CBRN for Medical Personnel and first responders Pre-test

The amount of radiation that an individual absorbs depends on ____?

All of the above

You are certain that your patient, who is now convulsing from nerve agent exposure, has already received three MARK 1/ATNAA kits and their diazepam. What else should be done?

All of the above

What form of ionizing radiation is the least penetrating?

Alpha

Select the three components, in correct order of administration, utilized in the treatment for cyanide exposure.

Amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate

A patient presents to the emergency room all exhibiting the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, problems with eye movement, dry mouth, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, no gag reflex, and extreme weakness. Patient is alert and oriented during the exam. What toxin do you suspect and how do you treat it?

Botulinum toxin, supportive care and antitoxin.

A patient was admitted to the hospital suffering from the following symptoms for the past week: fever, chills and weakness, very swollen tender lymph nodes of bubo, and skin ulcerations. He states the ulcerations are exactly where very small insects bit him. Which type of plague is responsible for the patient?s symptoms?

Bubonic

Which of the following cell types are least sensitive to ionizing radiation damage?

Cells that divide slowly

Which of these are fast-acting compounds that attack oxygen-dependent tissues known to be particularly sensitive to these compounds?

Cyanide Compounds

You approach the scene of a terrorist incident that occurred 2 minutes prior in an enclosed room. It is reported that the smell of bitter almonds is in the air. The door is open; many victims are lying on the floor. What do you do first?

Don your mask before going into the room

How is the victim of a pulmonary agent exposure presenting with respiratory distress less than 4 hours after exposure classified?

Expectant

Wearing PPE can put the responder at considerable risk both physically and psychologically. Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor?

Hyperactivity

What Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) level provides the greatest level of protection?

IV

How is the victim of nerve agent exposure presenting with convulsions classified?

Immediate

Used in life-threatening situations, the goal is to remove contaminant as quickly as possible.

Immediate Decontamination

Pulmonary (choking) agents primarily enter the victim by what means?

Inhalation

What phase is characterized by improvement of symptoms but becomes shorter with increasing doses

Latent

What blood test is available that will give an accurate estimate of radiation dose?

Lymphocytes count

What CBRNE agent inhibits the enzyme AChE allowing Ach to accumulate affecting the way cells transmit signals to the body?

Nerve

________ damage brings death very quickly so that the consequences of exposure to other systems do not have time to express themselves.

Neurovascular

A patient is suffering from painful, highly corrosive burns similar to acid, and wheals have begun to appear on the skin. Which vesicant (blister agent) is suspected?

Phosgene Oxime

Your unit has responded within minutes to a suspected CBRNE incident. Select the important steps that you should take.

Practice protective measures of time, distance, and shielding

Which of the bacterial diseases produces a non-specific illness that may produce a prolonged disability but is rarely fatal?

Q-Fever

Treatment of patients suffering from pulmonary agent exposure should focus on?

Recognizing which compartment(s) are damaged and minimizing that damage.

What type of biological toxin is predominantly derived from the bean of the castor plant?

Ricin

Vesicant (blister) agents include all of the following, EXCEPT

Sarin

__________ occurs outside of the incident area when people come in contact with a contaminated person or object.

Secondary Contamination

Which of the following statements does NOT describe spores produced by Bacillus anthracis, causative agent of anthrax?

Sensitivity to UV light

Processed foods and temperature-abused foods are most commonly associated with ________ poisoning

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)

Cyanide is historically found in the following EXCEPT:

Teflon

Type of decontamination that is carried out by a unit to reduce contamination equal to natural background or to the lowest level possible.

Thorough

Following a nuclear detonation, some of the casualties with survivable injuries are possibly contaminated with radiological material. Which of the below courses of action is most appropriate for the situation?

Treat all life-threatening injuries first.

Which of the following bacterial diseases typically produce ulcers on the skin?

Tularemia

A group of victims has been admitted to your triage unit. All victims have recently been in an area where canisters exploded spraying them with an amber colored liquid that smells like flowers and burns intensely. You suspect Lewisite. Which of the following is not a consideration during treatment of the victims?

Unroofing of blisters

Which nerve agent is the most persistent, is very oily, and will stay active in an area for several days?

VX

A patient presents to the hospital. He has been feeling ill since his return from safari in Africa a few days ago. He exhibits symptoms of fever, mild hypotension, flushing, conjunctival injection, and now a bad rash has appeared that is bleeding in spots. What type of viral infection do you suspect?

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

The decontamination site should NOT be located:

near waterways and drainage systems

For which virus is the mosquito not known as a possible vector?

smallpox

Decontamination will be conducted in the __________ hazard zone.

warm

Radiation burns, which causes delayed, irreversible changes of the skin, can be caused by high doses of what form of ionizing radiation?

Beta

What method is used to estimate a radiation dose by measuring the biological response to an absorbed dose of ionizing radiation?

Biodisometry

What is the best method of decontamination?

Removing clothing and washing with warm soapy water

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is generally divided into two categories. They are:

Respiratory Protection & Chemical Protective Garments

Patient presents with 5-day-old blisters/rash mostly on the arm, face, and hands. No scabs are present. Patient reports fever started several days before blisters appeared. Based on the information would you suspect chickenpox or smallpox?

Smallpox, because the rash is centrifugal on the patient

Which of the following is considered a pulmonary (choking) agent?

Chlorine

__________ occurs when people comes in direct contact with a harmful agent at or near an incident.

Contamination

A metallic taste in the mouth, epigastric distress, and possible nausea and vomiting are ingestion symptoms for which chemical agent?

Cyanide

How does cyanide cause cell death in the body?

Interferes with anaerobic metabolism of the cell

Which of the following decontamination method is NOT recommended for removing vesicants from casualties?

Wash patient with their clothing still on

Smallpox can spread from one person to another by the following routes:

all of the above

Patients with concurrent surgical injuries and radiation exposure should either be operated on expeditiously or _____________________________.

delayed until past the time of bone marrow suppression and delayed wound healing