Biology Lesson 4 Chapter 18
Prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera
1938
Fungi moved to its own kingdom
1959
Kingdom Monera split into kingdoms bacteria and Archea
1977
How many domains are there?
3
How many kingdoms are there?
6
All single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista
1866
Why is the tree of life considered a work in progress?
as new stuff is discovered it can change
Classified by their shape, need for oxygen, and whether they cause disease
bacteria
One of the largest groups on earth
bacteria
Why is classification considered a work in progress?
because it must be corrected when new knowledge becomes available
What is always a work in progress?
classification
What can lead to changes in classification?
new discoveries
What did Carl Woese base his proposal that there are three domains on?
rRNA studies of prokaryotes
How has the kingdom system changed over the last 300 years?
there are four more kingdoms than there were 300 years ago
What kingdoms existed in 1753?
Animalia and Plantae
What kingdoms existed in 1800?
Animalia and Plantae and Protista
What kingdoms existed in 1938?
Animalia and Plantae and Protista and monera
Includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea
Archaea
Known for living in extreme environments
Archaea
Known for their ability to live in extreme environments
Archaea
single-celled prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea
Archaea
Archaea's cell walls are chemically different from what?
Bacteria
Classified by shape, need for oxygen, and diseases caused
Bacteria
Single-celled prokaryotes in the kingdom bacteria
Bacteria
What includes prokaryotes in the kingdom bacteria?
Bacteria
What blurs the line between species?
Bacteria and Archaea
What can be difficult to classify?
Bacteria and Archaea
What can transfer genes across species, back and forth to each other outside of ordinary reproduction?
Bacteria and Archaea
What transfers genes among themselves outside of reproduction?
Bacteria and Archaea
Name the three domains in the current tree of life, including what kingdoms they contain.
Bacteria contains the kingdom bacteria/Archea contains the kingdom Archea/ Eukarya contains the kingdoms protists, plants, fungi, and animals
What are the three domains in the tree of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Why did fungi get moved to its own kingdom?
Because of the way it obtains food
How were the differences between Archaea and bacteria discovered?
By studying RNA
Who proposed the three domains?
Carl Woese
What are above the kingdom level?
Domains
All organisms with eukaryotic cells. Includes the kingdoms of Protista, Plantae, fungi, and Animalia
Eukarya
Have cells with distinct nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Eukarya
Includes all eukaryotes
Eukarya
Organisms that have cells containing a distinct nucleus organelles with eukaryotic cells are surrounded by a membrane can be colonial or multicellular
Eukarya
What kingdoms existed in 1959?
Fungi Animalia Plantae Protista Monera
What kingdoms existed in 1977?
Fungi Animalia Protista Plantae Bacteria Archaea
Describe Woese's discovery and the impact it had on the tree of life?
He discovered that bacteria and Archaea are genetically different kingdoms
What is needed to understand prokaryotes?
More research
What does the tree of life show?
Our most current understanding
What kind of research prompted living things to be classified into domains, a grouping above the kingdom level?
Prokaryotes were divided into two types
Domain model more clearly shows what?
Prokaryotic diversity
What kingdoms does the domain Eukarya include?
Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia
The current tree of life has how many domains?
Three
Only two kingdoms, animalia and plante
Until 1866
Who's research caused kingdom Monera to be split into kingdoms bacteria and Archea?
Woese's rRNA research
