BSC Chap 5 Practice Test
A relaxed spring is to a compressed spring as __________ is to __________.
ADP ... ATP
Most cellular work is accomplished by __________ energizing molecules by __________ them.
ATP ... transferring a phosphate group to
Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is correct?
An enzyme is very specific in terms of which substrates it can bind.
Cells A and B are the same size and shape, but cell A is metabolically quiet, and cell B is actively consuming oxygen. Oxygen will diffuse more quickly into cell __________ because __________.
B ... the diffusion gradient there is steeper
Which of the following statements is true about passive transport?
Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.
Which one of the following is an example of entropy?
The aerobic respiration of glucose generates heat.
According to entropy, which of the following is true?
The ordering of one system depends on the disordering of another.
The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%. Sucrose cannot pass through the membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in which of the following solutions?
a hypertonic sucrose solution
The total solute concentration in a red blood cell is about 2%. Sucrose cannot pass through a red blood cell's plasma membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis will cause such a cell to shrink the most when the cell is immersed in which of the following?
a hypertonic sucrose solution
When in solution, a molecule that moves slowly across an artificial membrane moves rapidly across a plasma membrane. This occurs regardless of whether the concentration of this molecule is higher inside or outside the cell. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most likely to be responsible for the movement of the molecule across a plasma membrane?
active transport
Which of these types of cellular transport require(s) energy?
active transport
If someone at the other end of a restaurant smokes a cigarette, you may breathe in some smoke. The movement of smoke is similar to what type of transport?
diffusion
A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother's milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby's digestive tract via __________.
endocytosis
The secretion of neurotransmitters out of the nerve cell, from small vesicles at the end of the axon, can be considered an example of __________.
exocytosis
Which of the following is the best example of a substance that contains chemical energy?
food that you eat
If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell.
hypotonic
Seawater is dangerous to drink because __________
seawater is hypertonic to your body tissues and drinking it will cause you to lose water by osmosis
Succinylcholine is structurally almost identical to acetylcholine, but if combined with the enzyme that normally hydrolyzes acetylcholine, the enzyme is no longer able to hydrolyze acetylcholine. This suggests that _________.
succinylcholine must be an inhibitor of the enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine
In which of the following is energy available for cellular work stored?
the triphosphate tail of ATP