CH 10

The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss.

fluoride

The science that studies food and nourishment, including food composition and the physiological effects of food on the body, is

nutrition

Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT

oats

Melinda baked a piece of salmon for dinner. On the side, she had a large mixed-green salad topped with toasted walnuts. This meal is rich in

omega 3 fatty acids

Tomi cooked a vegetarian stir-fry for dinner. He included slices of shallots, red pepper, carrots, spinach, and brown rice. This meal is rich in

phytochemicals

A grain that contains the bran, germ, and endosperm is a

whole grain

Which of the following is the most energy-dense source of calories in the human diet?

fats

The following are all tips for mindful eating EXCEPT:

finish all food on plate

Which is NOT a good source of folate?

fish

One medium fruit serving is about the size of a(n)

fist/baseball

To ensure safety, leftovers that have been properly wrapped and refrigerated should be eaten within

3 days

What percentage of a person's body weight is water?

50-70%

What percentage of fruits and vegetables is water?

80-95%

Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is true?

A majority of Americans takes at least one dietary supplement.

What is the difference between a portion and a serving?

A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.

Which of the following is TRUE about calories?

Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.

High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries.

HDL

Which of the following BEST describes appetite?

It is more psychological than physiological.

Which of the following is FALSE about fiber?

It is the digestible portion of plant foods.

Which of the following is TRUE about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?

They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.

Which substances protect against oxidative stress and the resultant cell damage?

antioxidants

Which of the following could be included in a vegan diet?

apples

Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order?

baked potato with salsa

How can you eat well and save money when living as a student on a tight budget?

buy and eat veggies when in season

Which of the following provides a ready source of energy for daily activities?

carbs

Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein?

chicken breast

Which of the following has the most saturated fat?

coconut oil

What type of proteins contain all nine essential amino acids?

complete

A condition in which a person experiences a depletion of body fluids is

dehydration

One of the keys to eating well in college is to

eat a complete breakfast

Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called

empty calories

Foods believed to have additional health benefits beyond the basic nutrition they provide are known as

functional foods

High-fiber diets may help decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT

fybromalgia

The body converts all forms of simple sugars into which of the following substances to provide energy to cells?

glucose

The form of a sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles and broken down when the body requires a burst of energy is

glycogen

Multivitamin-mineral supplements are generally NOT recommended for which of the following groups of people?

healthy individuals wanting to boost their energy levels

The ideal cholesterol ratio for an individual would include

high HDL and low LDL

The physiological need to eat to sustain life is

hunger

An increase in the spread of foodborne illness could be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

increased consumption of locally grown or raised food

The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is

iron defficiency

The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to

make them more solid at room temp

All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT

milk

Which of the following play a role in developing and repairing bone, muscle, skin, and blood cells?

proteins

Dietary fats that are solid at room temperature are made up mostly of

saturated fatty acids

Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for

short term energy

Which type of fiber combines with water to form a gel-like substance and can be digested by bacteria in the colon?

soluble

Nutrients are

the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly.

Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are

trace minerals

Which form of fat poses high risks for heart disease and cardiac-related death?

trans fats

When liquid oils are hydrogenated,

trans fatty acids are produced

A person who avoids all foods and food products of animal origin, including dairy and eggs, is a

vegan

The MyPlate graphic encourages Americans to make which of the following food groups the largest portion of their plate at each meal?

veggies

Which of the following vitamins is readily excreted from the body in urine and unlikely to develop to toxic levels?

vitamin c

Potent and essential organic compounds that promote growth and help to maintain life and health are

vitamins

Which of the following nutrients is the major component of blood?

water