BSC 216 Ch. 17 Heart
Place the following parts of the cardiac conduction system in the order in which they transmit the action potential. 1) atrioventricular (AV) bundle 2) Purkinje fibers 3) sinoatrial (SA) node 4) right and left bundle branches 5) contractile cells of cardiac muscle tissue 6) atrioventricular (AV) node -3, 6, 4, 1, 2, 5 -3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5 -3, 1, 6, 4, 5, 2 -3, 1, 6, 4, 2, 5
3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5
Which part of the electrocardiogram (ECG) would most be affected by abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles? -T wave -QRS wave -R-T interval -P wave
QRS wave
Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate? -P-R interval -Q-T interval -S-T segment -R-R interval
R-R interval
The right and left coronary arteries receive blood from the: -pulmonary trunk. -superior vena cava. -aorta. -coronary sinus.
aorta
What vessel delivers oxygenated blood to systemic capillaries for gas exchange? -circumflex artery -pulmonary trunk -aorta -coronary artery
aorta
Where should the left ventricle send blood? -coronary sinus -left atrium -pulmonary trunk -aorta
aorta
If a drop of blood is located in the left ventricle, through what structure will it next pass? -aortic semilunar valve -bicuspid valve -pulmonary trunk -aorta
aortic semilunar valve
The P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of cells in the: -atria. -ventricles. -atrioventricular (AV) node. -sinoatrial (SA) node.
atria
What is NOT part of the cardiac conduction system? -atrioventricular (AV) valve -atrioventricular (AV) bundle -atrioventricular (AV) node -sinoatrial sinoatrial (SA) node
atrioventricular (AV) valve
What action causes the first heart sound heard through a stethoscope? -opening of the semilunar valves -closing of the semilunar valves -opening of the atrioventricular valves -closing of the atrioventricular valves
closing of the atrioventricular valves
What action causes the second heart sound heard through a stethoscope? -opening of the semilunar valves -opening of the atrioventricular valves -closing of the semilunar valves -closing of the atrioventricular valves
closing of the semilunar valves
the right side of the heart receives -oxygenated blood from the systemic circuit -deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit -deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit
deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit
High pressured blood in the ventricles: -forces the semilunar valves open. -forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves open. -forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves shut. -forces the AV valves open.
forces the semilunar valves open
Which structure is a remnant of the foramen ovale? -fossa ovalis -aortic semilunar valve -left atrium -tricuspid valve
fossa ovalis
Coronary circulation involves the delivery of oxygenated blood to the: -liver. -lungs. -heart. -brain.
heart
What characteristic differentiates cardiac muscle cells from skeletal muscle cells? -excitability -intercalated discs -striations -sarcoplasmic reticulum
intercalated discs
Which structure separates the right and left ventricles? -chordae tendineae -right atrium -right ventricle -interventricular septum
interventricular septum
Blood returning from the lungs enters the __________. -right ventricle -left ventricle -left atrium -right atrium
left atrium
Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins? -left atrium -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle
left atrium
If a drop of blood is located in aorta and needs to go to the infero-anterior apex of the heart, what vessel will it pass through next? -left coronary artery -pulmonary artery -posterior interventricular artery -right coronary artery
left coronary artery
Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit? -right ventricle -left ventricle -left atrium -right atrium
left ventricle
the pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the: -brain -lungs -body -liver
lungs
Blood in the pulmonary veins is: -oxygenated -leaving the heart to go to the systemic circuit -deoxygenated -entering the heart and going to the lungs
oxygenated
What muscles, present in the ventricles, anchor by tendon-like chords called chordae tendineae? -papillary muscles -ligamentum arteriosum -pectinate muscles -trabeculae carneae
papillary muscles
The AV valves close when __________. -pressure in the aorta increases -pressure in the ventricles decreases -pressure in the atria increases -pressure in the ventricles increases
pressure in the ventricles increases
What is the function of the valves in the heart? -eliminate pressure variances within the heart -promote contraction of the ventricles -invert during contraction of the ventricles -prevent backflow of blood through the heart
prevent backflow of blood through the heart
Blood that leaves the right ventricle enters the __________. -pulmonary trunk -aorta -pulmonary veins -vena cavae
pulmonary trunk
Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base? -superior vena cava -pulmonary trunk -coronary sinus -pulmonary vein
pulmonary trunk
Which of the following does NOT return blood to the right atrium of the heart? -superior vena cava -pulmonary vein -inferior vena cava -coronary sinus
pulmonary vein
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood? -pulmonary trunk -pulmonary artery -superior vena cava -pulmonary vein
pulmonary vein
The rapid influx of sodium ions into contractile cells creates a positive membrane potential inside the cell and initiates the: -rapid depolarization phase. -repolarization phase. -plateau phase. -initial repolarization phase.
rapid depolarization phase
What valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium? -right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve) -pulmonary valve -left atrioventricular valve (mitral or bicuspid valve) -aortic valve
right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)
which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae? -left atrium -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle
right atrium
Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk? -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle -left atrium
right ventricle
What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart? -atrioventricular (AV) bundle -Purkinje fiber system -sinoatrial (SA) node -atrioventricular (AV) node
sinoatrial (SA) node
The vessels that deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body are part of the __________. -systemic circuit -conducting circuit -coronary circuit -pulmonary circuit
systemic circuit
Which of the following happens immediately after the P wave? -The atria relax. -The ventricles relax. -The atria contract. -The ventricles contract.
the atria contract
What causes striations in the cardiac muscle cells? -the overlapping of the actin and myosin proteins of the myofilaments -the presence of the intercalated discs -the abundance of mitochondria -the presence of myofibril contractile organelles
the overlapping of the actin and myosin proteins of the myofilaments
What activity is occurring in the heart during the Q-T interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG)? -The ventricular cells are repolarizing. -The AV node delay occurs as the action potential spreads from the SA node to the atria to the ventricles. -The atrial cells are undergoing action potentials. -The ventricular cells are undergoing action potentials.
the ventricular cells are undergoing action potentials
Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the: -mitral valve and into the left ventricle. -tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. -pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk. -pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary capillaries
tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle
T/F: Pressure in the aorta is greater than pressure in the pulmonary trunk; therefore, the left ventricle has to generate a greater pressure than the right ventricle in order to eject blood from the heart.
true
T/F: The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body.
true
T/F: The left ventricle has greater muscle mass than the right ventricle since it pumps against greater resistance.
true
the heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps
two
Both the left and right atria receive blood from: -veins -arteries -the ventricles -the lungs
veins
During what phase does blood flow from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta? -isovolumetric contraction phase -ventricular filling -isovolumetric relaxation phase -ventricular ejection phase
ventricular ejection phase
