Biology exam #2

The ___ theory states that all life is composed of one or more cells, which are the fundamental units of all life

cell

All living things are made of

cells

How many of the following organelles occur in your skin cells? Mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, vacuoles, ER A-6 B-5 C-8 D-7 E-4

B-5(mitochondria,ribosomes,nucleus,lysomes and ER

Key genetic sequences suggest that archaea are more closely related to members of domain ______ than they are to members of Domain Bacteria. A-plantae B-eukarya C-monera D-chordata

B-eukarya

What 4 things are present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Cytoplasm, DNA, RNA, ribosomes

What is present in bacterial cells?

Cytoplasm, enzymes, DNA, ribosomes

What did Robert Hooke call the little units he observed when he viewed cork under lenses of glass A-nuclei B-atoms C-organelles D-cells

D-Cells

What English physicist first observed the outlines of cells when he looked at cork from an oak tree? A-Leeuwenhoek B-Schwann C-schledian D-Hooke

D-Hooke

When English physicist first observed the outlines of cells when he looked at cork from an oak tree A-Schleiden B-Schwann C-Leeuwenhoek D-Hooke

D-Hooke

Whether bacterium or blue whale, every organism is made of A-organ systems B-organs C-tissues D-cells

D-cells

the head of a phospholipid ____, meaning it's polar covalent bonds attract water, but the tails of a phospholipid are __ and thus water-insoluble. A-lipid-soluble; lipid-insoluble B-non polar; polar C-hydrophobic; hydrophilic D-hydrophilic; hydrophobic

D-hydrophilic;hydrophobic

Which structure is most likely to occur in a amoeba? A-flagellum B-chloroplast C-tight junction D-plasmodesma E-cytoskeleton

E-cytoskeleton

Cholesterol is a molecule in animal cell membranes. Since cholesterol is hydrophobic, where is it the most likely to occur? A-region Y B-region X

A-Region Y

The___ microscope is ideal for viewing living cells that are between 200 nanometers and 1 millimeter in size A-light B-transmission C-scanning D-electron

A-light

What type of microscope passes light through a transparent or thinly sliced specimen to generate true -color view of cells? A-light microscope B-transmission electron microscope C-scanning electron microscope

A-light microphone

What are the three components of the cell theory in the mid-1800s

All cells originate from preexisting cells, all organisms are made of one or more cells,the cell is the fundamental unit of all life

How many of these features does a typical bacterial cell have? DNA, cell wall, nucleus, robosomes, cell membrane. A-3 B-2 C-4 D-1 E-5

C-4(DNA, cell wall,robosomes, and a cell membrane)

All cells are surrounded by a plasma membranes , that separate the cytoplasms from the___ A-golgi apparatus B-endoplasmic reticulum C-outside environment D-ribosomes

C-outside environment

In cell membranes, what part of a phospholipid molecule is oriented toward the outside of the bilayer? A-fatty acid tails B-nonpolar rings C-phosphate head D-hydrocarbon chains

C-phosphate head

The cell membrane is composed of a type of lipid molecule called a(n)__, which has two fatty acids and a phosphate group extending from a glycerol molecule A-carbohydrate B-polysaccharide C-phospholipid D-triglyceride

C-phospholipid

___ cells are the simplest forms of life and lack a nucleus A-plant B-fungal C-prokaryotic D-eukaryotic

C-prokaryotic

What are the three characteristics for eukaryotic cells

Has a nucleus, larger that prokaryotic cells, system of internal membranes

All cells have a __ that surrounds the cytoplasm and forms a boundary between the cell and its environment

Membrane

All cells have a cell___ that surrounds the cytoplasm and forms a boundary between the cell and its environment

Membrane

What are the differences between archaea and bacteria

Molecules that compose the cell membranes, evolutionary relationship to eukaryotes, chemical composition of flagella

What are the characteristics of prokaryotes

Most ancient forms of life on earth, lack a nucleus, simplest types of life

What are the roles that membranes play in cells

Transports substances into and out of the cell, receive and respond to external stimuli, enclose organelles in eukaryotic cells