Ch 15 urinary system
18. This cells form a porous membrane surrounding the endothelial cells of the glomerulus
Podocytes
5. In which segment of the nephron would you find cuboidal cells with many microvilli and mitochondria?
Proximal convoluted tubule
Know all the veins that drain the kidney
Renal veins drain the kidney (they also connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava)
15. The pathway taken by blood from the renal artery to the afferent arteriole is, in correct sequence, ________.
Segmental artery Interlobar artery Arcuate artery Cortical radiate artery
16. The veins that drain the kidney include all of those bellow except
Segmental veins
20. This type of epithelium is found lining the inside of the urinary bladder
Transitional epithelium The transitional epithelium cells have the ability to slide over one another decreasing thickness of the mucosa layer as the bladder fills to accommodate increased urine volume
22. Urine formed by three processes. In which process do filtrate components that are useful to the body move from the nephron into the blood ?
Tubular reabsorption
22. Urine is formed by three processes. In which process do filtrate components that are useful to the body move from the nephron into the blood?
Tubular reabsorption
17. The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the
Afferent arteriole
Many nephrons empty into
Collecting duct
14. What is the outermost portion of the kidney called?
Cortex
8. Nephrons consist of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscles are located in the ______ of the kidney
Cortex
The functional units of the kidney, the nephrons, are located primarily in the renal
Cortex
3. Blood flows from the peritubular capillary to the renal vein through this sequence of vessels.
Cortical radiate vein Arcuate vein Interlobar vein
10. The functions of the urinary system
Excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid based and fluid balance
23. What is true about the renal processes for making urine?
Filtration occurs only in the glomerular capsule
4. During filtration in the nephron, substances move
From the glomerulus into the nephron
21. Tubular secretion in the nephrons is a process by which substances move _____
From the peritubular capillary into the nephron
1. A fenestrated squamous epithelium can be observed in this structure within the kidney
Glomerulus
19. This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron.
Glomerulus
6. List part of the nephron in correct sequential order ________
Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Nephron loop
6.Know the parts of the nephron in correct order
Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Nephron loop
12. The juxtamedullar nephrons
Have a nephron loop that penetrate deep into the renal medulla, and play an important role in concentrating urine
The renal artery enters the kidney at this indented area.
Hilum
2. As urine is formed it flows through the collecting ducts to enter, in order, the what structures
Minor Calyces Major Calyces Renal pelvis Ureter
25. Which of the following directly enclose the papilla of the renal pyramid?
Minor Calyx
7. Name the structures in the kidneys that produce urine
Nephrons
7. What structures in the kidney produce urine?
Nephrons
24. What is true about the urethral sphincters?
The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control
Know about the renal processes for making urine
The nephrons of the kidneys process blood and create urine through a process of filtration, reabsorption and secretion.
Know the urethral sphincters
Urethral sphincter are two muscles used to control the exit of urine in the urinary bladder through the urethra External urethral sphincter - made up of striated muscle and is under voluntary control Internal urethral sphincter- made up of smooth muscle and under involuntary control
Micturition is a synonym for
Urination
13. The nephron loops (loops of Henle) of the juxtamedullary nephrons surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the
Vasa recta
11. juxtaglomerular apparatus
is found where the most distal part of the ascending limb of the nephron loop touches the afferent arteriole, contains granular cells in the afferent arteriole that sense blood pressure, and contair region of chemoreceptor cells called the macula densa in the distal nephron loop
9. Of the following urinary system organs, major homeostatic functions are performed by the
kidneys