Carbohydrates
(CH2O)n
1. the general chmical formula of carbohydrate is a. (CH2O)n b. (CH2O)2n c.(CHO)n d. CnH2nO
glucose
10.which of the following is a reducing sugar: a. glucose b. dihydroxyacetone c.erythulose d. none of these
16
11-glucose can have _____ isomers to the precence of 4 asymmetric carbon atoms a, 4 b. 2 c. 12 d. 16
glycoprotiens
11. oligosachhrides linked to protien are called; a. glycoprotiens b. glycolipids c.galactodies d.ganglioside
ketoses
12- fructose and ribulose are a. epimers b. anomers c. ketoses d. ketose- aldose isomers
glycosidic bond
12.in polysacchrides, monosachhrides are joined by: a. peptide bond b. glucose bond. c. glycosidic bond d. covelant bond
glucose and galactose
13. Lactose is a disaccharide consists of a. glucose and fructose b. glucose and galactose c. glucose and sucrose d. glucose and ribose
B 1-2 linkage
14.In lactose the linkage is a. B 1-4 linkage b. B 1-2 linkage c. a 1-4 linkage d. a 1-2 linkage
glucose and glucose
15.Maltose is a disacchride consist of a. glucose and fructose b. glucose and galactose c. glucose and sucrose d. glucose and glucose
a 1-4 linkage
16. In maltose , the linkage is a. B 1-4 linkage b. B 1-2 linkage c. a 1-4 linkage d. a 1-2 linkage
unbranched amylose and branched amylopectin
17.Starch consists of a. unbranched amylose and branched amylopectin b. branched amylose and branched amylopectin c. unbranched amylose and unbranched amylopectin d. none
both a and b
2. the major function of carbohydrates include: a. structural framework b. storage c. both a and b d. none of these
(CH2O)n
3. the general formula of carbohydrate: a. (CH2O)n b.(C4H2O)n c.(C6H2O)n d.(C2H2o)n COOH
b.polyhydroxy aledehydes and ketones
4. Carbohydrates are: a. polyhydroxy aldehydes and phenols b.polyhydroxy aledehydes and ketones c. polyhydroxy ketones and phenoles d.poluhydroxy phenols and alchols
a. cellulose, hemicellulose and cithin
5. Structural polysacharrides includes: a. cellulose, hemicellulose and cithin b. cellulose, starch and cithin c. cellulose, starch and glycogen d. cellulose, glycogen, and cithin
a. starch and glycogen
6. nutritional polysachrrides are a. starch and glycogen b. starch and chithin c. stach and cellulose d. starch and glucose
liver and spleen
7. Glycogen in animals are stored in a. liver and spleen b. liver and mucsle c. liver and bile d. lived and adipose tissue
30% in plants and 1% in animals
8.carbohydrates accounts a. 30% in plants and 20% in animals b. 30 in plants and 10% in animals c. 30% in plants and 1% in animals d. 50% in plants and 50% in animals
glyceraldehyde
9.smallest carbohydrates are trioses. which of the following is a triose? a. glucose b. ribulose c. ribose d. glyceraldehyde
lyxose
A pentose sugar reported to be present in heart cells: a. xylose b. arabinose c. lyxose d. Xylusoe
N-linked or O-linked
Carbohydrates are attached to proteins as ___________oligosaccharides.
length
Carbohydrates are classified by.
CO2 and H2O
Carbohydrates are formed from
is a branched homopolysaccharide of glucose Glucose monomers form (1 4) linked chains Hydrogen bonds form between adjacent monomers Additional H-bonds between chains Structure is now tough and water-insoluble Most abundant polysaccharide in nature Cotton is nearly pure fibrous cellulose
Cellulose
protein
Glycosylation occurs during ____________- synthesis.
glycosidic
Monosaccharides can be linked by ______________ bonds in various arrangements.
aldoses
Monosaccharides made from aldehydes form
ketoses
Monosaccharides made from ketones form
chiral.
Most carbohydrates are
several sugars bound together
Oligosaccharides
Altarose
Pick out the odd one from the following a. Deoxyribose b. Rhamanose c. fucose d. Altarose
glycosaminoglycans.
Polymers of chondroitin sulfate are called
chondroitin sulfate
Proteoglycans contain repeating units of _______________________.
Energy in diet Mediating intercellular communication Structural support (e.g., cell walls)
Roles of Carbohydrate
Erythrose
Select the odd one from the following : a. Arabinose b. xylose c.lyxose d. Erythose
Starch is a mixture of two homopolysaccharides of glucose Amylose is an unbranched polymer of (1 4) linked residues Amylopectin is branched like glycogen but the branch-points with (1 6) linkers occur every 24-30 residues Molecular weight of amylopectin is up to 200 million
Starch
Amylose: a linear and helical polymer of glucose Amylopectin: a branched polymer of glucose
Starch is composed of two types of polymers.
(plants) , (animals)
Starch___________and glycogen ______________are storage forms of glucose.
has an α(12) glycosidic bond. Sucrose is the most abundant sugar in nature.
Sucrose
true
The functional groups of a monosaccharide can be modified to form a variety of derivatives.
Xylitol
is a popular sugar alcohol that is used as a sweetener in chewing gum.
Chondroitin
is composed of a carboxylated sugar (uronate) that is O-linked to an N-acetylated amino sugar.
Starch
is the main storage polysaccharide in plants
glucose and glucose
maltose is a disacchriades of a. glucose and galactose b. glucose and glucose c. glucose and lactose d. fructose and lactose
large polymers
polysaccharides
glycerlaldehyde
select the odd one from the following: a. xylulose b. dihydroxyacetone c. glycerlaldehyde d. riboulose
glucose and fructose
sucrose is composed of which two sugars: a. glucose and glucose b. glucose and fructose c. glucose and galactose d. fructose and galactose
c. a 1-4
the glycoasidic linkage between glucose molecule in a. B 1-4 b. a 1-2 c. a 1-4 d. B 1-2
a 1-6
the glycosidic linkage between two glucose molecules in isomaltose is a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-6 d. B 1-6
B 1-4
the glycosidic linkage in cellobiose a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-6 d. B 1-6
c. C6 H12 O 6
what is the molecular formula of glucose? a. CH3 OH b. C12 H22 O 11 c. C6 H12 O 6 d. C6 H 12 O5
C12H22O11
what is the molecular formula of sucrose a. C12H22O11 b. C10H20O10 c. C6H20O11
starch
which of the following forms glucose is stored in plants a. starch b. dextrins c. glycogen d. cellulose
Erythrulose
which of the following is a keto terose: a. Erythrulose b. xlyulose c. sorbose d. psicose
dihydroxyacetone
which of the following is a keto triose a. dihydroxyacetone b. glyceraldehyde c.ribulose d. erthyrose
glyceraldehyde
which of the following is an aldotriose a.dihydroxyacetone b. glyceraldehyde c.ribulose d. erythrose
Vit C
which of the following is an alpha lactone a. Vit C b. Vit D c. Vit A d. Vit K
both A and B
which of the following is an epimeric pair: a. D- glucose and D-mannose b. D-glucose and D-galactose c. D-glucose and L- galactose d. both A and B
hyaluriuc
which of the following is not a disachhrides: a. hyaluriuc acid b. maltose c. lactose d. sucrose
sucrose
which of the following sugar give a positive result with seliwanoff test a. sucrose b. glucose c. galactose d. mannose
cellulose
which out of the following is carbohydrate with no nutritional value a. glycogen b. starch. c. dextrins d. cellulose
carbohydrates
1. The most abundent bio molecule on the earth: a. nucleic acid b. protien c. lipids d. carbohydrates
peptidoglycan
Bacteria build cell walls from_________________, a three-dimensional network of carbohydrate chains and short peptides.
biofilm
Bacteria produce extracellular polysaccharides that form a ________________ - a protective covering for bacteria to grow and thrive
is the simplest ketose
Dihydroxyacetone
2 sugars bound together
Disaccharides
are linked by α(14) glycosidic bonds.
Glucose polymers
the simplest aldose.
Glyceraldehyde is
is a branched homopolysaccharide of glucose Glucose monomers form (1 4) linked chains Branch-points with (1 6) linkers every 8-12 residues Molecular weight reaches several millions Functions as the main storage polysaccharide in animals
Glycogen
via Asn.
Glycoproteins are N-linked
Ser or Thr.
Glycoproteins are O-linked via
has a β(14) glycosidic bond. Lactose is a milk sugar.
Lactose
disaccharides
Lactose and sucrose are ________________ that are used as metabolic fuel.
protiens spesfic to sugars
Lectins are a. sugars specfic to protiens b. protiens spesfic to sugars c. enzymes spesfic to carbs d. carbs spesfic to enzymes
5
Minimum number if carbon required for ketose sugar to have cyclic structre is : a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
simple sugars
Monosaccharides
based on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Monosaccharides can also be described
highly hydrated
The long glycosaminoglycan chains of proteoglycans are ______________
Dihydroxyacetone
The only carbohydrate which is not having any chiral carbon atom is : a. glyceraldehyde b. Erythrose c. Dihydroxyacetone d. Erythrulose
d. starch
The reserve food material of green algea is a. laminarin b. chrysolamerian c. Floridian starch d. starch
3 sugars bound together
Trisaccharides
a. 4
a Keto pentose will have _________ steroisomers a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10
lycose
a pentose sugar in the heart muscle a. xylose b. xyluose c. lycose d. aldose
xylitol
a sweetner used in sugar less gums and candies a. ribitol b. xylitol c. inositol d. mannitol
b.barfoed
all of the following tests are for lactose except a. bendict b.barfoed c. molisch d.osazone
16
an aldo hexose will have ___________ steroisomers a. 8 b. 10 c. 14 d. 16
Epimers
are sugars that differ only by the configuration around one carbon atom.
b.dihydroxyacetone
choose a keto triose a. glyceraldehyde b.dihydroxyacetone c. erythrose d. arabinose
ribose
choose a sugar out of the following that is non reactive to seliwanoff reagent a. sucrose b. fructose c. inulin d. ribose
c. optical isomers
d.glucose and I-glucose are a. stero isomers b. anomers d.keto-aldos isomers c. optical isomers
a 1-2
glycosidic bond in sucrose is a. a 1-4 b. B 1-4 c. a 1-2 d. B 1-2
Peptidoglycan
is a network of cross-linked peptide and carbohydrate chains. ( bactrial walls are made of this)
