BMS 310 Exam 2

Which of the following best describes why ketoacidosis develops in a person with type 1 diabetes mellitus? A) increased rate of glycolysis in liver hepatocytes B) incomplete metabolism of free fatty acids C) over secretion of insulin from cells in the pancreas D) increased hydrolysis of ATP E) lack of oxygen to run the oxidative reactions in body cells

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Which of the following statements best describes how thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels change in primary hyperthyroidism? A) TSH levels decrease due to high levels of T3 and T4. B) TSH levels increase due to high levels of T3 and T4. C) TSH levels decrease due to low levels of T3 and T4. D) TSH levels increase due to low levels of T3 and T4.

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Which statement about Huntington's disease (HD) is true? A) the substantial nigra undergoes prograssive degeneration B) children of HD patients show symptoms when they are born C) HD is a sex-linked genetically inherited disorder that only afflicts males D) HD is caused by enlargement of the lateral ventricles of the brain E) HD is an example of a hyperkinetic movement disorder

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According to the immunopathology theory of multiple sclerosis (MS), lymphocytes are believed to become sensitized to which of the following proteins? A) a protein in CNS myelin B) beta amyloid precursor protein C) collagen D) Huntingtin protein E) alpha synuclein protein

A) a protein in CNS myelin

Which of the following histochemical changes would NOT be consistent with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease? A) demyelination of the lateral corticospinal tract in the spinal cord B) lewy body formation in nigral neurons C) reduction of dopamine innervation in the striatum D) loss of dopamine cell bodies in the substantia nigra E) loss of melanin in the substantia nigra

A) demyelination of the lateral corticospinal tract in the spinal cord

Which of the following is the medical term used to describe a type of pathology in which there is obvious bleeding into brain tissue? A) intracerebral hematoma B) diffuse axonal injury C) epidural hematoma D) subdural hematoma

A) intracerebral hematoma

Homonymous hemianopsia is best described by which of the following? A) loss of the same half of both visual fields B) a sudden explosive disorderly discharge of neurons C) total blindness in only one eye D) loss of peripheral vision

A) loss of the same half of both visual fields

Which of the following is the best description of Alzheimer's disease (AD)? A) AD is an autoimmune disorder B) AD is progressive neurodegenerative disease C) AD is a reversible neurological disorder D) AD arises due to cerebrovascular accident (stroke) in the cerebellum E) AD symptoms are caused by exclusive loss of upper and lower motor neurons

B) AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease

Which of the following best describes what the Glasgow coma scale is used to assess? A) accurately predicting the amount of of time a person will remain in a coma B) the current level of consciousness in a person with brain injury C) blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate of a person in coma D) accurately predicting if as person in coma will ever walk again

B) the current level of consciousness in a person with brain injury

Which of the following is not consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)? A) decreased water loss by the kidney B) an expanded blood volume C) hypernatremia D) decreased plasma osmolarity E) increased water retention by the kidney

C) hypernatremia

What part of the temporal lobe can adversely alter vital centers of life when it herniates? A) hippocampus B) Broca's area C) uncus D) basal ganglia E) cingulate gyrus

C) uncus

Which of the following statements about a person diagnosed with acromegaly (due to increased growth hormone) is false? A) The person will develop enlarged tongue, jaw, forehead, hands, and feet. B) The person will develop increased insulin resistance. C) The person will have increased sebaceous and sweat gland activity. D) The person will grow taller.

D) The person will grow taller.

The word "lateral" in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis refers to grossly, visible changes in which of the following structures? A) vastus lateralis B) lateral ventricles C) lateral surface of the cerebral cortex D) lateral corticospinal tracts E) lateral spinothalamic tract

D) lateral corticospinal tracts

Which of the following results from a thrombus that completely occludes the right anterior cerebral artery? A) paralysis in the face on the left side B) paralysis in the upper limb on the right side C) an intention tremor in the right arm and right leg D) loss of motor and sensory functions in the left lower limb

D) loss of motor and sensory functions in the left lower limb

Changes in which hormone cause the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome? A) high levels of thyroid hormone (TH) B) low levels of ACTH C) high levels of insulin D) low levels of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) E) high levels of cortisol

E) high levels of cortisol