blood ch 10

Blood normally clots in approximately ________.

3 to 6 minutes

Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1) basophil 2) eosinophil 3) lymphocyte 4) monocyte 5) neutrophil

5, 3, 4, 2, 1

normal blood ph falls into a range between __________ & ____________

7.35 & 7.45

The blood type that contains both antigens A and B is ________.

AB

plasma includes many dissolved substances:

Nutrients , Salts (electrolytes), Respiratory gases, Hormones, Plasma proteins, Waste products

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________.

a thrombus

Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from ________.

accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

albumin

Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________.

an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.

anemia

A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the ________.

antigen

Which of these blood types carries no antigens?

blood type O

The ion essential for blood clotting is ________.

calcium

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called ________.

cross matching

The process by which white blood cells travel through the wall of blood vessels is termed ________.

diapedesis

During coagulation, long, hairlike molecules known as ________ form the basis for a clot.

fibrin

Which of the following insoluble fibers forms a mesh network and the basis for the formation of a clot during coagulation?

fibrin

The two major groups of white blood cells are ________.

granulocytes and agranulocytes

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.

hematocrit

What part of red blood cell binds and transports oxygen

hemoglobin

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called ________.

hemolytic disease of the newborn

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as ________.

hemophilia

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

hemophilia

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called ________.

hemostasis

The series of reactions that stop blood flow following a cut is called ________.

hemostasis

Low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the release of erythropoietin by the ________.

kidneys

Erythrocytes ________.

lack a nucleus and most organelles

Buffy coat contains

leukocytes and platelets

In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________.

leukocytes and platelets

A total white blood cell count above 11,000 cells/mm3 is a condition known as ________.

leukocytosis

Which type of granulocyte produces antibodies?

lymphocytes

Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a ________.

megakaryocyte

Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cells called ________.

megakaryocytes

The most numerous of the white blood cells are the ________

neutrophils

Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes?

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

The matrix of blood is called ________.

plasma

the matrix of blood is called_________

plasma

Blood is ________.

slightly alkaline

What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation?

thrombin

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?

to inhibit the formation of clots

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

The average functional lifespan of an RBC is ________.

100-120 days

Normal whole blood contains ________ g of hemoglobin per 100 mL.

12-18

plasma is composed of:

90% water

The ABO blood groups are based on two antigens: antigen ________ and antigen ________.

A; B

Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called ________.

antigens

Which blood type contains the A antigen only?

blood type A

Treatment of hemophilia often involves ________.

transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain ________.

a nucleus and most organelles

The process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump is called ________.

agglutination

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.

agglutination

Which type of leukocyte contains heparin, an anticoagulant?

basophil

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?

blood type O

In a healthy man....

blood volume is about 5-6 liters, or about 6 quarts

blood is the only

fluid tissue, connective tissue

components of blood cells

formed elements (living cells, plasma(not living fluid matrix)

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________.

granulocytes

in a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat stimulated between the formed elements and the plasma contains....

leukocytes and platlets

Jordan works in a hematology lab and received a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood for a patient. He determines this patient has ________

leukocytosis

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as ________.

leukopenia

The organ largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors is the ________.

liver

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________.

physiologic jaundice

The application of a sterile gauze to a cut aids with ________.

platelet plug formation

Life at a high altitude can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as ________.

polycythemia

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may result from life at a higher altitude?

polycythemia

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________.

positive

Where does hematopoiesis produce new red blood cells?

red bone marrow

An immature RBC which contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n) ________.

reticulocyte

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________.

30 percent

Each hemoglobin molecule is able to transport ________ molecules of oxygen.

4 (four)

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) ________.

B, O

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?

Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood.

What is the buffy coat?

Buffy coat is a thin, whitish layer between the erythrocytes and plasma

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________.

RhoGAM

when blood is separated

erthryocytes sink to bottom (45% of blood)

The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is ________.

O

If blood is centrifuged:

Plasma rises to the top (55 percent of blood)

The formation of an insoluble clot during hemostasis is termed ________.

coagulation

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?

erythrocyte

The hematocrit is the percentage of ________.

erythrocytes in blood

The rate of erythrocyte production is controlled by a hormone known as ________.

erythropoietin

Bleeding disorders often result from a lack of which one of the following vitamins

vitamin K