C H 13 Q U I Z

[1343] Examine the following code. What is stored in c after it runs. int f(int * p, int x) { **p = x ** 2; return x / 2; } . . . int a = 3, b, c; c = f(&b, a);

1

[1331] What is printed when you run this code? int num = 0; int *ptr = &num; num = 5; *ptr += 5; cout << num << " " << *ptr << endl;

10 10

[1329] What is printed when you run this code? int x(100); cout << &x << endl;

The memory location where x is stored

[1328] What is a common pointer error?

Using a pointer without first initializing it

[1325] What is true about this code? int * choice;

choice contains an undefined address

[1326] How can we print the address where n is located in memory? int n{500};

cout << &n << endl;

[1302] Assume that ppi correctly points to pi. Which line prints the value stored inside pi? int main() { double pi = 3.14159; double *ppi; // code goes here // code goes here }

cout << &pi; cout << ppi; cout << &ppi; cout << *pi; → None of these

[1304] Assume that ppi correctly points to pi. Which line prints the address of ppi? int main() { double pi = 3.14159; double *ppi; // code goes here // code goes here }

cout << &ppi;

[1303] Assume that ppi correctly points to pi. Which line prints the value stored inside pi? int main() { double pi = 3.14159; double *ppi; // code goes here // code goes here }

cout << *ppi;

[1305] Assume that ppi correctly points to pi. Which line prints the size (in bytes) of pi? int main() { double pi = 3.14159; double *ppi; // code goes here // code goes here }

cout << sizeof(*ppi);

[1350] Here is the pseudocode for the greenScreen() function in H12. What single statement sets the red, green and blue components to 0? Let p point the beginning of the image Set end to point just past the end While p != end If *(p + 3) is 0 (transparent) Clear all of the fields Increment p by 4

**(p) = ***(p + 1) = **(p + 2) = 0;

[1327] Which expression obtains the value that p points to? int x(100); int *p = &x;

*p

[1324] What is true about this code? int n{500}; int *p = &n;

*p is the value of n

[1310] The variable buf is a pointer to a region of memory storing contiguous int values. (This is similar to your homework, where you had a region of memory storing unsigned char values) The four lines shown here are legal. Which operation is illegal? int *p1 = buf; const int *p2 = buf; int * const p3 = buf; const int * p4 const = buf; p2++; *p1 = 3; *p3 = 5; p1++; *p2 = 7

*p2 = 7;

[1312] The variable buf is a pointer to a region of memory storing contiguous int values. (This is similar to your homework, where you had a region of memory storing unsigned char values.) The four lines shown here are legal. Which operation is legal? int *p1 = buf; const int *p2 = buf; int * const p3 = buf; const int * p4 const = buf;

*p3 = 5;

[1330] What is printed when you run this code? int n{}; int *p = &n; *p = 10; n = 20; cout << *p << endl;

20

[1345] Examine the following code. What is stored in a after it runs. int f(int * p, int x) { **p = x ** 2; return x / 2; } . . . int a = 3, b, c; c = f(&b, a);

3

[1344] Examine the following code. What is stored in b after it runs. int f(int * p, int x) { **p = x ** 2; return x / 2; } . . . int a = 3, b, c; c = f(&b, a);

6

[1314] These pointer should point to "nothing". Which is not correctly initialized? Star *ps = NULL; vector<int> *vp(0); int *pi = nullptr; double *pd{}; All are correctly initialized to point to nothing

All are correctly initialized to point to nothing

[1323] What is true about an uninitialized pointer?

Dereferencing it is undefined behavior

[1333] What is printed when you run this code? int *n{nullptr}; cout << *n << endl;

No compilation errors, but undefined behavior

[1337] What is printed when you run this code? int n{}; int *p; *p = n; cout << *p << endl;

No compilation errors, but undefined behavior when run

[1335] What is printed when you run this code? int *p = &0; cout << *p << endl;

No output; compiler error.

[1341] Which area of memory are local variables stored in?

Stack

[1342] Which area of memory are global variables stored in?

Static storage area

[1340] Which area of memory is your program code stored in?

Text

[1332] What is printed when you run this code? int *n{nullptr}; cout << n << endl;

The address value 0

[1334] What is printed when you run this code? int *n{nullptr}; cout << &n << endl;

The address value where n is stored

[1336] What is printed when you run this code? int n{}; int *p; *p = &n; cout << *p << endl;

Will not compile

[1339] Which of these is not one of the three characteristics of every variable?

alias

[1306] The value for the variable a is stored: int a = 1; void f(int b) { int c = 3; static int d = 4; }

in the static storage area

[1309] The value for the variable d is stored: int a = 1; void f(int b) { int c = 3; static int d = 4; }

in the static storage area

[1322] In C++, global variables are stored:

in the static storage area

[1318] All of these are legal C++ statements; which of them uses the C++ reference declarator? int a = 3, b = 4;

int &x = a;

[1317] All of these are legal C++ statements; which of them uses the C++ address operator? int a = 3, b = 4;

int *p = &a;

[1319] All of these are legal C++ statements; which of them uses the C++ pointer declarator? int a = 3, b = 4;

int *p = &b;

[1315] Which of these is the preferred way to initialize a pointer so that it points to "nothing"?

int *pi = nullptr;

[1320] All of these are legal C++ statements; which of them uses the C++ dereferencing operator? int a = 3, b = 4;

int x = *p;

[1321] All of these are legal C++ statements; which of them uses indirection? int a = 3, b = 4;

int x = *p;

[1307] The value for the variable b is stored: int a = 1; void f(int b) { int c = 3; static int d = 4; }

on the stack

[1308] The value for the variable c is stored: int a = 1; void f(int b) { int c = 3; static int d = 4; }

on the stack

[1348] Assume that p is a pointer to the first of 50 contiguous integers stored in memory. What is the address of the first integer appearing after this sequence of integers?

p + 50;

[1351] Here is a fragment of pseudocode for the negative() function in H12. What statement represents the underlined portion of code? Let p point to beginning of the image Let end be pixel one past the end of the image While p != end Invert the red component Move p to next component

p++;

[1349] Assume that p1 is a pointer to an integer and p2 is a pointer to a second integer. Both integers appear inside a large contiguous sequence in memory, with p2 storing a larger address. How many total integers are there in the slice between p1 and p2?

p2 - p1;

[1311] The variable buf is a pointer to a region of memory storing contiguous int values. (This is similar to your homework, where you had a region of memory storing unsigned char values.) The four lines shown here are legal. Which operation is illegal? int *p1 = buf; const int *p2 = buf; int * const p3 = buf; const int * p4 const = buf;

p3++;

[1338] What is the term used to describe a variable with stores a memory address?

pointer

[1301] Which line below points ppi to pi? int main() { double pi = 3.14159; double *ppi; // code goes here // code goes here }

ppi = &pi;

[1347] Examine this version of the swap() function, which is different than the two versions appearing in your text. How do you call it? void swap(int * x, int & y) { . . . } . . . int a = 3, b = 7; // What goes here ?

swap(&a, b);

[1346] Examine this version of the swap() function, which is different than the two versions appearing in your text. How do you call it? void swap(int& x, int * y) { . . . } . . . int a = 3, b = 7; // What goes here ?

swap(a, &b);

Used to access the data inside a variable -> variable name Determines the amount of memory required and the operations permitted on a variable -> variable type The meaning assigned to a set of bits stored at a memory location -> variable value An object whose value is an address in memory -> pointer Expression using the address operator -> p = &a; Expression using the reference declarator -> int x = 3; Expression using the dereferencing operator -> y = *a; Expression using the pointer declarator -> double * v; Expression returning the number of allocated bytes used by an object -> sizeof(Star) Address value 0 -> nullptr

variable name variable type variable value pointer p = &a; int x = 3; y = *a; double * v; sizeof(Star) nullptr

[1313] These pointer should point to "nothing". Which is not correctly initialized?

vector<int> *vp;