Bone Growth and Remodeling Quiz
Which type of bone growth makes the bones thicker and stronger?
Appositional
Where are the epiphyseal plates located?
At the epiphyses.
What causes bone to grow thicker?
Increased compression from vertical growth, exercise, microfractures caused by muscles pulling on bones.
What IS an effect of calcitonin?
Increased osteoblast activity.
Which type of bone growth forms the bones of the skulls and the clavicles?
Intramembranous.
Which type of bone growth makes it easier for the fetal skeleton to fit through the birth canal?
Intramembranous.
What happens to the cartilage model?
It is replaced by bone, the cartilage cells die, becomes the epiphyseal plates.
Which bones develop by endochondral ossification?
Long bones
What is occurring during reversal?
Mononuclear cells appear on the surface to prepare it for osteoblasts.
What is occurring during resorption?
Osteoclasts digest the bone tissue which releases calcium.
True or False: Cartilage turns into bone during development
False
The 1st step of endochondral ossification?
Fetal hyaline cartilage develops into a bone model.
What is another word for "ossification"?
Osteogenesis
What is the 3rd step in Bone Remodeling?
Formation
When blood calcium levels are low, what hormone triggers the breakdown of bone and absorption of calcium?
Parathyroid hormone.
What hormone triggers the lengthening of bones?
Growth hormone.
Where is the 1st (primary) ossification center?
In the diaphysis.
Where do the secondary ossification develop?
In the epiphyses.
What is the 1st step in Bone Remodeling?
Resorption
What is the 2nd step in Bone Remodeling?
Reversal
What signifies the end of the endochondral ossification?
The calcification of the epiphyseal plate, the complete replacement of cartilage with bone, the presence of an epiphyseal line.
What starts the degeneration of the cartilage model?
The development of a bone collar around the diaphysis.
What is the epiphyseal plate?
The remaining cartilage that grows throughout childhood.
What is NOT the purpose of bone remodeling?
To continuously thicken bone to prevent osteoporosis.
True or Fales: Intramembranous ossification begins with stem cell fibers that differentiate into bone.
True
What triggers bone remodeling?
Blood calcium level deviation over 10 mg/100 ml
What is Bone Remodeling?
Bone metabolism, process of containing blood calcium levels, cyclical synthesis and destruction of bone tissue.
When blood calcium gets too high, which hormone triggers the calcification of bone?
Calcitonin
What is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone?
Decrease in calcium in the blood.
When does bone develop begin?
During the first trimester (1-12 weeks)
Which type of bone growth starts with a blueprint of hyaline cartilage?
Endochondral
What is another word for "growth plate"?
Epiphyseal Plate.
If your blood calcium gets too low, what are some of the consequences?
Not enough calcium for muscle contractions, not enough calcium for tissue repair, not enough calcium for nerve impulses.
Where is new bone laid down in appositional growth?
On the surface of bone.
What is occurring during formation?
Osteoblasts lay down new bone until the resorbed bone is replaced.