Biology A: Preparing for Test Unit 3
The division of the nucleus in reproductive cells is called: meiosis cytokinesis Krebs Cycle mitosis
meiosis
transports proteins, nucleic acids
pinocytosis
store foods or pigments
plastids
organisms at this level are either unicellular or colonial
cellular level
spindle production for cell division
centrioles
contain genes for traits
chromosomes
transportation routes in cell
endoplasmic reticulum
tubes serving as transportation channels
endoplasmic reticulum
molecules helped by protein, move from high to low concentration
facilitated diffusion
When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution: it will gain water and may burst it will lose water and shrink it will remain the same size how the cell will react cannot be determined
it will gain water and may burst
Ribosomal RNA is produced by: lysosomes nucleoli mitochondria Golgi bodies
nucleoli
Click on the pieces of the chemical reaction to show what occurs within the mitochondrion.
C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + energy
A water solution that has the same salt concentration as the cells is said to be _____. isotonic hypotonic hypertonic
isotonic
The creationist and evolutionist are in agreement on all of the following items except: cell complexity the role of certain organelles in cell chemistry the ability of matter to be self organizing the levels of organization of complex organisms
the ability of matter to be self organizing
plant cell
cell wall
Match the following: cellulose: phospholipid and protein: gives strength to cell: selective membrane:
cell wall plasma membrane cell wall plasma membrane
Robert Hooke was the first to use the term ____________________ to describe tiny compartments in the cork.
cells
Name the five transport mechanisms of the cell:
facilitated diffusion passive diffusion active transport pinocytosis phagocytosis
Fifth
coverslip
two eyepieces
binocular
passive diffusion
cellular respiration
cells working together to perform a particular task
tissue
each cell possesses a life of its own
cell theory
all cellular material outside the nucleus
cytoplasm
work being divided up into specialized tasks
division of labor
magnifies using streams of electrons
electron microscope
Which level of organization is represented by a bone in our body? tissue cellular organ system
tissue
production of protein
ribosome
transports sodium, potassium
active transport
an outer covering of cells
epidermis
Ribosomal RNA is produced in the cytoplasm. True or False
False
An erothrocyte contains a red pigment called ____________________, which allows this cell to carry oxygen to the other cells of the body.
hemoglobin
small structure(s) within nucleus
nucleolus
An "organism" is considered the highest level of organization of cells, yet it is also found at the lowest level of cellular organization. True or False
True
The energy molecule "ATP" is a product of the reactant _____________________.
adenosine diphosphate
lens found in the eyepiece
ocular lens
magnifies an object using light and lenses
optical microscope
cell engulfs particles in cell "eating"
phagocytosis
Which statements describe organisms referred to as "colonial"? a multicellular organism similar bacteria or protozoa which group together tissue a group of multiple specialized cells
similar bacteria or protozoa which group together
It would appear logical that the first cell could have started to function from one organelle having formed by accident. True or False
False
produce and package secretions
Golgi bodies
Some organisms consist of just one cell. True or False
True
The cell theory teaches that: the basic unit of life is the organism the basic unit of life is the cell all cells have the same basic structure cells are miniature reflections of the organisms from which they are taken
the basic unit of life is the cell
The plasma membrane is made up of: a double layer of cellulose a single layer of cellulose a double layer of protein a double layer of phospholipids
a double layer of phospholipids
production of ribosomes
nucleolus
large storage structures
vacuole
______________ was/were the first to carefully document observations of blood cells, sperm cells, and other microorganisms. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
When the cell concentrates potassium within, against the natural tendency of matter, it is performing: passive diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport pinocytosis
active transport
form fibers to separate chromosomes evenly
centrioles
phagocytosis
ingestion
The energy required for the mechanism of "active transport" comes from: the reactants which yield ATP the product of ATP decomposition photosynthesis cytokinesis
the product of ATP decomposition
The relative concentration of water in a hypotonic solution is _____. high low equal stable
high
the limiting of the function of a cell to a specific function
specialization
When is facilitated diffusion necessary? when the molecules are too large when the molecules are insoluble when the direction of movement is opposite to natural diffusion none of the above
when the molecules are insoluble
The fibrous outer covering surrounding plant cells is the: epidermis cell wall plasma membrane cytoplasm
cell wall
The Bible states that man was created in the _______________________ of God, and therefore is far more than just the collection of cells that make up his body.
mind
The animal cell does not have any of the following structures except: cell wall very large vacuole chloroplast mitochondrion
mitochondrion
production of needed energy
mitochondrion
The spherical object within a cell which controls its activity is called the _____. vacuole cytoplasm nucleus epidermis
nucleus
control center of the cell
nucleus
A gene is a subunit of information within a chromosome. True or False
True
a very, long contracting cell
muscle fiber
One difference between human cheek cells and onion cells is: the presence of cytoplasm the absence of a nucleus in the plant cells the absence of a cell wall in human cells none of the above
the absence of a cell wall in human cells
Glycolysis is a body process which involves: the passage of water through a semipermeable membrane the division of the nucleus of a body cell the maintenance of a constant body environment the initial breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid
the initial breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid
Why do O2 and CO2 pass through the plasma membrane? they are nonpolar and soluble they are facilitated by protein they are "pumped" through they undergo pinocytosis
they are nonpolar and soluble
The function of a neuron is to: protect our bodies from disease contract to give us control of our muscles transmit nerve impulses within the nervous system bring oxygen to the tissues of our bodies
transmit nerve impulses within the nervous system
(Select all that apply.)Choose from the list which cells are specialized. white blood cells muscle cells nerve cells amoeba bone cells
white blood cells muscle cells nerve cells bone cells
Very little has changed in the structure of light microscopes since the 1840's, when an American, _____, was able to significantly improve the quality of the magnified images with his microscopes. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Charles Spencer Max Knott
Charles Spencer
production of secretions
Golgi bodies
_____, sixteenth century eyeglass maker(s), experimented with glass lenses and a tube and found that objects could be magnified greatly. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska
Hans and Zaccharias Janssen
The electron microscope was invented in Germany during the 1930's by _____. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Hans and Zaccharias Janssen Charles Spencer Max Knott and Ernst Ruska
Max Knott and Ernst Ruska
Life cannot be completely defined by the physical sciences. True or False
True
The Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life, while the Organismal Theory states that the organism is the basic unit of life. True or False
True
Once the specimen is in focus on a microscope, the amount of light reaching the specimen can be changed by using the: diaphragm fine adjustment rotating nosepiece eyepiece
diaphragm
food vacuoles and lysosome
digestion
Match the following: no cell wall, only plasma membrane: no large vacuole, only small ones: no chlorophyll or chloroplasts: cell plate and no centrioles in cell division: cleavage furrow plus centrioles in cell division: presence of cell wall plus plasma membrane: large hypertonic vacuole: chloroplasts and plastids:
animal cell animal cell animal cell plant cell animal cell plant cell plant cell plant cell
ATP is a compound produced by the body to: break down proteins attack materials foreign to the body carry oxygen to the cells of the body be used as a source of energy when needed for a reaction
be used as a source of energy when needed for a reaction
Second
body tube
outer covering around plant cell made of fibrous material
cell wall
What level of organization are the colonial protozoans an example of? specialized multicellular organism tissue cellular organ
cellular
The cellular material outside the nucleus is called the _____. vacuole cell wall epidermis cytoplasm
cytoplasm
All the organelles within a cell are interrelated and _____________________.
dependent on one another
A solution with a salt concentration higher than the salt concentration within the cell is called _______________________.
hypertonic
contain digestive enzymes
lysosomes
Galileo used __________________ to examine the principles of lenses, thus improving on previous attempts at magnification.
mathematics
Organelles that produce energy for the cell and ultimately the body are called _____. golgi bodies endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria ribosomes
mitochondria
single body tube
monocular
Schleiden and Schwann believed that: organisms were the basic unit of life both cells and organisms were basic units of life the questions of the basic unit of life were too abstract to answer none of the above
none of the above
ribosome production
nucleolus
Fourth
objective lens
magnifying lens closest to the specimen
objective lens
First
ocular lens
functional plant or animal
organism
a functioning organism represents life
organismal theory
When water moves freely from a membrane containing a higher concentration to a lower concentration, the diffusion is called _____. diffusion osmosis active transport passive transport
osmosis
The Bible teaches that: life is a property of matter God made our spirits and formed our body around them matter evolved, but our spirits were created our bodies were created, then had life breathed into them
our bodies were created, then had life breathed into them
transports oxygen, carbon dioxide
passive diffusion
controls what comes into and goes out of the cell
plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is made chemically of a molecule that has both polar and nonpolar ends and contains _____ inside its structure. carbohydrates fats proteins
proteins
Glycolysis ends in the production of: carbon dioxide glycogen pyruvic acid enzymes
pyruvic acid
ability to tell two points apart
resolving power
Third
revolving nosepiece
The _____ are responsible for linking amino acids together. lysosomes chromosomes nucleoulus ribosomes
ribosomes
The plasma membrane allows some molecular species to enter and excludes others. It is therefore referred to as a(n)___________________ membrane
semipermeable