Biology Chapter 18 Virus & Bacteria
Can bacteria have a nucleus?
No False
What are the common shapes of bacteria
Round-cocci Rods-bacilli Spirals-sprilla Strepto-chains
What do saprophytes break down/live on?
Saprophytes are bacteria that break down dead organic matter
In a lysogenic infection, where is the viral DNA inserted into?
The host DNA
What is the function of an endospore?
Tiny structure that is resistant to adverse environmental factors
The step that does not belong in the lytic cycle The virus attaches to cell Virus makes copy of itself Viral genes destroys the DNA of the host cell The virus injects its DNA
Viral genes destroys the DNA of the host cell
Who/what depends on bacteria for nitrogen fixation?
All organisms are totally dependent on bacteria for nitrogen fixation
The new viruses particles being made
Assembly (D)
Stages of lytic cycle
Attachment Entry Replication Assembly Lysis and Release
Have bacteria always been able to exist under adverse conditions or is it a recent adaptation?
Bacteria CAN live in harsh, adverse conditions
What is nitrogen fixation?
Bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia, nitrates, and nitrites
Bacteria reproduce by a process called
Binary fission
What is a basic structure of a virus?
DNA/RNA (Genetic material) Protein coat
How does penicillin kill bacteria?
Destroys bacteria by causing holes to develop in their cell walls
Bacteria are used in
all of these Medical industry farming food industry
The virus attaching to the host cell
attachment (A)
E. coli
bacteria
Strep throat
bacteria
Bacteria exchange genetic information between each other by a process called
conjugation
Cyanobacteria are
photosynthetic autotrophs/ live in ponds, streams, and moist areas
The host DNA is destroyed and viral genes are copied
replication (C)
What is streptococcus? (strep throat)
round chains
Why are viruses considered parasites?
since they cannot exist without a host cell
Bacteria have a high rate of mutation
true
Bacteria reproduce rapidly
true
AIDS
virus
Common cold
virus
Influenza
virus
The virus injecting its nucleic acid
entry (B)
Where are viruses found?
found in water, soil, air, EVERYWHERE
Viruses are unique because they need a _______ cell in order to __________
host, survive/exist
The host cell breaking open
lysis and release (E)
