Ch. 1: The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology (Learnsmart Quiz)
Select the variables that you would predict to be regulated by body using a homeostatic mechanism: - Amount of energy you have - Amount of oxygen in the body - Amount of pressure to move gases - Amount of chocolate you eat - Amount of pressure which moves fluids in the body - Amount of sunlight you get - Amount of alcohol you drink - Amount of heat in the body - Amount of nitrogen in the body - Amount of coffee you drink - Amount of water in the body
- Amount of energy you have - Amount of oxygen in the body - Amount of pressure to move gases - Amount of pressure which moves fluids in the body - Amount of heat in the body - Amount of water in the body
Complete each statement below by placing the proper word in the appropriate position
1. All living things exhibit organisation or complexity far greater than their inanimate surroundings 2. The ability to bring in nutrients, produce energy, build necessary components, and eliminate waste products is metabolism 3. All living things must also be able to interact with their respective environments and are thus said to display responsiveness 4. Living things must be able to maintain a relative homeostasis or a set of stable internal conditions. 5. Characterised by both differentiation and growth, development explains increased size and functional complexity 6. The ability to make additional copies of themselves describes the necessary life characteristic of reproduction 7. Species of life will all demonstrate evolution over time as a result of gene mutations and rate of success with the environment
Put the levels of organisation in order (simplest to complex)
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organismal (organ system)
When blood pressure is elevated, the body employs negative feedback loops to maintain homeostasis. Check all of the options below that will be an appropriate response by the body: Heart rate is decreased, which will decrease blood pressure. Contractility of the heart is increased, which will increase blood pressure Blood vessel diameter is decreased, which will increase blood pressure. The kidneys will help increase blood volume, which will increase blood pressure
Heart rate is decreased, which will decrease blood pressure
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? Check all that apply - Has a brain - Metabolism - Reproduction - Responsiveness - Mobility - Regulation
Metabolism Reproduction Responsiveness Regulation
When blood sugar levels increase after a meal, insulin is released. This lowers sugar levels back toward normal. Example of: - Positive feedback - Negative feedback
Negative feedback
During childbirth, the baby pushes on the wall of the uterus. This is detected by pressure receptors that signal the brain to release oxytocin. If this is a positive feedback, select the next likely step: Oxytocin causes the uterus to relax, decreasing pressure from the baby so as to maintain homeostasis Oxytocin causes the uterus to contract, further stimulating the receptors, and releasing more oxytocin from the brain Oxytocin has no effect on the uterus, so as to maintain homeostasis Oxytocin causes the uterus to contract, preventing further release of oxytocin from the brain
Oxytocin causes the uterus to contract, further stimulating the receptors, and releasing more oxytocin from the brain
Place example or definition in correct category Pathophysiology Respiratory physiology Reproductive physiology Cardiovascular physiology - Examines how heart, blood vessels, and blood function Investigates organ systems and disorders that might affect them - Explores influences of sex cell production and maturation - Examines fertility and conception - Examines how gas exchange occurs between lungs and blood vessels - Studies how heart pumps blood - Explores parameters of healthy blood pressure
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Investigates organ systems and disorders that might affect them RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY - Examines how gas exchange occurs between lungs and blood vessels REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY - Explores influences of sex cell production and maturation - Examines fertility and conception CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY - Studies how heart pumps blood - Explores parameters of healthy blood pressure - Examines how heart, blood vessels, and blood function
Investigating the function of an organ systems in a disease state best describes: - Cardiovascular physiology. - Respiratory physiology. - Pathophysiology. - Reproductive physiology
Pathophysiology
Choose the statement that best exemplifies the interrelated nature of anatomy and physiology: The ovaries are involved in the production of gametes as well as production of hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells, which is appropriate for organs where filtration and diffusion occur The stomach is involved in mechanical and chemical digestion, and secretes many enzymes as well as hormones The iris of the eye consists of two layers of smooth muscle innervated by the autonomic nervous system
Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells, which is appropriate for organs where filtration and diffusion occur
Label the components of a homeostatic control mechanism using the terms provided - Stimulus - Receptor - Control centre - Effector - Homeostasis restored
Stimulus - changes in a variable that is regulated (e.g., temp., stretch in muscle) Receptor - structure that detects the stimulus (e.g., sensory neurons in skin, stretch receptors in muscle) Control centre - integrates input and initiates change through effector Effector - structure that bring about a change to the stimulus Homeostasis restored
Check all that apply to positive feedback: The effector drives the variable back to a set point A change is amplified, driving the body away from homeostasis Homeostasis is maintained by the effector opposing a change in the variable The change in a variable is increased until a climactic event occurs
The effector drives the variable back to a set point The change in a variable is increased until a climactic event occurs