Carbohydrates

(CH2O)n

1. the general chmical formula of carbohydrate is a. (CH2O)n b. (CH2O)2n c.(CHO)n d. CnH2nO

glucose

10.which of the following is a reducing sugar: a. glucose b. dihydroxyacetone c.erythulose d. none of these

16

11-glucose can have _____ isomers to the precence of 4 asymmetric carbon atoms a, 4 b. 2 c. 12 d. 16

glycoprotiens

11. oligosachhrides linked to protien are called; a. glycoprotiens b. glycolipids c.galactodies d.ganglioside

ketoses

12- fructose and ribulose are a. epimers b. anomers c. ketoses d. ketose- aldose isomers

glycosidic bond

12.in polysacchrides, monosachhrides are joined by: a. peptide bond b. glucose bond. c. glycosidic bond d. covelant bond

glucose and galactose

13. Lactose is a disaccharide consists of a. glucose and fructose b. glucose and galactose c. glucose and sucrose d. glucose and ribose

B 1-2 linkage

14.In lactose the linkage is a. B 1-4 linkage b. B 1-2 linkage c. a 1-4 linkage d. a 1-2 linkage

glucose and glucose

15.Maltose is a disacchride consist of a. glucose and fructose b. glucose and galactose c. glucose and sucrose d. glucose and glucose

a 1-4 linkage

16. In maltose , the linkage is a. B 1-4 linkage b. B 1-2 linkage c. a 1-4 linkage d. a 1-2 linkage

unbranched amylose and branched amylopectin

17.Starch consists of a. unbranched amylose and branched amylopectin b. branched amylose and branched amylopectin c. unbranched amylose and unbranched amylopectin d. none

both a and b

2. the major function of carbohydrates include: a. structural framework b. storage c. both a and b d. none of these

(CH2O)n

3. the general formula of carbohydrate: a. (CH2O)n b.(C4H2O)n c.(C6H2O)n d.(C2H2o)n COOH

b.polyhydroxy aledehydes and ketones

4. Carbohydrates are: a. polyhydroxy aldehydes and phenols b.polyhydroxy aledehydes and ketones c. polyhydroxy ketones and phenoles d.poluhydroxy phenols and alchols

a. cellulose, hemicellulose and cithin

5. Structural polysacharrides includes: a. cellulose, hemicellulose and cithin b. cellulose, starch and cithin c. cellulose, starch and glycogen d. cellulose, glycogen, and cithin

a. starch and glycogen

6. nutritional polysachrrides are a. starch and glycogen b. starch and chithin c. stach and cellulose d. starch and glucose

liver and spleen

7. Glycogen in animals are stored in a. liver and spleen b. liver and mucsle c. liver and bile d. lived and adipose tissue

30% in plants and 1% in animals

8.carbohydrates accounts a. 30% in plants and 20% in animals b. 30 in plants and 10% in animals c. 30% in plants and 1% in animals d. 50% in plants and 50% in animals

glyceraldehyde

9.smallest carbohydrates are trioses. which of the following is a triose? a. glucose b. ribulose c. ribose d. glyceraldehyde

lyxose

A pentose sugar reported to be present in heart cells: a. xylose b. arabinose c. lyxose d. Xylusoe

N-linked or O-linked

Carbohydrates are attached to proteins as ___________oligosaccharides.

length

Carbohydrates are classified by.

CO2 and H2O

Carbohydrates are formed from

is a branched homopolysaccharide of glucose Glucose monomers form (1 4) linked chains Hydrogen bonds form between adjacent monomers Additional H-bonds between chains Structure is now tough and water-insoluble Most abundant polysaccharide in nature Cotton is nearly pure fibrous cellulose

Cellulose

protein

Glycosylation occurs during ____________- synthesis.

glycosidic

Monosaccharides can be linked by ______________ bonds in various arrangements.

aldoses

Monosaccharides made from aldehydes form

ketoses

Monosaccharides made from ketones form

chiral.

Most carbohydrates are

several sugars bound together

Oligosaccharides

Altarose

Pick out the odd one from the following a. Deoxyribose b. Rhamanose c. fucose d. Altarose

glycosaminoglycans.

Polymers of chondroitin sulfate are called

chondroitin sulfate

Proteoglycans contain repeating units of _______________________.

Energy in diet Mediating intercellular communication Structural support (e.g., cell walls)

Roles of Carbohydrate

Erythrose

Select the odd one from the following : a. Arabinose b. xylose c.lyxose d. Erythose

Starch is a mixture of two homopolysaccharides of glucose Amylose is an unbranched polymer of (1 4) linked residues Amylopectin is branched like glycogen but the branch-points with (1 6) linkers occur every 24-30 residues Molecular weight of amylopectin is up to 200 million

Starch

Amylose: a linear and helical polymer of glucose Amylopectin: a branched polymer of glucose

Starch is composed of two types of polymers.

(plants) , (animals)

Starch___________and glycogen ______________are storage forms of glucose.

has an α(12) glycosidic bond. Sucrose is the most abundant sugar in nature.

Sucrose

true

The functional groups of a monosaccharide can be modified to form a variety of derivatives.

Xylitol

is a popular sugar alcohol that is used as a sweetener in chewing gum.

Chondroitin

is composed of a carboxylated sugar (uronate) that is O-linked to an N-acetylated amino sugar.

Starch

is the main storage polysaccharide in plants

glucose and glucose

maltose is a disacchriades of a. glucose and galactose b. glucose and glucose c. glucose and lactose d. fructose and lactose

large polymers

polysaccharides

glycerlaldehyde

select the odd one from the following: a. xylulose b. dihydroxyacetone c. glycerlaldehyde d. riboulose

glucose and fructose

sucrose is composed of which two sugars: a. glucose and glucose b. glucose and fructose c. glucose and galactose d. fructose and galactose

c. a 1-4

the glycoasidic linkage between glucose molecule in a. B 1-4 b. a 1-2 c. a 1-4 d. B 1-2

a 1-6

the glycosidic linkage between two glucose molecules in isomaltose is a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-6 d. B 1-6

B 1-4

the glycosidic linkage in cellobiose a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-6 d. B 1-6

c. C6 H12 O 6

what is the molecular formula of glucose? a. CH3 OH b. C12 H22 O 11 c. C6 H12 O 6 d. C6 H 12 O5

C12H22O11

what is the molecular formula of sucrose a. C12H22O11 b. C10H20O10 c. C6H20O11

starch

which of the following forms glucose is stored in plants a. starch b. dextrins c. glycogen d. cellulose

Erythrulose

which of the following is a keto terose: a. Erythrulose b. xlyulose c. sorbose d. psicose

dihydroxyacetone

which of the following is a keto triose a. dihydroxyacetone b. glyceraldehyde c.ribulose d. erthyrose

glyceraldehyde

which of the following is an aldotriose a.dihydroxyacetone b. glyceraldehyde c.ribulose d. erythrose

Vit C

which of the following is an alpha lactone a. Vit C b. Vit D c. Vit A d. Vit K

both A and B

which of the following is an epimeric pair: a. D- glucose and D-mannose b. D-glucose and D-galactose c. D-glucose and L- galactose d. both A and B

hyaluriuc

which of the following is not a disachhrides: a. hyaluriuc acid b. maltose c. lactose d. sucrose

sucrose

which of the following sugar give a positive result with seliwanoff test a. sucrose b. glucose c. galactose d. mannose

cellulose

which out of the following is carbohydrate with no nutritional value a. glycogen b. starch. c. dextrins d. cellulose

carbohydrates

1. The most abundent bio molecule on the earth: a. nucleic acid b. protien c. lipids d. carbohydrates

peptidoglycan

Bacteria build cell walls from_________________, a three-dimensional network of carbohydrate chains and short peptides.

biofilm

Bacteria produce extracellular polysaccharides that form a ________________ - a protective covering for bacteria to grow and thrive

is the simplest ketose

Dihydroxyacetone

2 sugars bound together

Disaccharides

are linked by α(14) glycosidic bonds.

Glucose polymers

the simplest aldose.

Glyceraldehyde is

is a branched homopolysaccharide of glucose Glucose monomers form (1 4) linked chains Branch-points with (1 6) linkers every 8-12 residues Molecular weight reaches several millions Functions as the main storage polysaccharide in animals

Glycogen

via Asn.

Glycoproteins are N-linked

Ser or Thr.

Glycoproteins are O-linked via

has a β(14) glycosidic bond. Lactose is a milk sugar.

Lactose

disaccharides

Lactose and sucrose are ________________ that are used as metabolic fuel.

protiens spesfic to sugars

Lectins are a. sugars specfic to protiens b. protiens spesfic to sugars c. enzymes spesfic to carbs d. carbs spesfic to enzymes

5

Minimum number if carbon required for ketose sugar to have cyclic structre is : a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

simple sugars

Monosaccharides

based on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

Monosaccharides can also be described

highly hydrated

The long glycosaminoglycan chains of proteoglycans are ______________

Dihydroxyacetone

The only carbohydrate which is not having any chiral carbon atom is : a. glyceraldehyde b. Erythrose c. Dihydroxyacetone d. Erythrulose

d. starch

The reserve food material of green algea is a. laminarin b. chrysolamerian c. Floridian starch d. starch

3 sugars bound together

Trisaccharides

a. 4

a Keto pentose will have _________ steroisomers a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10

lycose

a pentose sugar in the heart muscle a. xylose b. xyluose c. lycose d. aldose

xylitol

a sweetner used in sugar less gums and candies a. ribitol b. xylitol c. inositol d. mannitol

b.barfoed

all of the following tests are for lactose except a. bendict b.barfoed c. molisch d.osazone

16

an aldo hexose will have ___________ steroisomers a. 8 b. 10 c. 14 d. 16

Epimers

are sugars that differ only by the configuration around one carbon atom.

b.dihydroxyacetone

choose a keto triose a. glyceraldehyde b.dihydroxyacetone c. erythrose d. arabinose

ribose

choose a sugar out of the following that is non reactive to seliwanoff reagent a. sucrose b. fructose c. inulin d. ribose

c. optical isomers

d.glucose and I-glucose are a. stero isomers b. anomers d.keto-aldos isomers c. optical isomers

a 1-2

glycosidic bond in sucrose is a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-2 d. B 1-2

Peptidoglycan

is a network of cross-linked peptide and carbohydrate chains. ( bactrial walls are made of this)