Biology unit 9
Which of the following statements is true about precipitation affecting plant growth in an area?
Larger plants require a larger amount of precipitation.
Another factor that characterizes biomes is altitude and latitude. ________ refers to how far north or south something is from the equator, while ________ refers to how high something is above sea level.
Latitude, altitude
A protist that floats near the surface of the water is a(n) ______.
Plankton
mutualism
a close relationship in which two different species provide a benefit to each other
Altitude affects temperature because the ______ the altitude, the ______ the temperature.
higher, colder
Estuaries are productive because they receive a lot of _________ and a lot of sunlight.
nutrients
Which of the following determines a biome? Select all that apply.
plants, precipitation, temperature
The single largest threat against a river ecosystem is ___________.
pollution
What potential effect can one piece of garbage have on an aquatic ecosystem if it gets thrown into a stream and ends up in the river or ocean?
pollution
What are six types of freshwater ecosystems? Select all that apply.
ponds, rivers, wetlands, lakes, marshes, swamps
Forests require more _______________ than grasslands because trees are bigger than grass.
precipitation
On the bottom of trophic pyramids are __________________.
producers
plankton
protists that float near the surface of the water
When have some species become endangered?
their habitat is destroyed
The following are all functions wetlands perform except _____.
turn into anthracite
Estuary
An area where rivers meet the ocean, or freshwater mixes in with saltwater is a(n) _________.
Label these biomes in order from greatest to least diversity. Fill in 1 to 3 (1 being the greatest).
1- tropical rain forest 2. temperate deciduous forest 3. temperate rain forest
Think: Which of the following are examples that easily result in the butterfly effect? Select all that apply.
1. Someone cooks a tiny fish and names it a delicacy. 2. Someone strikes a match to light a cigarette. 3. Someone likes to make and sell jewelry of animal teeth.
Why are the functions of the wetlands important to humans? Select all that apply.
1. They help prevent flooding. 2. The generally negate the harmful effects of garbage on ecosystems. 3. They provide clean drinking water.
Which of the following statements are true about animals' adaptations in the taiga? Select all that apply.
1. They live underground. 2. They have thick fur.
Five things an ecosystem needs to survive are:
1. oxygen 2. living organisms 3. mineral nutrients 4. energy 5. water
What is the difference between a population and a community in an Ecosystem Organizer?
A population is all the members of one species in an area at the same time; a community is all species in the same place at the same time.
Increased input to this cycle may be responsible for global warming.
Carbon
An animal that only eats animals is a(n) __________.
Carnivore
____________ eat dead and decaying matter.
Decomposer
Dead and decaying matter is eaten by __________.
Decomposers
An ecosystem's different eating relationships at all different levels are shown by _______.
Food webs
An animal that eats only plants is a(n) __________.
Herbivore
Latitude
How far an object is from the equator.
Altitude
How high above something is from sea level
Why do temperate deciduous forests have more diversity than temperate rain forests?
Temperate deciduous forests have more diversity because more sunlight is able to penetrate to the forest floor.
What determines a biome?
Temperature, precipitation, plants
Which of the following describes a nekton?
The free-swimming organisms in water
niche
The unique role a species plays in its ecosystem
Species
a group of organisms that are closely related and are able to mate and produce fertile offspring
species
a group of organisms that are closely related and are able to mate and produce fertile offspring
What is a biome?
a large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities
biome
a large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities
competition
a relationship between two species who attempt to use the same limited resource
parasitism
a relationship in which an organism lives in or on another organism and feeds off of that organism
predation
a relationship in which one organism eats another organism
parasitism
a relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism and feeds off that organism
commensalism
a relationship in which one species benefits from another species and that species is neither harmed nor helped
symbiosis
a relationship in which two organisms live in close association with each other
Certain plants are _______ to certain temperature zones.
adapted
The biotic factors of an ecosystem include _____.
all living and once-living organisms
Ecosystem
all organisms living together in a physical environment in a certain area
Community
all populations of different species living together in the same ecosystem
population
all the members of one species living together in the same place at the same time
ecosystem
all the organisms living together in their physical environment in a certain area
community
all the populations of all the different species living together in the same ecosystem, interacting with each other
estuary
an area where rivers meet the ocean, or freshwater mixes with saltwater
organism
an individual living thing
A large area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities is a(n) __________.
biome
benthos
bottom-dwelling organisms in water; they are often attached to hard surfaces
Plants in ______ biomes are adapted to survive long periods of time without water by storing _____ in their _____, waxy stems.
desert, water, thick
All living organisms residing together in an environment make up a(n) ____________.
ecosystem
Productive aquatic ecosystems called ___________ receive nutrients from rivers and plenty of sunlight in the shallow waters.
estuaries
Latitude also affects temperature because the _______ you are from the _______, the colder it gets.
farther, equator
Nektons are free-swimming organisms such as
fish, turtles, dolphins, and whales
Any place that an organism lives is its _________.
habitat
organism
individual living thing
What five things do ecosystems need to survive?
living organisms, mineral nutrients, energy, oxygen, and water
Which of the following organisms live in aquatic ecosystems? Select all that apply.
nekton, benthos, decomposers, plankton
carbon cycle
the process in which carbon is cycled between the atmosphere, land, water, and organisms
_______, __________, and __________ are three types of marine ecosystems
oceans, coral reefs, coastal wetlands
What constitutes the biotic factors of an ecosystem? Select all that apply.
once living things, living things
Commensalism
one species benefits from another species and that species is neither harmed nor helped
decomposer
organisms that break down dead and decaying matter
In which of the following ways are animals in coral reefs and the ocean threatened? Select all that apply.
over-harvesting, pollution, destruction of habitat
What are some possible abiotic factors of an ecosystem? Select all that apply.
oxygen, pebbles, hydrogen, carbon
The Littoral zone is near the ______ and is full of life like plants, _____, and animals; whereas, the _______ zone is at the ______ of a lake or pond, where __________, insect ______, and filter feeders live.
shore, algae, bottom, decomposers, larvae
threatened species
species that are declining in numbers and are likely to become endangered, if protective measures are not taken
endangered species
species that are likely to become extinct, if protection measures are not taken
nitrogen cycle
the process in which nitrogen is transferred between the atmosphere, bacteria, and other organisms
ecological succession
the process of change during which the species in a community are established or replaced
phosphorous cycle
the process of phosphorous moving from the environment to living organisms and back into the environment
competition
the relationship between two species who attempt to use the same limited resource
niche
the unique role a species plays in its ecosystem that includes its physical home, the environmental factors it needs to survive, and all its interactions with other species in the same ecosystem
The following biomes are grasslands and deserts except the _________.
taiga
Which of the following biomes are forests? Select all that apply.
taiga, temperate rain forest, temperate deciduous forest, tropical rain forest
You might find a __________________ at the top of a trophic pyramid.
tertiary consumer
climax community
the final and stable community of an ecosystem
pioneer species
the first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem
nekton
the free-swimming organisms in water
Population
the members of one species living together in the same place at the same time
carrying capacity
the number of a particular species that an ecosystem can support
biodiversity
the numbers and variety of different species in a given area
habitat
the place that an organism lives
Habitat
the place where an organism
keystone species
vital species in an ecosystem