BSC 216 Ch. 17 Heart

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Place the following parts of the cardiac conduction system in the order in which they transmit the action potential. 1) atrioventricular (AV) bundle 2) Purkinje fibers 3) sinoatrial (SA) node 4) right and left bundle branches 5) contractile cells of cardiac muscle tissue 6) atrioventricular (AV) node -3, 6, 4, 1, 2, 5 -3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5 -3, 1, 6, 4, 5, 2 -3, 1, 6, 4, 2, 5

3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5

Which part of the electrocardiogram (ECG) would most be affected by abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles? -T wave -QRS wave -R-T interval -P wave

QRS wave

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate? -P-R interval -Q-T interval -S-T segment -R-R interval

R-R interval

The right and left coronary arteries receive blood from the: -pulmonary trunk. -superior vena cava. -aorta. -coronary sinus.

aorta

What vessel delivers oxygenated blood to systemic capillaries for gas exchange? -circumflex artery -pulmonary trunk -aorta -coronary artery

aorta

Where should the left ventricle send blood? -coronary sinus -left atrium -pulmonary trunk -aorta

aorta

If a drop of blood is located in the left ventricle, through what structure will it next pass? -aortic semilunar valve -bicuspid valve -pulmonary trunk -aorta

aortic semilunar valve

The P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of cells in the: -atria. -ventricles. -atrioventricular (AV) node. -sinoatrial (SA) node.

atria

What is NOT part of the cardiac conduction system? -atrioventricular (AV) valve -atrioventricular (AV) bundle -atrioventricular (AV) node -sinoatrial sinoatrial (SA) node

atrioventricular (AV) valve

What action causes the first heart sound heard through a stethoscope? -opening of the semilunar valves -closing of the semilunar valves -opening of the atrioventricular valves -closing of the atrioventricular valves

closing of the atrioventricular valves

What action causes the second heart sound heard through a stethoscope? -opening of the semilunar valves -opening of the atrioventricular valves -closing of the semilunar valves -closing of the atrioventricular valves

closing of the semilunar valves

the right side of the heart receives -oxygenated blood from the systemic circuit -deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit -deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit

deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

High pressured blood in the ventricles: -forces the semilunar valves open. -forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves open. -forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves shut. -forces the AV valves open.

forces the semilunar valves open

Which structure is a remnant of the foramen ovale? -fossa ovalis -aortic semilunar valve -left atrium -tricuspid valve

fossa ovalis

Coronary circulation involves the delivery of oxygenated blood to the: -liver. -lungs. -heart. -brain.

heart

What characteristic differentiates cardiac muscle cells from skeletal muscle cells? -excitability -intercalated discs -striations -sarcoplasmic reticulum

intercalated discs

Which structure separates the right and left ventricles? -chordae tendineae -right atrium -right ventricle -interventricular septum

interventricular septum

Blood returning from the lungs enters the __________. -right ventricle -left ventricle -left atrium -right atrium

left atrium

Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins? -left atrium -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle

left atrium

If a drop of blood is located in aorta and needs to go to the infero-anterior apex of the heart, what vessel will it pass through next? -left coronary artery -pulmonary artery -posterior interventricular artery -right coronary artery

left coronary artery

Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit? -right ventricle -left ventricle -left atrium -right atrium

left ventricle

the pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the: -brain -lungs -body -liver

lungs

Blood in the pulmonary veins is: -oxygenated -leaving the heart to go to the systemic circuit -deoxygenated -entering the heart and going to the lungs

oxygenated

What muscles, present in the ventricles, anchor by tendon-like chords called chordae tendineae? -papillary muscles -ligamentum arteriosum -pectinate muscles -trabeculae carneae

papillary muscles

The AV valves close when __________. -pressure in the aorta increases -pressure in the ventricles decreases -pressure in the atria increases -pressure in the ventricles increases

pressure in the ventricles increases

What is the function of the valves in the heart? -eliminate pressure variances within the heart -promote contraction of the ventricles -invert during contraction of the ventricles -prevent backflow of blood through the heart

prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Blood that leaves the right ventricle enters the __________. -pulmonary trunk -aorta -pulmonary veins -vena cavae

pulmonary trunk

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base? -superior vena cava -pulmonary trunk -coronary sinus -pulmonary vein

pulmonary trunk

Which of the following does NOT return blood to the right atrium of the heart? -superior vena cava -pulmonary vein -inferior vena cava -coronary sinus

pulmonary vein

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood? -pulmonary trunk -pulmonary artery -superior vena cava -pulmonary vein

pulmonary vein

The rapid influx of sodium ions into contractile cells creates a positive membrane potential inside the cell and initiates the: -rapid depolarization phase. -repolarization phase. -plateau phase. -initial repolarization phase.

rapid depolarization phase

What valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium? -right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve) -pulmonary valve -left atrioventricular valve (mitral or bicuspid valve) -aortic valve

right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae? -left atrium -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle

right atrium

Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk? -left ventricle -right atrium -right ventricle -left atrium

right ventricle

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart? -atrioventricular (AV) bundle -Purkinje fiber system -sinoatrial (SA) node -atrioventricular (AV) node

sinoatrial (SA) node

The vessels that deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body are part of the __________. -systemic circuit -conducting circuit -coronary circuit -pulmonary circuit

systemic circuit

Which of the following happens immediately after the P wave? -The atria relax. -The ventricles relax. -The atria contract. -The ventricles contract.

the atria contract

What causes striations in the cardiac muscle cells? -the overlapping of the actin and myosin proteins of the myofilaments -the presence of the intercalated discs -the abundance of mitochondria -the presence of myofibril contractile organelles

the overlapping of the actin and myosin proteins of the myofilaments

What activity is occurring in the heart during the Q-T interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG)? -The ventricular cells are repolarizing. -The AV node delay occurs as the action potential spreads from the SA node to the atria to the ventricles. -The atrial cells are undergoing action potentials. -The ventricular cells are undergoing action potentials.

the ventricular cells are undergoing action potentials

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the: -mitral valve and into the left ventricle. -tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. -pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk. -pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary capillaries

tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

T/F: Pressure in the aorta is greater than pressure in the pulmonary trunk; therefore, the left ventricle has to generate a greater pressure than the right ventricle in order to eject blood from the heart.

true

T/F: The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body.

true

T/F: The left ventricle has greater muscle mass than the right ventricle since it pumps against greater resistance.

true

the heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps

two

Both the left and right atria receive blood from: -veins -arteries -the ventricles -the lungs

veins

During what phase does blood flow from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta? -isovolumetric contraction phase -ventricular filling -isovolumetric relaxation phase -ventricular ejection phase

ventricular ejection phase


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