Biology chapter 10 quiz
A set of triplet bases that is complementary to a codon triplet on mRNA
An anticodon is....
Start codon on the mRNA molecule
At the start of translation, where does the initiator tRNA bind?
Transduction
A microbiologist found that a colony of bacterial clones infected by a phage had developed the ability to make a particular amino acid that the bacteria could not make before the infection. The new ability was probably a result of.....
Two different strains of bacteria can transfer DNA during conjugation
Conjugation is a very effective process for spreading antibiotic resistance. Which statement best explains this observation?
Prematurely stops the translation of the protein
Consider the following sequence and explain what effect the mutation has on the protein that is translated
Serves as the template for the creation of two complete sets of DNA
During replication, the original "parent" DNA.....
whole viruses leave the host cell to infect other cells
During the lytic cycle, but not the lysogenic cycle, _____.
A virus spreading from one host species to another
Emerging viruses can originate from......
A virally encoded reverse transcriptase..... a process known as budding, in which the virus coats itself in the host cell's plasma membrane
HIV enters a white blood cell then uses _______ to make copies of its genetic material. Once HIV proteins have been translated, the virus can be released by______
Sulfer
Hershey and Chase were able to differentiate between proteins and nucleic acids using radioactive atoms of elements found only in those macromolecules. Which of the following would be found only in proteins
The worker who puts all the pieces together
If protein production were an assembly line, a ribosome would be....
Covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next
In DNA, one nucleotide monomer is linked to the next through........
RNA polymerase links nucleotides to form mRNA
In Transcription.....
DNA
In eukaryotes, the process of transcription is controlled by.....
Translation can not occur until the RNA leaves the nucleus in eukaryotes
In eukaryotes, translation is initiated only after transcription is completed. However, prokaryotes can initiate translation before a gene is completely transcribed. Which choice is the best explanation for this observation?
A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that signals the RNA polymerase to stop
In eukaryotic cells, a terminator is mRNA synthesis is....
Includes the addition of a cap and tail which protect the mRNA molecules from enzymatic attack, and the removal of introns
In eukaryotic cells, the RNA is processed before it leaves the nucleus. This processing...
Prions are proteins that are folded incorrectly
Prions, the agents that cause diseases such as mad cow disease, are unaffected by these treatments. Why?
Prokaryotic DNA is much smaller than eukaryotic DNA
Prokaryotic organisms have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic organisms have many origins where replication occurs simultaneously. Which of the following is the most probable reason for this observation?
Transfer RNA, ribosomes, AUG codons
The translation process in eukaryotes requires all of the following....
Shift in reading frame
The type of mutation represented below is a....
35%
What amount of thymine would be found in a strand of DNA composed of 15% cytosine?
The virus coats itself in the host cell's plasma membrane
What makes up this outer membrane envelope?
Inhibition of reverse transcriptase
Which of the following drug actions would prevent the spread of HIV without harming the host cell?
An additional hydroxyl group
Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Its width is about 2 nm
Which of the following is true about double-stranded DNA?
Two nucleotide sequence
Which of the following nucleotide combinations would encode the minimum number of amino acids needed in this organism?
DNA polymerase elongates the daughter strand, adding new nucleotides to the 3' end of the molecule. The molecule grows 5' to 3' but is read 3' to 5'
Which of the following occurs during DNA replication?
