Ch 1-2: Radiographic General Anatomy& Terminology TEST
Long bones have a central cylindrical cavity called the:
Medullary Cavity
The area of the bone indicated by the arrow on this figure is the:
Medullary Cavity
The body plane indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:
Midcoronal
The plane that divides the body into equal posterior and anterior halves is termed:
Midcoronal
The body plane indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:
Midsagittal
Which plane specifically divides the body into equal right and left halves?
Midsagittal
What is the patient position illustrated in this figure?
Right Lateral Recumbent
A serious fracture in which the bones are not in anatomic alignment is called:
Displaced
The term that refers to parts farthest from the point of attachment, point of reference, or away from the center of the body is:
Distal
What is the classification of the bone shown in this illustration?
Irregular
Tipping or slanting a body part slightly is termed:
Tilting
Which of the following is an x-ray "position"? - Mediolateral - Craniocaudal - Orbitoparietal - Trendelenburg
Trendelenburg
The small, rounded, elevated process on a bone is called a(n):
Tubercle
A large, rounded, elevated process on a bone is called a(n):
Tuberosity
When the hand is turned toward the ulnar side, it is termed:
Ulnar Deviation
A term that means the same as anterior is:
Ventral
The external landmark indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:
Vertebra Prominens
Which of the following terms refers to the covering of an organ?
Visceral
Nervousness, discomfort, and fear are causes of:
Voluntary Motion
The simplest and most common shape of compensating filter is the: -wedge -trough -double-wedge -boomerang
Wedge
Which two terms are used to describe x-ray "projections"? (Select all that apply.)
- AP - PA-Axial
Collimation of the x-ray beam prompts which two of the following? (Select all that apply.)
- An increase in radiographic contrast - A decrease of scatter radiation
An increase in SID will result in which two of the following? (Select all that apply.)
- Decreased magnification - Increased spatial resolution
Involuntary motion can be caused by which of the following? 1. Peristalsis 2. Spasm 3. Breathing
1 and 2
Bones provide which of the following? 1. Protection of internal organs 2. Production of red and white blood cells 3. Attachment for the skin and fat layers
1 and 2 ( protection of internal organs, production of red/white blood cells)
Which of the following is affected when imaging patients who are obese? 1. Image quality 2. Ability to transfer safely 3. Ability to find positioning landmarks
1,2 and 3
The source of radiation in an x-ray tube (the anode) shall not be closer than _____ inches from the patient.
12
Which of the following terms are used both as an x-ray projection and a body position? 1. Axial 2. Oblique 3. Lateral
2 and 3
The red marrow within bones produces _____ cells. 1. adipose 2. red blood 3. white blood
2 and 3 (red blood,while blood)
The adult skeleton is composed of how many bones?
206
Gonad shielding is required when the gonads lie within ____ cm of the primary x-ray field.
5
If the central ray enters the anterior body surface and exits the posterior body surface, the x-ray projection is termed:
AP
The x-ray projection shown in this figure is:
AP
The x-ray projection identified in this figure is:
AP Axial
Movement of a part away from the central axis of the body or body part is termed:
Abduction
Movement of a part toward the central axis of the body is termed:
Adduction
How often should the radiographic tabletop be cleaned?
After every procedure/patient
The Standards of Ethics for radiographers was written and is maintained by the:
American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
The Radiography Practice Standards are written and maintained by the:
American Society of Radiologic Technologists
Rotation of the arm toward the midline of the body from the anatomic position is termed:
Medial Rotation
S1 and S2 are located at the level of the:
Anterior Superior iliac spines (ASISs)
The study of joints or articulations is known as:
Arthrology
A fundamental responsibility of radiographers is to ensure that each radiation exposure upholds the ALARA concept. ALARA stands for:
As low as reasonable achievable
For which type of body habitus will the stomach be the lowest?
Asthenic
The longest lungs will be found in which type of body habitus?
Asthenic
Which type of body habitus is shown in this illustration?
Asthenic
All of the following are types of body habitus, except: - atrophic - sthenic - asthenic - hypersthenic
Atrophic
All of the following terms are used to describe "body positions," except:
Axial
When there is longitudinal angulation of the central ray with the long axis of the body, the projection will always use the term:
Axial
Which specific type of joint allows multiaxial movement?
Ball and socket
Movement or positioning of the hand toward the radius or ulna is termed:
Deviation
The vertebra prominens is located at the level of the:
C7-T1
Blood and body fluid recommendations are issued by the:
CDC
The term that refers to parts away from the head of the body, or angling the central ray toward the feet is:
Caudad
The central or principle beam of x-rays is termed the:
Central Ray (CR)
Oblique positions are always named according to the side of the patient that is:
Closest to the IR
Which term refers to restriction of the exposure field?
Collimation
When a fractured bone is shattered into many pieces, it is called:
Comminuted
Bones are composed of an outer layer of compact bony tissue called the:
Compact Bone
A rounded process at an articular extremity is called a:
Condyle
The term that refers to a part on the opposite side of the body is
Contralateral
All of the following are affected by the SID used for a radiographic image, except: - Spatial resolution - Magnification of the anatomy in the image - Patient dose - Contrast resolution
Contrast resolution
A plane passing vertically through the body from side to side is termed:
Coronal
Which of the following positioning terms indicates that the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal?
Decubitus
The term that may also be used to refer to the posterior surface of the body is:
Dorsal
Which of the following terms refers to the back part of a body or organ?
Dorsal
The patient in this figure is placed in which of the following positions?
Dorsal Decubitus
Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"? -RPO -LAO -Dorsoplantar -Recumbent
Dorsoplantar
The tissue lining the medullary cavity of bones is called the:
Endosteum
The upper, center region on this illustration is termed the:
Epigastrium
The piece of cartilage that separates the end of a developing long bone from the central shaft is called the:
Epiphyseal Plate
A small, smooth-surfaced process for articulation of bones is called a:
Facet
The movement shown in this figure is:
Flexion
A hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves is called a:
Foramen
In the "anatomic position," the palms of the hands are facing:
Forward
The body position in this illustration is:
Fowler
Radiographers can control voluntary motion by:
Giving clear instruction to the patient
All are guidelines for gonad shielding, except: - the gonads lie in the primary beam - shielding is used when it will not compromise the exam objective - patients with reasonable reproductive potential should be shielded - gonad shields are only needed for pediatric patients
Gonad shields are only needed for pediatric patients
Which structure can be palpated by an imaging professional palpate to locate the level of the pubic symphysis?
Greater Trochanter
Which type of accessory equipment reduces the amount of scatter and off-focus radiation that reaches the image receptor?
Grid
The easiest and most convenient method of preventing the spread of microorganisms is:
Handwashing
Which specific type of joint permits only flexion and extension?
Hinge Joints
Any plane passing through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis is termed:
Horizontal
Which of the following planes divides the body into superior or inferior portions?
Horizontal
Forced or excessive extension of a limb or part is termed:
Hyperextension
For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be very high?
Hypersthenic
For which type of body habitus will the lungs be very short and wide?
Hypersthenic
The stomach is positioned the highest in which type of body habitus?
Hypersthenic
Which body habitus is shown in this figure?
Hypersthenic
The lower, center region on this figure is termed the:
Hypogastrium
If the foot is turned inward at the ankle joint, the body movement is termed:
Inversion
Each radiology department must write age-specific competencies to meet the standards of the:
JCAHO
The patient in this figure is placed in which position?
LAO
The portion of the abdominal cavity labeled as D in this figure is the _____ quadrant.
Left Lower
A club-shaped process on a bone is called a:
Malleolus
A tubelike passageway running within a bone is called a:
Meatus
Into how many regions is the abdomen divided?
Nine
When a fractured bone retains its normal alignment, it is called:
Non-Displaced
The plane indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:
Oblique
A serious fracture in which the broken bone or bones project through the skin is called a(n) _____ fracture.
Open
Study of the bones of the body is known as:
Osteology
The projection shown in this illustration is:
PA
The body position depicted below results in which x-ray projection?
PA Oblique
The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the:
Patella
What is the name of the tough, fibrous tissue that covers all bony surfaces?
Periosteum
The general goal for central ray placement is:
Perpendicular to the structure of interest
The image receptor used in computed radiography IRs is a:
Photostimulable storage phosphor imaging plate
The term used to describe the sole of the foot is:
Plantar
The term used to describe the act of placing the patient appropriately for a radiographic examination is:
Position
Radiographic images of the hands, wrist, feet, and toes are routinely displayed with the digits:
Positioned toward the ceiling
The path of the central ray stated as it exits the x-ray tube, travels through the patient and strikes the IR defines:
Projection
The term that refers to parts nearer the point of attachment, or origin, is:
Proximal
In which quadrant of the abdomen is the appendix usually located?
RLQ
When the hand is turned toward the radial side, it is termed:
Radial Deviation
Information that must be included on all radiographic images includes all of the following except: - Right or left side marker - Patient's name or ID number - Radiographer's name - Date of exam
Radiographer's name
A physician who is board certified to read or interpret, x-ray examinations is a:
Radiologist
All of the following are located in the abdominal cavity except: - Kidneys - Stomach - Rectum - Pancreas
Rectum
A plane passing through the body parallel with the midsagittal plane is termed:
Sagittal
The plane indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:
Sagittal
Which bone classification is defined as those that develop in or near tendons?
Sesamoid
What term is defined as the distance from the anode focal spot inside the x-ray tube to the image receptor?
Source-to-image distance (SID)
All of the following are located in the thoracic cavity except: - Trachea - Spleen - Lungs - Esphagus
Spleen
L4 and L5 are located at the level of the:
Superior Aspect of the iliac crests
Turning the forearm so that the palm of the hand is up is termed:
Supination
Which of the following terms is used to describe a patient placed "lying on the back"?
Supine
Which structural joint group contains joints that are all freely movable?
Synovial Joints
The jugular notch is located at the level of:
T2-T3
The vertebrae located at approximately the same level as the xiphoid process are:
T9-T10
Identify the x-ray projection illustrated in this figure.
Tangential
Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"? - Tangential - Lordotic - Right Anterior Oblique (RAO) - Right lateral Decubitus
Tangential
Which side marker would be placed on the image receptor on the edge of the collimated field for a radiographic image of a patient with an injured right hand?
The right (R) marker on either side of the patient's hand
Reference toward the head of the body is termed:
cephalad
T9 and T10 are located at the level of the:
xiphoid process