CH 01: READING QUIZ - THE ROOTS OF JAZZ

Country blues musicians changed the timbre and pitch of their guitars by using

bottlenecks.

What musical characteristic of the spiritual directly influenced jazz?

call and response

A turnaround is

chords played in the last few bars of a chorus, leading on to the next chorus.

Field hollers and work songs

expressed the loneliness and hardship of African Americans. contributed to the music that became known as the blues.

John Philip Sousa

invented the sousaphone AND composed many marches, including "The Stars and Stripes Forever".

Bessie Smith

made nearly two hundred recordings AND starred in the short film St. Louis Blues.

Vaudeville blues - also known as classic, city, or urban blues were

performed on black theater circuits and often featured female singers.

African American music is characterized by

polyrhythm. call and response. blue notes.

Who is the best-known composer of ragtime music?

Scott Joplin

TRUE or FALSE: The minstrel show's characteristics, including blackface, lingered in American show business until the early 1950s.

TRUE

Country blues were

usually accompanied by guitar.

The minstrel show

was established as early as the 1840s AND reinforced many degrading stereotypes of African Americans.

Scott Joplin's most famous composition is

"The Maple Leaf Rag."

TRUE or FALSE: "Race records" were records kept by the census designed to prevent African Americans from voting in the South.

FALSE

Which of the following is/are true of Wilbur Sweatman?

He was known for playing three clarinets simultaneously. His career spanned the transition to the sale of recordings over sheet music. His spontaneous musical embellishments hinted at a new era of bluesy improvisation.

Which is true about ragtime?

Its "ragged" polyrhythmic syncopation contributed to jazz AND it was a form of composition first published in 1897 only.

The "Father of the Blues" was this cornet-playing bandleader who first heard the blues in a Mississippi train station:

W. C. Handy.

James Reese Europe was

a black musician who performed ragtime for white dance instructors AND leader of the 369th Infantry Band, or "Hellfighters," during World War I.

"Jim Crow" was

a standard character in the minstrel show AND the legal system of post-Reconstruction segregation.

Gertrude "Ma" Rainey was

a vaudeville/classic blues artist and referred to as the "Mother of the Blues."