C++ 01 Syntax Beginner Level

How do you denote comments in C++ code?

'//' for single-line comments or '/* */' for multi-line comments.

How do you write a 'for' loop in C++?

'for (initialization; condition; increment) { // code to repeat }'

How do you use the 'new' operator to create an object in C++?

'int *ptr = new int;'

What is a function in C++?

A block of code that performs a specific task and can be called from other parts of the program.

What is a 'class' in C++?

A blueprint for creating objects that have data members and member functions.

What is 'destructor' in C++?

A special member function of a class that is automatically called when an object is destroyed or goes out of scope.

What is 'constructor' in C++?

A special member function of a class that is automatically called when an object of the class is created.

What is a 'pointer' in C++?

A variable that stores the memory address of another variable.

How do you create a derived class that inherits from a base class in C++?

By specifying the base class as a colon (:) followed by the access mode in the class declaration, like 'class Derived : public Base { /* class definition */ };'

How do you declare a function in C++?

Specify its return type, name, and any parameters it takes, like 'int add(int a, int b);'

How do you declare a pointer in C++?

Specify the data type followed by an asterisk (*) and the pointer name, like 'int *ptr;'

What is 'encapsulation' in C++?

The practice of bundling data and the methods that operate on that data into a single unit, called a class.

How do you display a message to the console in C++?

Use 'cout' followed by the '<<' operator, like 'cout << "Hello, World!";'

How do you declare a constructor in C++?

With the same name as the class, and it does not have a return type, like 'MyClass() { /* constructor code */ }'

What is the syntax for a function call in C++?

Write the function name followed by parentheses and any required arguments, like 'result = add(5, 3);'

How do you declare a destructor in C++?

Wth the same name as the class preceded by a tilde (~), like '~MyClass() { /* destructor code */ }'

What is the difference between 'while' and 'for' loops in C++?

'for' loops provide a more concise way to specify initialization, condition, and increment/decrement in a single line.

How do you use the 'else' statement in conjunction with an 'if' statement?

'if (condition) { // code if true } else { // code if false }'

How do you write an 'if' statement in C++?

'if (condition) { // code to execute if condition is true }'

How do you declare and initialize an array in C++?

'int numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};'

How do you write a 'while' loop in C++?

'while (condition) { // code to repeat }'

What is 'namespace' in C++?

A way to group related code and prevent naming conflicts by providing a unique scope for identifiers.

What is 'de-referencing' a pointer in C++?

Accessing the value pointed to by the pointer using the '*' operator, like 'int value = *ptr;'

How do you overload an operator in C++?

By defining a member function with the operator symbol as its name, like 'MyClass operator+(const MyClass& other);'

How do you overload a function in C++?

By defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameters, like 'void print(int x); void print(float y);'

How do you make data members of a class private in C++?

By specifying 'private:' in the class declaration, ensuring they can only be accessed within the class.

How do you define a constant in C++?

By using the 'const' keyword, like 'const int MAX_VALUE = 100;'

How do you declare a namespace in C++?

By using the 'namespace' keyword followed by the namespace name, like 'namespace MyNamespace { /* code */ }'

What is an 'array' in C++?

Collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations and accessed using an index.

What is the 'cin' object used for in C++?

For reading input from the console or standard input stream.

What is 'inheritance' in C++?

It allows a class to inherit the properties and behaviors of another class, creating a hierarchy of classes.

What is 'polymorphism' in C++?

It allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common base class, enabling method calls on objects of derived classes.

What is 'operator overloading' in C++?

It allows you to define custom behaviors for operators when applied to objects of a class.

What is 'overloading' of functions in C++?

It allows you to define multiple functions with the same name in a class, differing in the number or types of parameters.

What is the 'return' statement used for in a function?

It's used to specify the value that the function should return to the caller.

How do you achieve polymorphism in C++?

Through function overriding and virtual functions, using the 'virtual' keyword in the base class and 'override' keyword in the derived class.

What is the purpose of the 'new' operator in C++?

To dynamically allocate memory for objects on the heap.

What is a 'for' loop in C++?

To execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations.

What is the 'else' statement used for in C++?

To provide an alternative code block to execute if the 'if' condition is false.

What is the purpose of the 'while' loop in C++?

To repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.

How do you read user input in C++ using 'cin'?

Use 'cin' followed by the '>>' operator, like 'cin >> userInput;'

How do you define a class in C++?

Use the 'class' keyword followed by the class name and a block containing data members and member functions.

How do you access elements of an array in C++?

Use the array name followed by square brackets and the index, like 'int x = numbers[2];'

What is the purpose of the 'if' statement in C++?

Used for conditional execution of code based on a specified condition.

How do you declare a variable in C++?

by specifying its data type followed by its name, like 'int x;' declares an integer variable named 'x.'

What is a data type in C++?

defines the type of data that a variable can hold and the operations that can be performed on it.

What are some common built-in data types in C++?

int, float, double, char, and bool.

What is a variable in C++?

named storage location that can hold data of a specific type.

What is C++ syntax?

refers to the rules and conventions for writing code in the C++ programming language.

What are the two fundamental elements of a C++ program?

statements and functions.

What is the purpose of the 'int main()' function in a C++ program?

the entry point of a C++ program and serves as the starting point of execution.

What is the basic structure of a C++ program?

typically consists of a series of statements enclosed in curly braces within a function, starting with the 'main' function.

What is the purpose of the 'cout' object in C++?

used for outputting data to the console or standard output stream.