Biology Chapter 10
Ground tissue
Carries out photosynthesis, stores carbohydrates, and provides structural support.
What is the major component of plant cell walls?
Cellulose (a polysaccharide made of repeating molecules of glucose attached to the end.
Dermal tissue
Covers the surfaces of leaves, stems, and roots.
Which of the following structures in animals provides support and helps to organize cells?
Extracellular matrix
The cell wall of a plant has two main layers: the primary cell wall, which is relatively thick and rigid, and the secondary cell wall, which is relatively thin and flexible. True false question.
False Reason: It's the other way around!
Although they both provide tensile strength and resistance to compression, the extracellular matrix of animals and cell walls of plants differ because the cell walls of plants Blank______.
are able to prevent osmotic lysis are thicker are more rigid
Although they both provide tensile strength and resistance to compression, the extracellular matrix of animals and cell walls of plants differ because the cell walls of plants ______.
are able to prevent osmotic lysis are thicker are more rigid
In plants, the structure that provides mechanical support, maintains cell shape, and prevents osmotic lysis is the
cell wall
A group of cells with a similar structure and function is called a(n)
tissue
Match each animal tissue with the correct description.
...
Plants have three general tissue types. _______ tissue transports water and nutrients, _______ tissue covers the surface of the plant, and _________ tissue stores carbohydrates and provides structural support for the plant.
Blank 1: Vascular Blank 2: dermal Blank 3: ground
In plants, the structure that provides mechanical support, maintains cell shape, and prevents osmotic lysis is the _______ ________.
Blank 1: cell Blank 2: wall
The main macromolecule of the plant cell wall is the polysaccharide
Blank 1: cellulose
In animals, the structure that contains proteins and polysaccharides, and may have cells attached only on one side or embedded completely within it, is the ________ ________.
Blank 1: extracellular Blank 2: matrix
In animals, the structure that contains proteins and polysaccharides, and may have cells attached only on one side or embedded completely within it, is the _________ ________.
Blank 1: extracellular Blank 2: matrix
Animals cells secrete materials that form a(n) ________ __________ that provides support and helps to organize cells. (No abbreviations please)
Blank 1: extracellular or extra-cellular Blank 2: matrix
Animal cells secrete a(n) _______ _________, which provides organization and support, whereas plant cells possess _________ ________, which provide a similar function.
Blank 1: extracellular or extra-cellular Blank 2: matrix or matrices Blank 3: cell Blank 4: walls or wall
Proteins are a major component of the extracellular matrix in animals. The second major molecular _______.
Blank 1: polysaccharides, carbohydrates, or polysaccharide
Proteins are a major component of the extracellular matrix in animals. The second major molecular components are ______.
Blank 1: polysaccharides, carbohydrates, or polysaccharide
The cell wall of plants is composed of two parts: a flexible layer called the ______ cell wall that is synthesized first, and a thicker layer called the _______ cell wall that consists of successive layers.
Blank 1: primary or 1o Blank 2: secondary or 2o
The two most prevalent types of macromolecules in the extracellular matrix of animals are ______ and ________.
Blank 1: proteins or polypeptides Blank 2: polysaccharides or carbohydrates
The most abundant macromolecules of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are _______ and ________.
Blank 1: proteins or polypeptides Blank 2: polysaccharides, carbohydrates, sugars, or polysacharides
A tissue is a group of cells having a similar _______ and _________.
Blank 1: structure, morphology, form, or composition Blank 2: function, role, job, task, or purpose
True or false: The extracellular matrix of animals tends to be thicker, stronger, and more rigid than the cell walls of plants. True false question.
False Reason: Plant cell walls tend to be thicker, stronger, and more rigid than the extracellular matrix.
Which of the following types of organisms have cells that are surrounded by a cell wall that provides structure and support?
Fungi, Plants, Bacteria and Archaea
What are the functions of the plant cell wall? Multiple select question.
It maintains cell shape. It helps to determine the direction of cell growth. It provides mechanical support. It prevents osmotic lysis.
What are the functions of the extracellular matrix in animals? Multiple select question.
It provides structural support. It organizes cells and binds body parts together. It provides strength. It participates in cell signaling.
Which of the following best describes an organism that is composed of two or more cells?
Multicellular
How do plants and animals differ in regard to support and organization of cells?
Plant cells are surrounded by cell walls, whereas animal cells secrete an extracellular matrix for support and organization.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of two major macromolecules. What are they?
Proteins Polysaccharides
How do animal cells differ from bacterial, fungal, and plant cells?
They secrete an extracellular matrix for support and organization. They do not have cell walls for support and organization.
Epithelial tissue
Tissue made of continuous sheets of cells joined by tight junctions. Forms the lining of internal and external surfaces.
Muscle tissue
Tissue that can generate force. Generates force to move the body or to move materials through the body.
Nervous tissue
Tissue that can receive, generate, and conduct electrical signals Receives, generates, and conducts electrical signals throughout the body.
Connective tissue
Tissue that is rich in extracellular matrix. Provides support for the body and joins different tissues to each other.
Vascular tissue
Transports water and nutrients.
An organism that is made up of more than one cell is best described as
multicellular
In animals, the heart is an example of a(n) ______.
organ
The leaf of a plant is a(n) ________.
organ
