Ch 12 study practice

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The viral explanation for schizophrenia suggests that brain abnormalities, and therefore schizophrenia, result from viral exposure:

before birth

An emergency medical technician (EMT) arrives at the scene of a bad car accident and calmly prepares a severly injured passenger for transport to a hospital while others at the scene are screaming and crying with fear and grief. The EMT's training has resulted in behavior similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:

blunted affect

A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing anhedonia is displaying:

blunted or flat affect

A mother experiences "baby blues" shortly after delivering a child. The chances that she later will develop postpartum psychosis are closest to:

1 in 1,000

What percentage of the world population is estimated to have schizophrenia

1 percent

What is the rate of concordance for schizophrenia in identical twins

40-50 percent

For the first two weeks after starting college, a student can't seem to talk coherently and is generally unresponsive to the moods of other students in the same dorm. Soon, the student resumes normal patterns of speaking and social interaction. This is an example of:

brief psychotic disorder

Which statement about genetic factors in schizophrenia is accurate?

Close relatives of those with schizophrenia are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than distant relatives of those with schizophrenia

If a person receives the chemical L-dopa, a precursor of dopamine, it reduces the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, L-dopa may increase symptoms of schizophrenia. What might one reasonably conclude from this

Excessive dopamine produces schizophrenic symptoms

Which statement accurately represents the "rational path to madness"?

I experience disturbing symptoms. I talk them over with others. Others say I am imagining things. I decide others are lying to me

Why are people who take medication for schizophrenia often given medication that helps control shaking and tremors?

Medication used to treat schizophrenia leads to Parkinson-like symptoms

Does research support the thinking that there is a "schizophrenia gene"

No: schizophrenia is probably a polygenic disorder, and we know the exact genes

Most contemporary psychodynamic theorists would agree with which statement?

Schizophrenogenic mothers, if they do exist, don't create children with schizophrenia

What is a tactile hallucination

There are invisible bugs crawling under my tingling skin

Studies relation rates of diagnosis of schizophrenia to poverty and race show

a connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and both race and poverty

A new medication for schizophrenia appears to work because it blocks dopamine from binding to a receptor. The medication functions as:

a dopamine antagonist

Symptoms of postpartum psychosis appear to be triggered by:

a large shift in hormones occurring just after childbirth

A person with schizophrenia demonstrates poverty of speech and experiences auditory hallucinations. According to the "Type I-Type II" evaluation categorization, this person would be:

a mix of Type I and Type II

In genera, the closer that people are genetically related to someone with schizophrenia, the more likely they are to be diagnosed with schizophrenia as well. This is evidence of:

a positive correlation between a schizophrenia diagnosis and closeness of relationship

According to psychodynamic theorist Frieda Fromm-Reichmann(1948), schizophrenia is caused by:

a schizophrenogenic mother

Martin is a person with schizophrenia who feels ambivalent about most issues/ Has has no goals and does not seem to have the energy or interest to think about them. He certainly cannot make decisions. He is MOST likely suffering from:

ahedonia

The decrease in the fluency and productivity of speech that is seen in schizophrenia is specifically termed:

alogia

The cognitive view of schizophrenia is based on the assumption that those with schizophrenia experience strange and unreal sensations:

and then tell their friends and family, who deny the reality of the sensations

Families that display high levels of expressed emotion do all EXCEPT:

approve of one another's actions

In 2001, Andrea Yates, showing symptoms of postpartum psychosis, drowned her five children. Assuming she was suffering from postpartum psychosis, her actions were:

atypical, less than 5 percent of women with postpartum psychosis her or attempt to her their offspring

The MOST common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is:

auditory

A person with schizophrenia who hears all the animals around her making plans to get her ready for the ball, and comes to think of herself as Cinderella, is experiencing a(n) ____ hallucination and a delusion of ____.

auditory, grandeur

I sit staring at a blank page, unable to make myself write a new multiple-choice test item; I just don't seem to care. My behavior is like that of people with schizophrenia displaying the symptom called:

avolition

People with schizophrenia who wave their arms around in wild motions and make kicking motions with their legs are experiencing

catatonic excitement

Those with schizophrenia who hold awkward and bizarre positions for long periods of time are experiencing:

catatonic posturing

Those with schizophrenia who remain standing for hours and resist efforts to be moved are experiencing:

catatonic rigidity

Noreen has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She is totally unresponsive to her environment. She does not move for hours on end and never responds to contact from others. This is an example of:

catatonic stupor

Those with schizophrenia who stop responding to their environment and remain motionless and silent for long periods of time are experiencing:

catatonic stupor

Which two pairs MOST closely represent opposites in terms of the behavior you would observe in people with schizophrenia?

catatonic stupor and catatonic excitement

The "rational path to madness" is MOST consistent with a:

cognitive orientation

Occasionally, you see or hear things. Your friends tell you it's your imagination, but eventually, you come to think your friends are hiding something and you develop delusions of persecution to explain their behavior. This thinking leads you down the "rational path to madness. This scenario is consistent with the:

cognitive view

A person is labeled by the community as having schizophrenia. Based on available evidence, it is MOST likely that:

community members, and the person, will have a more negative view of the person

A person acts extremely jealous all the time and complains bitterly whenever other people appear to be getting more attention. This has been going on for a couple of months, and the person shows no other substantial symptoms. The BEST diagnosis, assuming the extreme jealousy has no basis in fact, is:

delusional disorder

"I am the Virgin Mary, and I've come to give birth to a new savior," says someone experiencing:

delusions of grandeur

Rosa is sure that her family is planning to kidnap her and take her inheritance. She has found her husband talking on the phone in whispers and seen her children looking at her strangely. Rosa is MOST likely suffering from:

delusions of persecution

Antonio believes that the anchor on the evening television news is speaking directly and personally to him. He even goes to the television studio to talk to the anchor. Antonio is suffering from:

delusions of reference

Patients are more likely to recover from schizophrenia if they:

demonstrated good good premorbid functioning

Recently, the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia has been challenged because it has been discovered that:

effective new drugs suggest abnormal neurotransmitter activity of serotonin as well as dopamine

A person is socially withdrawn, speaks in odd ways, has strange ideas, and expresses little emotion, but she is not displaying full-blown schizophrenic symptoms. What phase of schizophrenia is this person in?

either prodromal or residual

When Janice drinks her milk, she is sure from the taste that someone put salt in it. Janice is most likely experiencing a(n) _______ hallucination

gustatory

The main difference between hallucinations and delusions is that:

hallucinations involve perceptions and delusions involve belief

A particular country has a nearly 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia. That country:

has a higher-than-average schizophrenia prevalence

The complete remission rate for those diagnosed with schizophrenia is:

higher in developing countries than in undeveloped countries, possible because of better family and social support

The data from studies of the biological and adoptive parents of children who receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia as adults show that the concordance rate of schizophrenia with biological relatives is:

higher than with adoptive relatives

Postpartum psychosis occurs

in about 0.1 percent of women, beginning soon after childbirth

A person with schizophrenia who laughs when told sad news and screams in situations that most people see as warm and tender is experiencing

inappropriate affect

In the middle of a calm conversation, a person with Tourette's syndrome might suddenly begin shouting and follow that with a string of obscenities. This is similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:

inappropriate affect

Research with those experiencing auditory hallucinations has NOT demonstrated:

increased blood flow in the cerebellum

People with schizophrenia have NOT been found to have:

larger amounts of cortical gray matter

Compared to African Americans, white Americans are:

less likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia and less likely to be institutionalized

Compared to those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developing countries, those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developed countries are:

less likely to recover fully and more likely to be hospitalized

A person with schizophrenia who says, "It's cold today. My cold is better but I got it from the nurse. She is a blonde who lives in Manhattan. I live in Manhattan with Jimmy Carter," is experiencing:

loose associations

Psychosis means:

loss of contact with reality.

A person with schizophrenia who is feeling apathetic, drained and unable to start or follow through on any projects is displaying:

loss of volition

The link between dopamine and schizophrenia is supported by the finding that:

lower dopamine activity helps remove schizophrenic symptoms

Schizophrenia is a found in all socioeconomic classes. However, it is MOST likely to be found in someone from a:

lower socioeconomic level

If someone had the delusion of being an animal, the person MOST likely would be experiencing:

lycanthropy

A person diagnosed with schizophrenia is not hospitalized, yet eventually shows complete remission of symptoms. This pattern is:

more typical of what happens in developing countries

Armand does not feel much emotion and does not really want to do anything. He has also completely withdrawn from his friends and family. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia

negative

Poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal are all examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia

negative

A women has just been diagnosed with postpartum depression. MOST likely, she will:

neither progress to postpartum psychosis nor physically harm her child

Shelly is sitting on the couch with her husband and children when suddenly she smells smoke. However, no one else can smell the smoke and there is no fire. What is she experiencing?

olfactory hallucinations

According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia

people with a biological predisposition for schizophrenia will develop it if certain psychosocial stressors are also present

"Insects make me itch. My brother collects them he is 5 feet 10 inches tall. That's my favorite number. I dance and draw." Such speech illustrates which type of symptom of schizophrenia?

positive

Delusions, disorganized thinking and speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, and inappropriate affect are examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia

positive

Millie sees pretty, colored butterflies on all the walls. She also hears gentle music, which is not actually there. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia.

positive

The stage of the development of schizophrenia marked by deterioration of function and the display of some mild symptoms is called the:

prodromal phase

The inability to move limbs in catatonic schizophrenia illustrates ____ symptoms of schizophrenia

psychomotor

Delia does not display all the full-blown schizophrenia symptoms anymore. Occasionally, a shadow of a symptom appears. She is a bit withdrawn and not entirely clear all the time, but she can marginally function in the world. This is an example of:

residual schizophrenia

A middle-aged individual shows many of the negative symptoms have lasted almost a year. This is an example of:

schizoaffective disorder

Which is NOT related to a fuller recovery from schizophrenia

schizophrenia developing in early life

During a postmortem analysis on a sample of brain tissue, you found enlarged ventricles. This is MOST likely to be evidence of:

schizophrenia involving mainly negative symptoms

Researchers found that phenothiazines reduced psychotic symptoms but also caused Parkinsonian

schizophrenia is tied to excessive dopamine

Those with schizophrenia who are unable to recognize other people's needs and emotions and who also distance themselves from reality are displaying:

social withdrawal

People around those who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia begin to treat them as if they are "crazy" expecting and overreacting to odd behaviors that they might not even notice in others. This observation is MOST consistent with the _______ understanding of schizophrenia

sociocultural

Recent research shows that if one identical twin develops schizophrenia, there is almost a 50 percent chance the other twin develop schizophrenia. If future research confirms this finding, we have evidence of:

strong environmental and strong genetic components of schizophrenia

A young adult used LSD and now experiences hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. This would be referred to as:

substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder

David Rosenhan (1973) sent eight normal people to various psychiatric hospitals. All eight complained of hearing voices that said " empty", "hollow" and "thud" After being admitted to one of the hospitals, each person acted normally, yet all were diagnosed as having schizophrenia. One of the conclusions from this study is that:

the expectations produced by labeling can alter perception

If you could "get inside the head" of a person experiencing auditory hallucinations, you would MOST likely find that :

the person actually produces nerve signals of sound in his brain

If schizophrenia depended solely on genetic make-up, then compared to rates of schizophrenia in siblings in general, "fraternal" twins should have:

the same concordance rate for schizophrenia

Which group of relatives of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia shows the correct sequence from having the highest concordance rate for schizophrenia to having the lowest concordance rate for schizophrenia?

sibling, parent, first cousin

Based on family pedigree studies, which relative of an individual with a diagnosis of schizophrenia would be MOST at risk for developing the disorder

sister

Downward drift is BEST reflected in which statement?

Schizophrenia causes people to fall into poverty and social disruption

Which statement BEST fits the evidence for the biological basis of schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a polygenetic disorder, probably impacting brain structure and chemical activity

While Type I schizophrenia is dominated by ____ symptoms, Type II schizophrenia is dominated by ______ symptoms

positive, negative

A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:

poverty of speech

Which BEST supports the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia

Antipsychotic drugs often produce Parkinson-like symptoms

Which is the BEST example of a finding from genetic linkage and molecular biology studies?

Gene defects on certain chromosomes predispose one to schizophrenia

What is a somatic hallucination?

My intestines are a mass of wiggling worms

Which is an example of the MOST common type of hallucination?

That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along

Regarding likelihood of recovery and types of symptoms exhibited, which would be the WORST disorder to have?

Type II schizophrenia

Which is NOT consistent with the most common pattern of schizophrenia

Women develop the disorder earlier and more severely than men

A patient with schizophrenia who is mute, statue-like, and fails to participate in the hospital routine is MOST likely experiencing symptoms of:

catatonia

Since 1950, interest in psychological explanation for schizophrenia, as opposed to genetic and biological explanations, have:

decreased, than increased

The finding that the highest rates of schizophrenia are found among people who are born during the winter supports which theory of schizophrenia

viral theory


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