cads 4800 Final Exam

3 Variables in country infrastructure in sourcing

1. Availability of quality raw materials 2. Availability & reliability of electric power and material suppliers/shippers 3. Roads & transportation

6 Self-support structure variable in sourcing

1. Computer and telephone links 2. Courier service 3. Legal Consultants 4. Custom brokers 5. Banking specialists 6. Oversight

6 Examples of apparel engineering

1. Flare leg slacks and patch pockets 2. Alteration allowances in seams 3. Seam shifting to 1/4" 4. Pattern curves 5. Generous Hems 6. Make one pattern piece into two pieces

6 Examples of injuries

1. Fractures 2. falls 3. burns 4. sprains 5. lacerations 6. foreign objects to the eye

6 Examples of illnesses

1. Hearing loss 2. back injuries 3. bursitis 4. tendinitis 5. respiratory problems 6. carpal tunnel syndrome

6 factors influencing material utilization

1. Pattern accuracy 2. Marker waste 3. Marker planning 4. Spreading waste 5. Damaged materials 6. Remnants

8 elements to a typical spread loss

1. Remnants 2. Edging 3. Lean 4. Width utilization 5. Gaps 6. Ends 7. splices 8. Flaws

4 ASTMS Designation for stitches and Seams

1. Stitch class 2. Stitch type 3. Seam class 4. Seam type (number of independent rows of stitched)

4 recreational CTDs

1. Tennis elbow 2. Golfers elbow 3. Bowler's thumb 4. Xbox neck

5 Reasons we are seeing more CTDs

1. There are more females in the workplace and they are more likely than men to develop a CTD 2. Jobs are highly refined to the point there is more repetition 3. changing lifestyles- the population is not as physically fit 4. awareness due to media publicity and education

What are 4 factor in the work environment that must be controlled?

1. Vibration 2. lighting & glare 3. Ventilation 4. temperature control

9 Actions to reduce fabric waste

1. communicate with employees 2. computerized marker making system 3. tilt when possible 4. Plan makers carefully with best size ratios 5. use first quality fabrics 6. Calculate purchase order carefully 7. order 8. Engineer patterns 9. Careful spreading procedures (align edges)

4 Factors to make or buy in sourcing

1. cost 2. quality 2. production capacity 4. timing

4 early symptoms of MSDs

1. pain & swelling 2. numbness/tingling 3. loss of strength 4. reduced range of motion

6 Common CTDs

1. tendinitis 2. Tenosynovitis 3. De Queryain's Disease 4. Trigger finger 5. Raynaud's syndrome (white finger) 6. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Purpose of SEAMS

1. work for the preservation of the sew products industry 2. through educational programs that will improve the quality and productivity of the sewn products industry collectively. 3. They want to keep their members informed about legislation in DC. 4. offerings of benefits packages that help control overhead expenses

What percent of total private industry for women?

33%

Women are ___-___ times more likely to develop CTD than males

4-6

What percent of repetitive motion injuries in women?

61%

What percent of tendinitis/CTS in women?

65%

Arm on desk is behind mid line reach

?

Back in a forward leaning position

?

extended reach

?

knee angle

?

neck titling forward

?

raised elbows

?

wrist flexion

?

AAPN

American Apparel Producers Network

ATMI

American Textile Manufacturers

What type of injury is the most common ailment among injuries and illnesses in the US?

Back Injuries

Make to stock

Basic goods

what are some other improvements that can be done ergonomically to the factory floor?

Best practice, thats the most efficient way to do things

CTS

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Production sourcing assessment points

Contractor evaluation form/watch for inconsistencies. Operator training, methods analysis of each operation and equipment evaluation are critical to making quality sourcing decision.

CTD

Cumulative Trauma Disorders

DAMA

Demand Activated Manufacturing Architecture

Illness

Develop over time. They are cumulative in nature and may not materialize for months

Make to order

Fashion goods

How does Shared production sourcing work?

Garments are designed, developed, and cut in the U.S. Then the cut parts are assembled in a foreign country. Assembled garments are then imported back with tariff assessed only on added value.

Injury

Incidents that can be attributed to a specific incident at one point in time -- instantaneous

What is the difference between illness and injury?

Injuries occur at one point in time while illnesses develop overtime.

ITAA

International Textile and Apparel Association

MSD

Musculoskeletal disorder

________________ disorder affects 7% of the population.

Musculoskeletal disorder

_________________ disorders are the leading cause of work related disabilities and the most prevalent medical condition in the US.

Musculoskeletal disorder

NCC

National Cotton Council

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Purpose of American Apparel Producers

Organized industrially worldwide to produce apparel for the US market from many countries & continents. Headquartered in Atlanta, GA.

What is OSHA required to do?

Post certain material such as safety posters, summaries of petitions, OSHA violation and log of injuries/illnesses at a prominent location in the workplace.

Purpose of material utilization

Provide greater profit through lower material cost and reduce waste

Purchase order formula

Quantity x unit price per yard = total

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Results when the median nerve is compressed and tendons become inflamed from overuse or unnatural positions causing the tendons to be scraped against the inside of the carpal tunnel in the wrist.

How does Full-package Program sourcing work?

Sourcing firm only develops styles & specs huge financial responsibility/limited tech knowledge, investment and commitment

What are some adjustable items for the workplace?

Table top/seat height

Purpose of purchase order

Tells needed quantity of fabric by fabric style and color for an order

AAFA

The American Apparel & Footwear Association

Ergonomics

The study of human characteristics for the design of the work environment.

Production Capacity Required

Total need for output of materials, product parts, or finished goods. (specified time period and expected quality)

Production Capacity Demonstrated

Volume of output that a plant or machine is capable of producing. (number and type of machines, labor house, and productivity determine volume of output).

Apparel Engineering

When pattern pieces are changed to accommodate marker requirements

WRAP

Worldwide Responsible Apparel Production

Purpose of International Textile and Apparel Association

aims to advance excellence in scholarship and education in the textiles, apparel and merchandising field.

Cut Order Planning

an optimization process that minimizes total cost of marker making, spreading, cutting and bundling of available orders

Purpose of cut order planning

determines how many markers one needed, how many each size should be in each marker and the number of ply that will be cut with each marker

Who is ergonomics mostly used by?

industrial engineers who design work stations that promote production efficiency.

What does "Nomos" mean?

laws of

Cumulative Trauma Disorders

over time as a result of repeated stress on a particular body part.

How does Cut-make-Trim sourcing work?

the manufacturer supplies patterns & materials and ships them to a contractor. The contractor cuts materials & provides sewing operators.

Purpose of OSHA

to assure so far as possible every man and woman in the nation to safe and healthful working conditions and to preserve our human resources.

Purpose of National Cotton Council

to ensure the ability of all U.S. Cotton industry segments to compete effectively and profitably in the raw cotton, oilseed and U.S.-manufactured product markets at home and abroad.

Purpose of WRAP

to independently monitor and certify compliance with these socially responsible global standards for manufacturing and ensure that sewn products are produced under lawful, humane and ethical conditions.

Purpose of The American Apparel & Footwear Association

to promote and enhance its members' competitiveness, productivity and profitability in the global market by minimizing regulatory, legal, commercial, political and trade restraints.

Purpose of The Textile Institute

to promote professionalism in all areas associated with the textile industries worldwide.

Purpose of American Textile Manufacturers

to provide its member companies with an organization to deal with problem and programs on an industry-wide national basis.

Purpose of Demand Activated Manufacturing Architecture

to shrink the supply chain which links the U.S. fiber, textile, sewn products, and reatil industries.

What does "ergos" mean?

work