Bone repair sequence

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What is the fibrocartilaginous callus comprised of

Collagen, cartilage, and bone spicules

Describe step 4 of the healing sequence

Dead tissue is removed. Trabeculae are molded into compact bone. Original bone structure is restored

What is the external callus

Deep to the periosteum

What is a hematoma

Mass of clotted blood

When does step 1 of the healing sequence occur

In the ER

What is the internal callus

Inside surface

What are the four steps of the healing (repair) sequence

1. Formation of a fracture hematoma 2. Fibrocartiliganous callus formation 3. Bony callus formation 4. Bone remodeling

When does step 4 of the healing sequence occur

A couple months

Describe step 1 of the healing sequence

Blood vessels at fracture site are disrupted. Blood acculates as a fracture hematoma

Describe step 2 of the healing sequence

Cells in the area die and tissue is inflamed. Capillaries regrow into the area of the hematoma. Phagocytic cells clean up the area. Proliferation of fibroblasts form a cellular tissue around the fracture and between the broken ends. Some fibrobroblasts differentiate into chondroblasts. They secrete cartilage matrix

What is the mass of repair tissue

Fibrocartilaginous callus

What are the two types of reduction that can occur

Open and closed

Describe step 3 of the healing sequence

Osteoblasts in the more vascularized areas begin to form spongy bone. Trabeculae gradually fuse together. Fibrocartilage is converted into spongy bone. Bony calluses form

When does step 3 of the healing sequence occur

Within a week

What happens during closed/non-surgery reduction

Reduction without exposing bones through surgery

What causes reduction during fracture repair

Setting the fracture

What happens during open reduction

Surgical exposure of bones is needed to put bones into alignment


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