BSC Unit3 IIII

Select all of the following methods that are used in the detection of genetic diseases.

- Amniocentesis - DNA microarrays - DNA sequencing

Select all of the following applications of using CRISPR

- CRISPR can be used to target specific genes and replace mutated nucleotides with correct ones. - CRISPR can be used to cause a break in a gene, inactivating it, and allowing researchers to study its role in the body.

Which of the following statements best describes how CRISPR can be used to treat sickle-cell disease?

- CRISPR can reduce the impacts of sickle-cell disease on patients. - CRISPR can repair the mutation that causes sickle-cell disease.

Which of the following technologies analyzes the genome to best determine the presence or absence of a genetic disease in a person?

DNA sequencing

Which of the following best explains the differences in the process of in vivo versus ex vivo gene therapy?

During in vivo gene therapy, gene manipulation occurs within the body. During ex-vivo gene therapy, gene manipulation occurs outside of the body.

DNA sequencing

Involves using radioactive dyes to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides in a gene or piece of DNA

Which statement describes how genome editing can be used to treat genetic diseases?

- Genome editing can inactivate certain genes, preventing them from causing disease. - Genome editing can replace nucleotides to correct mutations that cause genetic disease.

Select all of the following likely reasons why DNA would be obtained and tested.

- To test for the presence or absence of genes that cause genetic diseases - To test for changes in chromosome number

Select all of the following that correctly describe how DNA may be analyzed for mutations.

- Using genetic markers that show variations in known DNA sequences - Using DNA microarrays to determine if genes are being expressed - Using DNA sequencing to determine the sequence of nucleotides in known genes

Select all of the following ways that gene therapy is being used to treat sickle-cell disease.

-Ex vivo gene therapy is used to produce bone marrow cells that can produce normal hemoglobin. - Bone marrow of diseased mice were infected with viruses containing normal hemoglobin B genes and reinserted back into the mice.

Which of the following best describes an overview of the CRISPR system of genome editing?

CRISPR allows for nucleotides to be inserted or deleted within genes.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the process of genome editing?

Genome editing allows for the targeting and replacement of specific DNA sequences.

Which of the following best describes how genome editing systems like CRISPR can treat genetic diseases?

Genome editing systems can remove and replace nucleotides, preventing mutations that result in genetic disease.

DNA Microarrays

Involves applying specific genes to a glass slide and incubating them with complementary cDNA to determine if gene expression is occurring or not

Genetic markers

Involves using restriction enzymes to cut DNA in predictable locations and comparing the outcomes from diseased and nondiseased individuals to determine if a person has a genetic disease

A visual inspection of the chromosomes is called a(n)

Karyotype

What is the goal for obtaining and testing DNA?

The goal is to determine the presence or absence of genetic differences that could determine disease state.

Chorionic villus sampling

The process of inserting a tube through the vagina into the uterus to collect samples of chorion tissue for genetic analysis

Amniocentesis

The process of passing a long needle through the abdominal and uterine walls to collect amniotic fluid for genetic analysis.

What is the purpose of a vector in gene therapy?

Vectors are used to deliver the genetic material to the target cells.

Both chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis collect fetal cell samples from the pregnant mother. However, during _____, a needle is passed through the abdomen and uterine walls to collect the samples; and during _____, a suction tube is inserted through the vagina into the uterus to collect the samples.

amniocentesis; chorionic villus sampling

The process of ______ ____________ allows for the broad-use targeting and replacement of specific DNA sequences.

genome editing

Ex vivo gene therapy can be used to treat sickle-cell disease by inserting corrected genes into the bone marrow of those with the disease. The goal is to produce new cells that can produce normal _____ proteins.

hemoglobin

___________ are used to insert normal genes into cells outside the human body in what is called ex vivo gene therapy.

vectors

Which of the following is an actual application of using CRISPR?

CRISPR can be used to cause a break in a gene, inactivating it, and allowing researchers to study its role in the body.

CRISPR uses the ________ enzyme to identify specific sequences of DNA that need to be edited.

Cas9

During the process of _____, the fluid surrounding the fetus is collected to use for testing fetal DNA. During the process of _____, pieces of the tissue are removed from the developing embryo and used for testing fetal DNA.

amniocentesis; chorionic villus sampling

A type of gene therapy called _____ __________ gene therapy occurs when vectors carry new genetic material into the body to manipulate body cells' genetic material.

in vivo