CADS 2000 Midterm

Eco-effectiveness

emulate natural systems-doing the right things!

Optimizing for a sustainable future means

ensuring that these pillars work together in sustainable development meant to create a better environment for everyone.

As the industrial revolution continued, retail market started moving away from centralized commerce started developing into decentralized commerce.

false

Before industrial revolution in 1970, the term "sustainability" has not been introduced by experts.

false

Frances Lowell was known as the "Father of the American Revolution".

false

Ritual refers to the habitual behaviors so ingrained that they are not conscious and is a subcomponent of mental model level of the ice berg.

false

The three pillars of sustainability, economic, social, and environmental are not interconnected.

false

Which of the following is true, based on the experience of French dairy farmers and Mexican avocado growers?

globalization opens new markets but also leads to new risks

Dematerialize

to use less of everything

According to the ice berg and systems thinking theory : "A systems thinker will ask about relationships to other activities within the system, look for patterns over time, and seek root causes."

true

For a sustainable future, the challenge is that we need all three works perfectly and simultaneously, despite knowing that they all involve tradeoffs and potentially pull in different directions.

true

The goal of sustainability is to create and maintain conditions, under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, that permit fulfilling the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations.

true

The ice berg model is the application of systems thinking theory.

true

The following sentence reflects the weakness of each of the pillars of sustainability: "A high standard of living, strong community life, and thriving economy that is built on exploiting other countries' natural resources far away will lead to environmental degradation, pollution, and migration that eventually undermines the social and economic fabric of even the richest countries."

weakness of social pillar

During the time of the Lowell factory Mills the work force was made up mostly of....?

young girls

Recycling

Process if converting waste materials into new materials

Downcycling

Process of converting materials into lower qualities than the original material.

Humans are separate from nature and need to control it to make our lives better and realize the greatest possible material progress. What does this sentence reflect?

Reductionist/dualist/myopic thinking

By the end of the 1920s, the United States was producing what percentage of the world's overall manufactured goods?

44%

Cradle to Cradle

A closed loop- creating products that can be broken down and circulated infinitely.

According to the lifecycle video #1, when we use a product on what three (3) levels do we identify with it ?

A,B, & C

Who are members of the International Criminal Court?

About half the countries in the world

Cradle to grave

An open loop - taking raw materials creating products throwing it away once used.

In Cradle to Cradle, the author uses what symbol to help explain eco-effectiveness?

B & C Cherry Tree and Ants

Imagine you work for a company that manufactures snowboards in China and sells them in Europe. What is the most efficient way to ship those snowboards from China to Europe?

By ship, loaded into containers

How are most pharmaceuticals manufactured?

Designed in the United States and manufactured abroad

In 1994, ......... coined the phrase "triple bottom line" as his way of measuring of....

Elkington, measuring the overall social, environmental, and economic performance of the company

What option can NOT be a tool for systems thinking?

Equitable

By applying the systems thinking, we can obtain find the perfect solution for the problem.

False

Systems thinking does not really help us to have a out of box insight about an phenomena.

False

Which of the following statements about globalization is correct?

Globalization has been around a long time, but it is faster and more widespread than it was centuries ago.

Which of the following claims opposed to globalization is supported by evidence?

Globalization if making wealthy individuals and corporations wealthier.

Out of the 8,000 chemicals analyzed as stated in TedTalk, how many of those chemicals remained after filtering out the harmful ones?

38

According to the lifecycle video 2, apparel production account for what percentage of global carbon emission?

10%

The industrial revolution took place form... to 1820/1840.

1760

During the industrial revolution women and children made up what fraction of the work force in Great Britain?

2/3

Three stage design process

LaBat & Sokolowski, 1999

Apparel Design process

Lamb & Kallal 1992

Which of the following is the correct order of the product lifecycle steps?

Natural resources & technical nutrients, manufacturing retail, use, trash

When we do not nee to use systems thinking for a problem ?

People have successfully tried to solve the problem before

What is the purpose of the World Trade Organization?

To manage international trade and resolve disputes

What is the purpose of NATO?

To safeguard its members' freedom and security

According to the lifecycle video 2, cotton uses more insecticide and pesticide than any other crop in the world.

True

An outcome Eco-efficiency is smaller amounts of useless waste.

True

Systems thinking is a holistic way to investigate factors and interactions that could contribute to a possible outcome.

True

The following statement can be considered as the benefit of applying systems thinking: "Systems thinking helps you move through a decision logically, continuously asking if this decision will impact anyone outside the scope."

True

Which of the following is NOT an effect of globalization on the movie industry?

the majority of box office revenue for Hollywood now comes from the United States

Product Plus

When a product or service has addictive you did not realize were included typically harmful to the environment.

The second industrial revolution ended in 1914 when what happened?

World War I started

The ice berg includes

all of the above

Which of the following were key inventions came out of the industrial revolution?

all of the above

Industrial design process

archer 1985

If we just achieve Social + Environmental Sustainability approach, how would be the result:

bearable

When we measure our ecological footprint, what chemical elements it is primarily measuring?

carbon

Which of the following claims in support of globalization is supported by evidence?

consumers generally have more choice and pay lower prices

According to William McDonough...is the first signal of human intentions.

design

Eco-efficiency

doing more with less-doing the things right!

Is being less bad, good?

no

what can not be the result of when companies ignore the TBL in the name of profit

none of the above

Intergenerational Remote Tyranny

our Tranny over future generations through the effects of our actions today.

Which of the following options, is not the three pillars of sustainability?

political

Crude Products

products that are not designed for human or ecological health

What specific side effect of World War Ii affected consumerism?

rationing of goods

What are the 4Rs?

reduce, reuse, recycle, regulate

Which of the following options can be as one of the sub components of "environmental " pillar of sustainability?

resource integrity

Which company applied Triple bottom line for the first time?

shell-oil company

the triple bottom line is an accounting framework that incorporates three dimensions of performance which are:

social, environmental, economy

Which of the following is NOT a components of Socialism?

supply and demand determines market economy