Biology Final

Microtubule

Determines overall cell shape

Lysosome

Digests worn out or nonusable cell structures. Sometimes called the cell's digestive system or suicide sac.

The following orientation terms have the opposite meaning

Distal and proximal

The Cranial and spinal cavities are divisions of the ______ cavity

Dorsal

Translation is the stage in protein synthesis that occurs in the nucleus and involves the mRNA obtaining a coded message from a template strand of DNA

False

Distal

Farther from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of the limb to the body trunk

DNA

Found in the nucleus. Acts as a template for mRNA during transcription

tRNA

Helps form the ribosomes where proteins are built

rRNA

Helps from the ribosomes where proteins are built

Ventral

In front of

The following statement about DNR is incorrect

It has the base uracil instead of thymine

Triglycerides, steroids, and fat-soluble vitamins are types of these organic compounds

Lipids

The following system is matched most accurately to the lift function it provides

Nervous system - responsiveness

Isotopes have different numbers of ___; thus they also have different _______.

Neutrons; atomic masses

DNA, RNA, and ATP are types of these organic compounds

Nuclei acids

Nucleotides form a the building blocks of these organic compounds

Nucleic acids

Golgi Apparatus

Packages substances, especially proteins, for release from cell.

The phase of cell division during which the chomatids are pulled apart, appear in a V shape and move to the opposite ends of the cell is

Anaphase

The following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans

Anterior and ventral

Deep

Away from the body surface

Blood clotting and the birth of a baby are examples of the _____ feedback mechanism

Positive

Antibodies, some hormones, and enzymes are types of these organic compounds

Proteins

The following statement is correct regarding the electrical charge of subatomic particles

Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons are neutral.

The atomic number of an atom reveals the number of:

Protons in the atomic nucleus

The following statements about RNA are true

RNA is single stranded

Ribosome

Site of protein synthesis

Nucleolus

Site of ribosome synthesis

The following is the correct order of elements in a control system

Stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response

Protein

Synthesized (made) during translation

In anatomical position

The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing forward

Medial

Toward the body surface

Superior

Toward the body surface

Which type of section/plane could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

Transverse

Organelles are duplicated in Interphase

True

Osmosis is a special name for the diffusion of water

True

Protein synthesis cannot proceed without ribosomes

True

Telophase is the stage of mitosis when the chromosomes unwind and become chromatin again and the nuclear membrane reforms

True

Peroxisomes

Uses oxygen to detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and formaldehyde. Breaks down free radicals.

The following solutions is the weakest acid

a solution with a pH of 6.4

Microvilli are apt to be found in cells that are specialized for

absorption

The following RNA bases are complementary (match)

adenine & uracil

What are the correct base-pairing rules for DNA

adenine bonds to thymine and guanine bonds to cytosine

two types of passive transport are

diffusion and filtration

The system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones is the

endocrine system

The following substance is matched with its correct organic group

enzymes - proteins

The following is NOT an active transport process

facilitated diffusion

The following do no involve the movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lower concentration

filtration

The movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure are to a lower pressure area is called

filtration

Looking into a microscope, you notice cells swimming, propelled by a long tail. What cell structure must these cells have in order to be mobile

flagella

The bodys ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as

homeostasis

A cell would plump with water and possibly lyse (burst) in which solution

hypotonic

A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is

hypotonic

Ribosomes are found

in the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

DNA replication takes place during

interphase

The correct order of phases of the cell cycle is

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

When a pair of elections is shared equally between two atoms, the bond formed is called a

nonpolar covalent bond

Centriole

rod shaped and found in pairs. directs formation of mitotic spindle

The system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide to the exterior is the

respiratory system

Perform transcription ton this partial sequence of DNA into mRNA: TTA-GCT-ACT

AAU-CGA-UGA

An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, & 6 electrons. Its atomic mass is...

14

Shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of _ electrons

2

An atom with an atomic number of 14 with have __ electrons in its valence shell

4

Sarah fell while ice skating and hit her occipital region. What is this region?

Back of head

Inferior

Below

If the sequence of nitrogenous bases in one strand of DCA is GTA-GCA the sequence of bases on its complementary DNA strand would be

CAT-CGT

This is an example is a compound:

CH4

Glycogen, glucose, and lactose are compounds

Carbohydrates

The following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex in the levels of structural organization of the human body:

Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level

Your body thermostat is located in a part of the brain called hypothalamus. The following element of the control system represents this hypothalamus

Control Center

mRNA

Copies the instructions for building a protein from DCA and takes teh instructions to a ribosome

The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms re the

Electrons

A cell ingests bacteria. What type of transport is likely responsible for this process

Endocytosis

Desmosomes are junctions that allow cell communication

False

The process of facilitated diffusion requires energy from the cell

False

mitochondria

captures energy to produce ATP

Building block is the monosaccharide

carbohydrates

Glucose and starch are examples of

carbohydrates

Ninety-six percent of the human body is composed of the elements

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

A charged atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is a

cation

Which cell structure forms an internal framework inside the cell and is made of microtubules, intermediate filaments, & microfilaments

cytoskeleton

A cell whose job is to detoxify harmful or poisonous substances such as alcohol would have many

peroxisomes

two types of endocytosis are

phagocytosis and pinocytosis

The study of the function of the body and body parts is called

physiology

The organic compounds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are the

proteins

The reaction A+B --> is an example of a

synthesis reaction

The events of prophase seem to be opposite of those that occur during

telophase

In describing the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions

the patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region