Biology - Chapter 6 Test

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which cell components?

cilia; The microtubule assembly of a cilium of flagellum is anchored in the cell by a basal body.

What is the simplest collection of matter that can live?

cell

Which of the following (is) are most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chlorplast or mitochondrion, neither of which is part of the endomembrane system? A. Transport Vesicles B The Golgi apparatus C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. free cytoplasmic ribosomes E. rough endoplasmic reticulum

D. free cytoplasmic ribosomes; Although there are other processes associated with this, they are part of the endomembrane system. Most proteins that function in chlorplasts and mitochondria are made on free cytoplasmic ribosomes and then imported into their respective organelles.

Cyanide binds with at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide would be found within the a) mitochondria. b) ribosomes c) peroxisomes d) lysosomes e) endoplasmic reticulum.

a. mitochondria

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? a) nuclear envelope b) chloroplast c) Golgi apparatus d) plasma membrane e. ER

b. chloroplast

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell? a. mitochondrion b. ribosome c. nuclear envelope d. chloroplast e. ER

b. ribosome

Consider 2 cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to a) have a very high metabolic rate b) be buried deep in the interior of an organism c) be involved in the rapid updatke of compounds from the cell's environment d) be a prokaryotic cell e) be nearly spherical in shape

c) be involved in the rapid update of compounds from the cell's environment. For 2 cells of the same volume, a cell that is spherical will have a smaller surface area than a cell with a convoluted shape.

Which statement correctly characterizes bound ribosomes? a) Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their own membrane. b) Bound and free ribosomes are structurally different. c) Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. d) The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. e) All of the above.

c. Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins.

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes? a) muscle cell b) nerve cell c) phagocytic white blood cell d) leaf cell of a plant e) bacterial cell

c. phagocytic white blood cell

Cells of the pancreas will incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track their location. In this case, we are tracking an enzyme secreted by pancreatic cells. What is its most likely pathway? a) ER→Golgi→nucleus b) Golgi→ER→lysosome c) nucleus→ER→Golgi d) ER→Golgi→vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane e) ER→lysosomes→vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

d. ER→Golgi→vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells? a) chloroplast b) wall made of cellulose c) central vacuole d) mitochondrion e)centriole

d. mitochondrion

Which structure-function pair is mismatched? a) nucleolus; production of ribosomal subunits b) lysosome; intracellular digestion c) ribosome; protein synthesis d) Golgi; protein trafficking e. microtubule; muscle contraction

e. microtubule; muscle contraction

Cell fractionation results in....

the distruption of cells and their organelles

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should he choose and why is it the best choice?

light microscope; because the specimen is alive

The average wavelength of visible light is about 550 nanometers or 0.5 micrometers. Which of the following cellular structures is unlikely to be resolved with a light microscope? a) nucleus about 5 micrometers in diameter b) chromosomes in nucleus during cell division c) nuclear pore complexes (100 nanometers in diameter) on the nuclear membrane d) a typical bacterial cell (0.5 andf 2.0 micrometers in diameter) e) a typical eukaryotic cell (10-100 micrometers in diameter)

nuclear pore complexes (100 nanometers in diameter) on the nuclear membrane. The dimension of the core complex are smaller than the wavelength of visible light and thus cannot be resolved with a light microscope.