Ch 12 study practice
The viral explanation for schizophrenia suggests that brain abnormalities, and therefore schizophrenia, result from viral exposure:
before birth
An emergency medical technician (EMT) arrives at the scene of a bad car accident and calmly prepares a severly injured passenger for transport to a hospital while others at the scene are screaming and crying with fear and grief. The EMT's training has resulted in behavior similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:
blunted affect
A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing anhedonia is displaying:
blunted or flat affect
A mother experiences "baby blues" shortly after delivering a child. The chances that she later will develop postpartum psychosis are closest to:
1 in 1,000
What percentage of the world population is estimated to have schizophrenia
1 percent
What is the rate of concordance for schizophrenia in identical twins
40-50 percent
For the first two weeks after starting college, a student can't seem to talk coherently and is generally unresponsive to the moods of other students in the same dorm. Soon, the student resumes normal patterns of speaking and social interaction. This is an example of:
brief psychotic disorder
Which statement about genetic factors in schizophrenia is accurate?
Close relatives of those with schizophrenia are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than distant relatives of those with schizophrenia
If a person receives the chemical L-dopa, a precursor of dopamine, it reduces the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, L-dopa may increase symptoms of schizophrenia. What might one reasonably conclude from this
Excessive dopamine produces schizophrenic symptoms
Which statement accurately represents the "rational path to madness"?
I experience disturbing symptoms. I talk them over with others. Others say I am imagining things. I decide others are lying to me
Why are people who take medication for schizophrenia often given medication that helps control shaking and tremors?
Medication used to treat schizophrenia leads to Parkinson-like symptoms
Does research support the thinking that there is a "schizophrenia gene"
No: schizophrenia is probably a polygenic disorder, and we know the exact genes
Most contemporary psychodynamic theorists would agree with which statement?
Schizophrenogenic mothers, if they do exist, don't create children with schizophrenia
What is a tactile hallucination
There are invisible bugs crawling under my tingling skin
Studies relation rates of diagnosis of schizophrenia to poverty and race show
a connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and both race and poverty
A new medication for schizophrenia appears to work because it blocks dopamine from binding to a receptor. The medication functions as:
a dopamine antagonist
Symptoms of postpartum psychosis appear to be triggered by:
a large shift in hormones occurring just after childbirth
A person with schizophrenia demonstrates poverty of speech and experiences auditory hallucinations. According to the "Type I-Type II" evaluation categorization, this person would be:
a mix of Type I and Type II
In genera, the closer that people are genetically related to someone with schizophrenia, the more likely they are to be diagnosed with schizophrenia as well. This is evidence of:
a positive correlation between a schizophrenia diagnosis and closeness of relationship
According to psychodynamic theorist Frieda Fromm-Reichmann(1948), schizophrenia is caused by:
a schizophrenogenic mother
Martin is a person with schizophrenia who feels ambivalent about most issues/ Has has no goals and does not seem to have the energy or interest to think about them. He certainly cannot make decisions. He is MOST likely suffering from:
ahedonia
The decrease in the fluency and productivity of speech that is seen in schizophrenia is specifically termed:
alogia
The cognitive view of schizophrenia is based on the assumption that those with schizophrenia experience strange and unreal sensations:
and then tell their friends and family, who deny the reality of the sensations
Families that display high levels of expressed emotion do all EXCEPT:
approve of one another's actions
In 2001, Andrea Yates, showing symptoms of postpartum psychosis, drowned her five children. Assuming she was suffering from postpartum psychosis, her actions were:
atypical, less than 5 percent of women with postpartum psychosis her or attempt to her their offspring
The MOST common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is:
auditory
A person with schizophrenia who hears all the animals around her making plans to get her ready for the ball, and comes to think of herself as Cinderella, is experiencing a(n) ____ hallucination and a delusion of ____.
auditory, grandeur
I sit staring at a blank page, unable to make myself write a new multiple-choice test item; I just don't seem to care. My behavior is like that of people with schizophrenia displaying the symptom called:
avolition
People with schizophrenia who wave their arms around in wild motions and make kicking motions with their legs are experiencing
catatonic excitement
Those with schizophrenia who hold awkward and bizarre positions for long periods of time are experiencing:
catatonic posturing
Those with schizophrenia who remain standing for hours and resist efforts to be moved are experiencing:
catatonic rigidity
Noreen has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She is totally unresponsive to her environment. She does not move for hours on end and never responds to contact from others. This is an example of:
catatonic stupor
Those with schizophrenia who stop responding to their environment and remain motionless and silent for long periods of time are experiencing:
catatonic stupor
Which two pairs MOST closely represent opposites in terms of the behavior you would observe in people with schizophrenia?
catatonic stupor and catatonic excitement
The "rational path to madness" is MOST consistent with a:
cognitive orientation
Occasionally, you see or hear things. Your friends tell you it's your imagination, but eventually, you come to think your friends are hiding something and you develop delusions of persecution to explain their behavior. This thinking leads you down the "rational path to madness. This scenario is consistent with the:
cognitive view
A person is labeled by the community as having schizophrenia. Based on available evidence, it is MOST likely that:
community members, and the person, will have a more negative view of the person
A person acts extremely jealous all the time and complains bitterly whenever other people appear to be getting more attention. This has been going on for a couple of months, and the person shows no other substantial symptoms. The BEST diagnosis, assuming the extreme jealousy has no basis in fact, is:
delusional disorder
"I am the Virgin Mary, and I've come to give birth to a new savior," says someone experiencing:
delusions of grandeur
Rosa is sure that her family is planning to kidnap her and take her inheritance. She has found her husband talking on the phone in whispers and seen her children looking at her strangely. Rosa is MOST likely suffering from:
delusions of persecution
Antonio believes that the anchor on the evening television news is speaking directly and personally to him. He even goes to the television studio to talk to the anchor. Antonio is suffering from:
delusions of reference
Patients are more likely to recover from schizophrenia if they:
demonstrated good good premorbid functioning
Recently, the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia has been challenged because it has been discovered that:
effective new drugs suggest abnormal neurotransmitter activity of serotonin as well as dopamine
A person is socially withdrawn, speaks in odd ways, has strange ideas, and expresses little emotion, but she is not displaying full-blown schizophrenic symptoms. What phase of schizophrenia is this person in?
either prodromal or residual
When Janice drinks her milk, she is sure from the taste that someone put salt in it. Janice is most likely experiencing a(n) _______ hallucination
gustatory
The main difference between hallucinations and delusions is that:
hallucinations involve perceptions and delusions involve belief
A particular country has a nearly 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia. That country:
has a higher-than-average schizophrenia prevalence
The complete remission rate for those diagnosed with schizophrenia is:
higher in developing countries than in undeveloped countries, possible because of better family and social support
The data from studies of the biological and adoptive parents of children who receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia as adults show that the concordance rate of schizophrenia with biological relatives is:
higher than with adoptive relatives
Postpartum psychosis occurs
in about 0.1 percent of women, beginning soon after childbirth
A person with schizophrenia who laughs when told sad news and screams in situations that most people see as warm and tender is experiencing
inappropriate affect
In the middle of a calm conversation, a person with Tourette's syndrome might suddenly begin shouting and follow that with a string of obscenities. This is similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:
inappropriate affect
Research with those experiencing auditory hallucinations has NOT demonstrated:
increased blood flow in the cerebellum
People with schizophrenia have NOT been found to have:
larger amounts of cortical gray matter
Compared to African Americans, white Americans are:
less likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia and less likely to be institutionalized
Compared to those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developing countries, those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developed countries are:
less likely to recover fully and more likely to be hospitalized
A person with schizophrenia who says, "It's cold today. My cold is better but I got it from the nurse. She is a blonde who lives in Manhattan. I live in Manhattan with Jimmy Carter," is experiencing:
loose associations
Psychosis means:
loss of contact with reality.
A person with schizophrenia who is feeling apathetic, drained and unable to start or follow through on any projects is displaying:
loss of volition
The link between dopamine and schizophrenia is supported by the finding that:
lower dopamine activity helps remove schizophrenic symptoms
Schizophrenia is a found in all socioeconomic classes. However, it is MOST likely to be found in someone from a:
lower socioeconomic level
If someone had the delusion of being an animal, the person MOST likely would be experiencing:
lycanthropy
A person diagnosed with schizophrenia is not hospitalized, yet eventually shows complete remission of symptoms. This pattern is:
more typical of what happens in developing countries
Armand does not feel much emotion and does not really want to do anything. He has also completely withdrawn from his friends and family. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia
negative
Poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal are all examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia
negative
A women has just been diagnosed with postpartum depression. MOST likely, she will:
neither progress to postpartum psychosis nor physically harm her child
Shelly is sitting on the couch with her husband and children when suddenly she smells smoke. However, no one else can smell the smoke and there is no fire. What is she experiencing?
olfactory hallucinations
According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia
people with a biological predisposition for schizophrenia will develop it if certain psychosocial stressors are also present
"Insects make me itch. My brother collects them he is 5 feet 10 inches tall. That's my favorite number. I dance and draw." Such speech illustrates which type of symptom of schizophrenia?
positive
Delusions, disorganized thinking and speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, and inappropriate affect are examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia
positive
Millie sees pretty, colored butterflies on all the walls. She also hears gentle music, which is not actually there. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia.
positive
The stage of the development of schizophrenia marked by deterioration of function and the display of some mild symptoms is called the:
prodromal phase
The inability to move limbs in catatonic schizophrenia illustrates ____ symptoms of schizophrenia
psychomotor
Delia does not display all the full-blown schizophrenia symptoms anymore. Occasionally, a shadow of a symptom appears. She is a bit withdrawn and not entirely clear all the time, but she can marginally function in the world. This is an example of:
residual schizophrenia
A middle-aged individual shows many of the negative symptoms have lasted almost a year. This is an example of:
schizoaffective disorder
Which is NOT related to a fuller recovery from schizophrenia
schizophrenia developing in early life
During a postmortem analysis on a sample of brain tissue, you found enlarged ventricles. This is MOST likely to be evidence of:
schizophrenia involving mainly negative symptoms
Researchers found that phenothiazines reduced psychotic symptoms but also caused Parkinsonian
schizophrenia is tied to excessive dopamine
Those with schizophrenia who are unable to recognize other people's needs and emotions and who also distance themselves from reality are displaying:
social withdrawal
People around those who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia begin to treat them as if they are "crazy" expecting and overreacting to odd behaviors that they might not even notice in others. This observation is MOST consistent with the _______ understanding of schizophrenia
sociocultural
Recent research shows that if one identical twin develops schizophrenia, there is almost a 50 percent chance the other twin develop schizophrenia. If future research confirms this finding, we have evidence of:
strong environmental and strong genetic components of schizophrenia
A young adult used LSD and now experiences hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. This would be referred to as:
substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder
David Rosenhan (1973) sent eight normal people to various psychiatric hospitals. All eight complained of hearing voices that said " empty", "hollow" and "thud" After being admitted to one of the hospitals, each person acted normally, yet all were diagnosed as having schizophrenia. One of the conclusions from this study is that:
the expectations produced by labeling can alter perception
If you could "get inside the head" of a person experiencing auditory hallucinations, you would MOST likely find that :
the person actually produces nerve signals of sound in his brain
If schizophrenia depended solely on genetic make-up, then compared to rates of schizophrenia in siblings in general, "fraternal" twins should have:
the same concordance rate for schizophrenia
Which group of relatives of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia shows the correct sequence from having the highest concordance rate for schizophrenia to having the lowest concordance rate for schizophrenia?
sibling, parent, first cousin
Based on family pedigree studies, which relative of an individual with a diagnosis of schizophrenia would be MOST at risk for developing the disorder
sister
Downward drift is BEST reflected in which statement?
Schizophrenia causes people to fall into poverty and social disruption
Which statement BEST fits the evidence for the biological basis of schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia is a polygenetic disorder, probably impacting brain structure and chemical activity
While Type I schizophrenia is dominated by ____ symptoms, Type II schizophrenia is dominated by ______ symptoms
positive, negative
A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:
poverty of speech
Which BEST supports the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia
Antipsychotic drugs often produce Parkinson-like symptoms
Which is the BEST example of a finding from genetic linkage and molecular biology studies?
Gene defects on certain chromosomes predispose one to schizophrenia
What is a somatic hallucination?
My intestines are a mass of wiggling worms
Which is an example of the MOST common type of hallucination?
That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along
Regarding likelihood of recovery and types of symptoms exhibited, which would be the WORST disorder to have?
Type II schizophrenia
Which is NOT consistent with the most common pattern of schizophrenia
Women develop the disorder earlier and more severely than men
A patient with schizophrenia who is mute, statue-like, and fails to participate in the hospital routine is MOST likely experiencing symptoms of:
catatonia
Since 1950, interest in psychological explanation for schizophrenia, as opposed to genetic and biological explanations, have:
decreased, than increased
The finding that the highest rates of schizophrenia are found among people who are born during the winter supports which theory of schizophrenia
viral theory
