytokinesis

the product of ATP decomposition

The relative concentration of water in a hypotonic solution is _____. high low equal stable

high

the limiting of the function of a cell to a specific function

specialization

When is facilitated diffusion necessary? when the molecules are too large when the molecules are insoluble when the direction of movement is opposite to natural diffusion none of the above

when the molecules are insoluble

The fibrous outer covering surrounding plant cells is the: epidermis cell wall plasma membrane cytoplasm

cell wall

The Bible states that man was created in the _______________________ of God, and therefore is far more than just the collection of cells that make up his body.

mind

The animal cell does not have any of the following structures except: cell wall very large vacuole chloroplast mitochondrion

mitochondrion

production of needed energy

mitochondrion

The spherical object within a cell which controls its activity is called the _____. vacuole cytoplasm nucleus epidermis

nucleus

control center of the cell

nucleus

A gene is a subunit of information within a chromosome. True or False

True

a very, long contracting cell

muscle fiber

One difference between human cheek cells and onion cells is: the presence of cytoplasm the absence of a nucleus in the plant cells the absence of a cell wall in human cells none of the above

the absence of a cell wall in human cells

Glycolysis is a body process which involves: the passage of water through a semipermeable membrane the division of the nucleus of a body cell the maintenance of a constant body environment the initial breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid

the initial breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid

Why do O2 and CO2 pass through the plasma membrane? they are nonpolar and soluble they are facilitated by protein they are "pumped" through they undergo pinocytosis

they are nonpolar and soluble

The function of a neuron is to: protect our bodies from disease contract to give us control of our muscles transmit nerve impulses within the nervous system bring oxygen to the tissues of our bodies

transmit nerve impulses within the nervous system

(Select all that apply.)Choose from the list which cells are specialized. white blood cells muscle cells nerve cells amoeba bone cells

white blood cells muscle cells nerve cells bone cells

Very little has changed in the structure of light microscopes since the 1840's, when an American, _____, was able to significantly improve the quality of the magnified images with his microscopes. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Charles Spencer Max Knott

Charles Spencer

production of secretions

Golgi bodies

_____, sixteenth century eyeglass maker(s), experimented with glass lenses and a tube and found that objects could be magnified greatly. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska

Hans and Zaccharias Janssen

The electron microscope was invented in Germany during the 1930's by _____. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska

Max Knott and Ernst Ruska

Life cannot be completely defined by the physical sciences. True or False

True

The Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life, while the Organismal Theory states that the organism is the basic unit of life. True or False

True

Once the specimen is in focus on a microscope, the amount of light reaching the specimen can be changed by using the: diaphragm fine adjustment rotating nosepiece eyepiece

diaphragm

food vacuoles and lysosome

digestion

Match the following: no cell wall, only plasma membrane: no large vacuole, only small ones: no chlorophyll or chloroplasts: cell plate and no centrioles in cell division: cleavage furrow plus centrioles in cell division: presence of cell wall plus plasma membrane: large hypertonic vacuole: chloroplasts and plastids:

animal cell animal cell animal cell plant cell animal cell plant cell plant cell plant cell

ATP is a compound produced by the body to: break down proteins attack materials foreign to the body carry oxygen to the cells of the body be used as a source of energy when needed for a reaction

be used as a source of energy when needed for a reaction

Second

body tube

outer covering around plant cell made of fibrous material

cell wall

What level of organization are the colonial protozoans an example of? specialized multicellular organism tissue cellular organ

cellular

The cellular material outside the nucleus is called the _____. vacuole cell wall epidermis cytoplasm

cytoplasm

All the organelles within a cell are interrelated and _____________________.

dependent on one another

A solution with a salt concentration higher than the salt concentration within the cell is called _______________________.

hypertonic

contain digestive enzymes

lysosomes

Galileo used __________________ to examine the principles of lenses, thus improving on previous attempts at magnification.

mathematics

Organelles that produce energy for the cell and ultimately the body are called _____. golgi bodies endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria ribosomes

mitochondria

single body tube

monocular

Schleiden and Schwann believed that: organisms were the basic unit of life both cells and organisms were basic units of life the questions of the basic unit of life were too abstract to answer none of the above

none of the above

ribosome production

nucleolus

Fourth

objective lens

magnifying lens closest to the specimen

objective lens

First

ocular lens

functional plant or animal

organism

a functioning organism represents life

organismal theory

When water moves freely from a membrane containing a higher concentration to a lower concentration, the diffusion is called _____. diffusion osmosis active transport passive transport

osmosis

The Bible teaches that: life is a property of matter God made our spirits and formed our body around them matter evolved, but our spirits were created our bodies were created, then had life breathed into them

our bodies were created, then had life breathed into them

transports oxygen, carbon dioxide

passive diffusion

controls what comes into and goes out of the cell

plasma membrane

The plasma membrane is made chemically of a molecule that has both polar and nonpolar ends and contains _____ inside its structure. carbohydrates fats proteins

proteins

Glycolysis ends in the production of: carbon dioxide glycogen pyruvic acid enzymes

pyruvic acid

ability to tell two points apart

resolving power

Third

revolving nosepiece

The _____ are responsible for linking amino acids together. lysosomes chromosomes nucleoulus ribosomes

ribosomes

The plasma membrane allows some molecular species to enter and excludes others. It is therefore referred to as a(n)___________________ membrane

semipermeable