Ch 15 urinary system

18. This cells form a porous membrane surrounding the endothelial cells of the glomerulus

Podocytes

5. In which segment of the nephron would you find cuboidal cells with many microvilli and mitochondria?

Proximal convoluted tubule

Know all the veins that drain the kidney

Renal veins drain the kidney (they also connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava)

15. The pathway taken by blood from the renal artery to the afferent arteriole is, in correct sequence, ________.

Segmental artery Interlobar artery Arcuate artery Cortical radiate artery

16. The veins that drain the kidney include all of those bellow except

Segmental veins

20. This type of epithelium is found lining the inside of the urinary bladder

Transitional epithelium The transitional epithelium cells have the ability to slide over one another decreasing thickness of the mucosa layer as the bladder fills to accommodate increased urine volume

22. Urine formed by three processes. In which process do filtrate components that are useful to the body move from the nephron into the blood ?

Tubular reabsorption

22. Urine is formed by three processes. In which process do filtrate components that are useful to the body move from the nephron into the blood?

Tubular reabsorption

17. The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the

Afferent arteriole

Many nephrons empty into

Collecting duct

14. What is the outermost portion of the kidney called?

Cortex

8. Nephrons consist of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscles are located in the ______ of the kidney

Cortex

The functional units of the kidney, the nephrons, are located primarily in the renal

Cortex

3. Blood flows from the peritubular capillary to the renal vein through this sequence of vessels.

Cortical radiate vein Arcuate vein Interlobar vein

10. The functions of the urinary system

Excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid based and fluid balance

23. What is true about the renal processes for making urine?

Filtration occurs only in the glomerular capsule

4. During filtration in the nephron, substances move

From the glomerulus into the nephron

21. Tubular secretion in the nephrons is a process by which substances move _____

From the peritubular capillary into the nephron

1. A fenestrated squamous epithelium can be observed in this structure within the kidney

Glomerulus

19. This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron.

Glomerulus

6. List part of the nephron in correct sequential order ________

Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Nephron loop

6.Know the parts of the nephron in correct order

Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Nephron loop

12. The juxtamedullar nephrons

Have a nephron loop that penetrate deep into the renal medulla, and play an important role in concentrating urine

The renal artery enters the kidney at this indented area.

Hilum

2. As urine is formed it flows through the collecting ducts to enter, in order, the what structures

Minor Calyces Major Calyces Renal pelvis Ureter

25. Which of the following directly enclose the papilla of the renal pyramid?

Minor Calyx

7. Name the structures in the kidneys that produce urine

Nephrons

7. What structures in the kidney produce urine?

Nephrons

24. What is true about the urethral sphincters?

The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control

Know about the renal processes for making urine

The nephrons of the kidneys process blood and create urine through a process of filtration, reabsorption and secretion.

Know the urethral sphincters

Urethral sphincter are two muscles used to control the exit of urine in the urinary bladder through the urethra External urethral sphincter - made up of striated muscle and is under voluntary control Internal urethral sphincter- made up of smooth muscle and under involuntary control

Micturition is a synonym for

Urination

13. The nephron loops (loops of Henle) of the juxtamedullary nephrons surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the

Vasa recta

11. juxtaglomerular apparatus

is found where the most distal part of the ascending limb of the nephron loop touches the afferent arteriole, contains granular cells in the afferent arteriole that sense blood pressure, and contair region of chemoreceptor cells called the macula densa in the distal nephron loop

9. Of the following urinary system organs, major homeostatic functions are performed by the

kidneys