Biology unit 9

Which of the following statements is true about precipitation affecting plant growth in an area?

Larger plants require a larger amount of precipitation.

Another factor that characterizes biomes is altitude and latitude. ________ refers to how far north or south something is from the equator, while ________ refers to how high something is above sea level.

Latitude, altitude

A protist that floats near the surface of the water is a(n) ______.

Plankton

mutualism

a close relationship in which two different species provide a benefit to each other

Altitude affects temperature because the ______ the altitude, the ______ the temperature.

higher, colder

Estuaries are productive because they receive a lot of _________ and a lot of sunlight.

nutrients

Which of the following determines a biome? Select all that apply.

plants, precipitation, temperature

The single largest threat against a river ecosystem is ___________.

pollution

What potential effect can one piece of garbage have on an aquatic ecosystem if it gets thrown into a stream and ends up in the river or ocean?

pollution

What are six types of freshwater ecosystems? Select all that apply.

ponds, rivers, wetlands, lakes, marshes, swamps

Forests require more _______________ than grasslands because trees are bigger than grass.

precipitation

On the bottom of trophic pyramids are __________________.

producers

plankton

protists that float near the surface of the water

When have some species become endangered?

their habitat is destroyed

The following are all functions wetlands perform except _____.

turn into anthracite

Estuary

An area where rivers meet the ocean, or freshwater mixes in with saltwater is a(n) _________.

Label these biomes in order from greatest to least diversity. Fill in 1 to 3 (1 being the greatest).

1- tropical rain forest 2. temperate deciduous forest 3. temperate rain forest

Think: Which of the following are examples that easily result in the butterfly effect? Select all that apply.

1. Someone cooks a tiny fish and names it a delicacy. 2. Someone strikes a match to light a cigarette. 3. Someone likes to make and sell jewelry of animal teeth.

Why are the functions of the wetlands important to humans? Select all that apply.

1. They help prevent flooding. 2. The generally negate the harmful effects of garbage on ecosystems. 3. They provide clean drinking water.

Which of the following statements are true about animals' adaptations in the taiga? Select all that apply.

1. They live underground. 2. They have thick fur.

Five things an ecosystem needs to survive are:

1. oxygen 2. living organisms 3. mineral nutrients 4. energy 5. water

What is the difference between a population and a community in an Ecosystem Organizer?

A population is all the members of one species in an area at the same time; a community is all species in the same place at the same time.

Increased input to this cycle may be responsible for global warming.

Carbon

An animal that only eats animals is a(n) __________.

Carnivore

____________ eat dead and decaying matter.

Decomposer

Dead and decaying matter is eaten by __________.

Decomposers

An ecosystem's different eating relationships at all different levels are shown by _______.

Food webs

An animal that eats only plants is a(n) __________.

Herbivore

Latitude

How far an object is from the equator.

Altitude

How high above something is from sea level

Why do temperate deciduous forests have more diversity than temperate rain forests?

Temperate deciduous forests have more diversity because more sunlight is able to penetrate to the forest floor.

What determines a biome?

Temperature, precipitation, plants

Which of the following describes a nekton?

The free-swimming organisms in water

niche

The unique role a species plays in its ecosystem

Species

a group of organisms that are closely related and are able to mate and produce fertile offspring

species

a group of organisms that are closely related and are able to mate and produce fertile offspring

What is a biome?

a large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities

biome

a large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities

competition

a relationship between two species who attempt to use the same limited resource

parasitism

a relationship in which an organism lives in or on another organism and feeds off of that organism

predation

a relationship in which one organism eats another organism

parasitism

a relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism and feeds off that organism

commensalism

a relationship in which one species benefits from another species and that species is neither harmed nor helped

symbiosis

a relationship in which two organisms live in close association with each other

Certain plants are _______ to certain temperature zones.

adapted

The biotic factors of an ecosystem include _____.

all living and once-living organisms

Ecosystem

all organisms living together in a physical environment in a certain area

Community

all populations of different species living together in the same ecosystem

population

all the members of one species living together in the same place at the same time

ecosystem

all the organisms living together in their physical environment in a certain area

community

all the populations of all the different species living together in the same ecosystem, interacting with each other

estuary

an area where rivers meet the ocean, or freshwater mixes with saltwater

organism

an individual living thing

A large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities is a(n) __________.

biome

benthos

bottom-dwelling organisms in water; they are often attached to hard surfaces

Plants in ______ biomes are adapted to survive long periods of time without water by storing _____ in their _____, waxy stems.

desert, water, thick

All living organisms residing together in an environment make up a(n) ____________.

ecosystem

Productive aquatic ecosystems called ___________ receive nutrients from rivers and plenty of sunlight in the shallow waters.

estuaries

Latitude also affects temperature because the _______ you are from the _______, the colder it gets.

farther, equator

Nektons are free-swimming organisms such as

fish, turtles, dolphins, and whales

Any place that an organism lives is its _________.

habitat

organism

individual living thing

What five things do ecosystems need to survive?

living organisms, mineral nutrients, energy, oxygen, and water

Which of the following organisms live in aquatic ecosystems? Select all that apply.

nekton, benthos, decomposers, plankton

carbon cycle

the process in which carbon is cycled between the atmosphere, land, water, and organisms

_______, __________, and __________ are three types of marine ecosystems

oceans, coral reefs, coastal wetlands

What constitutes the biotic factors of an ecosystem? Select all that apply.

once living things, living things

Commensalism

one species benefits from another species and that species is neither harmed nor helped

decomposer

organisms that break down dead and decaying matter

In which of the following ways are animals in coral reefs and the ocean threatened? Select all that apply.

over-harvesting, pollution, destruction of habitat

What are some possible abiotic factors of an ecosystem? Select all that apply.

oxygen, pebbles, hydrogen, carbon

The Littoral zone is near the ______ and is full of life like plants, _____, and animals; whereas, the _______ zone is at the ______ of a lake or pond, where __________, insect ______, and filter feeders live.

shore, algae, bottom, decomposers, larvae

threatened species

species that are declining in numbers and are likely to become endangered, if protective measures are not taken

endangered species

species that are likely to become extinct, if protection measures are not taken

nitrogen cycle

the process in which nitrogen is transferred between the atmosphere, bacteria, and other organisms

ecological succession

the process of change during which the species in a community are established or replaced

phosphorous cycle

the process of phosphorous moving from the environment to living organisms and back into the environment

competition

the relationship between two species who attempt to use the same limited resource

niche

the unique role a species plays in its ecosystem that includes its physical home, the environmental factors it needs to survive, and all its interactions with other species in the same ecosystem

The following biomes are grasslands and deserts except the _________.

taiga

Which of the following biomes are forests? Select all that apply.

taiga, temperate rain forest, temperate deciduous forest, tropical rain forest

You might find a __________________ at the top of a trophic pyramid.

tertiary consumer

climax community

the final and stable community of an ecosystem

pioneer species

the first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem

nekton

the free-swimming organisms in water

Population

the members of one species living together in the same place at the same time

carrying capacity

the number of a particular species that an ecosystem can support

biodiversity

the numbers and variety of different species in a given area

habitat

the place that an organism lives

Habitat

the place where an organism

keystone species

vital species in an ecosystem