Blood

c

A difference between the A, B, and O blood types and the Rh factor is a. Rh agglutinogens are not found on the surface of the RBCs. b. Rh agglutinogens do not produce a cross reaction. c. Individuals who are Rh- do not carry agglutinogens to Rh factor unless they have been previously sensitized. d. Rh agglutinogens are found free in the plasma. e. Rh agglutinogens are found bound to plasma proteins.

c

A megakaryoblast will develop into a. Red blood cell b. White blood cell c. Platelet d. Both b and c e. Any of the abov

b

An anticoagulant such as warfarin (Coumadin) that interferes with prothrombin production will alter the clotting mechanism during A)platelets aggregation. B)activation of thrombin. C)the release of tissue thromboplastin. D)stimulation of factor activation complex.

e

Arrange the following five events in the order they occur as erythrocytes are broken down: 1. bilirubin is conjugated to glucuronic acid 2. bilirubin is excreted in bile 3. biliverdin is produced 4. free bilirubin is produced 5. hemoglobin is broken down to heme groups and globin molecules A) 1,2,3,4,5 B) 2,3,1,4,5 C) 3,5,1,4,2 D) 4,5,1,2,4 E) 5,3,4,1,2

b

Arrange the following formed elements in the correct order from most numerous to least numerous in normal blood: 1. erythrocytes 2. leukocytes 3. thrombocytes A) 1,2,3 B) 1,3,2 C) 2,1,3 D) 2,3,1

a

Erythrocytes A) are biconcave disks.B) transport less than half of the oxygen in the blood. C) transport most of the carbon dioxide in the blood. D) can rupture and release hemoglobin in a process called erythropoiesis. E) are the least numerous formed elements.

d

Erythropoietin directly stimulates RBC formation by a. Increasing rates of mitotic divisions in erythroblasts. b. Speeding up the maturation of RBCs. c. Accelerating the rate of hemoglobin synthesis. d. a, b, and c are correct.

d

For someone having a coronary thrombosis (blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot), which of these chemicals is the most effective to inject? A) histamine B) thrombin C) thromboxane D) t-PA E) prostaglandins

b

For the ABO blood group, the antigens are found __________ , and the antibodies are found ___________ . A) on the erythrocytes, on the leukocytes B) on the erythrocytes, in the plasma C) on the leukocytes, in the plasma D) in the plasma, on the erythrocytes E) in the plasma, on the leukocytes

d

Malignant disorders that arise from granulocytic cells in the bone marrow will have the primary effect of causing A)risk for hemorrhage. B)altered oxygenation. C)decreased production of antibodies. D) decreased phagocytosis of bacteria.

c

Stem cells responsible for lymphopoiesis are located in the a. Thymus and spleen. b. Lymph nodes. c. Red bone marrow d. a, b, and c are correct.

b

The following is a list of the steps involved in the process of hemostasis. 1. Coagulation 2. Fibrinolysis 3. Vascular spasm 4. Retraction 5. Platelet phase The correct sequence of the steps is (a) 5, 1, 4, 2, 3 (b) 3, 5, 1, 4, 2 (c) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4 (d) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 (e) 4, 3, 5, 2, 1

c

The neutrophil count is often greatly increased in a patient with A) anemia. B) thrombocytopenia. C) a bacterial infection. D) leukopenia. E) low blood glucose.

b

These leukocytes play a role in inflammatory and allergic reactions. A) basophils B) eosinophils C) lymphocytes D) monocytes E) neutrophils

b

These leukocytes produce enzymes that reduce the inflammatory response and are associated with allergies or parasitic infections. A) basophils B) eosinophils C) lymphocytes D) monocytes E) neutrophils

c

What antibodies does a person with type O blood have in their plasma? a. A b. B c. A and B d. No antibodies e. Not enough information to answer

b

What antigens does a person have on their RBC if their plasma has antibody A? a. A b. B c. O d. A and B e. No antigens

d

Which leukocyte's main function is phagocytosis? A) basophils B) lymphocytes C) mast cells D) neutrophils E) eosinophils

c

Which of the following do mast cells not release? a. Heparin b. Histamine c. Nitric oxide d. Protease e. All of the above

c

Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in blood clotting? a. Albumins b. Globulins c. Fibrinogens d. Prostaglandins e. None of the above

b

Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in disease resistance? a. Albumins b. Globulins c. Fibrinogens d. Myoglobin e. Hemoglobin

a

Which of these conditions occur in a normal individual living at a high altitude? A) anemia B) hemophilia C) leukemia D) secondary polycythemia E) thrombocytopenia

c

Which of these conditions often causes leukocytosis? A) leukopenia B)thrombocytopenia C) leukemia D) erythropoiesis E) anemia

e

Which of these statements about Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) is (are) true? A) Before birth, bilirubin produced by ruptured erythrocytes is removed through the placenta. B) This condition usually occurs with the second Rh-positive pregnancy of the Rh-negative mother. C) After birth, this condition may continue because maternal antibodies are still present in the baby's system. D) Jaundice may occur if bilirubin accumulates in tissues. E) all of these statements are correct

d

Which of these statements about the ABO blood group is NOT true? A) A person with type O blood can donate blood to individuals with type A, B, AB, or O blood types. B) Transfusions should be made considering the plasma of the donor and the erythrocytes of the patient (recipient). C) A person with type A blood should not receive a transfusion from someone with type AB blood. D) A person with type O blood has both the A and B antigens. E) Type AB blood should be given only to other persons with AB blood.

a

Which of these statements concerning clotting is (are) correct? A) Both extrinsic and intrinsic clotting pathways form prothrombinase. B) Clots are composed mostly of thrombin. C) Clotting requires vitamin K and iron. D) The extrinsic pathway is stimulated by contact with a damaged blood vessel. E) all of these

a

Which of these statements is true? A) A-negative blood can probably be safely donated to a person with A-positive blood. B) Antibodies against the Rh antigen do not develop unless an Rh-positive person is exposed to Rh-negative blood. C) The largest percentage of people in the U.S. are Rh-negative. D) Rh-negative individuals can often receive many transfusions of Rh-positive blood before they have a transfusion reaction

e

____ are phagocytic, have a trilobed nucleus, and make up the largest percentage of leukocytes. A) Basophils B) Eosinophils C) Lymphocytes D) Monocytes E) Neutrophils

a

____and___affect almost every aspect of the clotting process. a. Calcium and vitamin K. b. Calcium and vitamin B12. c. Sodium and vitamin K. d. Sodium and vitamin B12.

b

an individual who lives at a high altitude may normally have an increased RBC count because A)high altitudes cause vascular fluid loss, leading to hemoconcentration. B)hypoxia caused by decreased atmospheric oxygen stimulates erythropoiesis. C)the function of the spleen in removing old RBCs is impaired at high altitudes. D)impaired production of leukocytes and patelets leads to proportionally higher red cell counts

38ºc 7.4

blood temperature is approximately __?__ and blood ph averages __?__

b

considering rh blood types which of the below situations would result in maternal antibodies attacking the fetus? a. Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh negative b. Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive c. Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh negative d. Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh positive.

increase in hematocrit

dehydration would cause

store iron

ferritin is used to

four protein chains and four heme groups

hemoglobin molecule is composed of

prothrombinase

once this is formed intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are identical

55 92

plasma contributes approximately ______percent of the volume of whole blood, and water accounts for _____percent of the plasma volume

hemopoiesis

process by which formed elements the blood developed is called

plasma minus fibrinogen

serum is

epo

stimulates proliferation of red blood cells in red bone marrow

wbc rbc platelets

the formed elements of blood include

rbc

the hematocrit is composed of

emigration

the process of white blood cell squeezing between cells o exit the blood vessel is called

heme

the waste product bilirubin is formed from

monocyte

which of the following is a phagocyte monocyte platelet lymphocyte basophil eosinophil

basophil

which of the following promotes inflammation eosinophil monocyte lymphocyte basophil neutrophil

platelet

which of the following reduces blood loss erythrocyte platelet lymphocyte basophil neutrophil