Ch. 16 Study Guide
Mugwumps
(Renegade reformers)a republican political activists who boltedfrom the united states republican party by supporting democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the United States presidential elections of 1884
Wabash V. Illinois
allowed states to regulate railroads
President of the Post Civil War time Period
1865-1869 Andrew Johnson (R) 1869-1877 Ulysses S. Grant (R) 177-1881 Rutherford B. Hayes (R) 1881 James A. Garfield (R) 1881-1885 Chester A. Arthur (R) 1885-1889 Grover Cleveland (R) 1889-1893 Benjamin Harrison (R) 1893-1897 Grover Cleveland (D) 1897-1901 William McKinley (R) Jim Crow
Populist
A member of the people's party
Boooker T. Washington
African American educator who founded the Tuskegee institute.educator urged fellow african americans to concentrate on achieving economic goals rather than legal or political one.
W.E.B Du Bois
An intellectual leader in the United States as a sociologist, historian civil rights activist, Pan Africanist, author editor
McKinley tariff
Commonly called the McKinley Tariff was an act framed by Representative William McKinley that became law on October 1, 1890
Crime of 73
Congress had stopped the minting of silver dollars, an action later stigmatized by friends of silver as the Crime of 73.
Chester A Arthur
For vice president. Despite the party's feud,it's ticket managed to win the election. A few months into his presidency how-ever Garfield was assassinated
Benjamin Harrison
His Campaign was given large contributions by industrialist who wanted tariff protection,He won the election by winning the electoral vote, but not the popular vote.
Populist Party Pattern
Joined with African Americans took control of Kansas and Nebraska's legislature.
James. A Garfield
was assassinated a few months into his presidency. He was killed by a Stalwart who wanted a civil service job through the spoils system.
New Farming Technologies
Steel plow,Windmills,Barbed wire, Reapers,Threshers
Ida B. Wells
The American plain journalist,newspaper editor and with her husband newspaper owner Ferdinand L. Barnett and early leader in the civil rights movement
Homer Plessey
The American plaintiff in the United States Supreme Court decision in Plessy V. Ferguson
Panic of 1893
was caused by the bankruptcy of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroads. It resulted in the stock market crash and the closing of many banks.
Grover Cleveland
Was an opponent of Tammany Hall, the corrupt democratic political machine in New York city
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan for the president election of 1896,He strongly supported the unlimited coinage of silver. Populist also supported Bryan for presiden
Poll Tax
a tax of a portioned, fixed amount per individual in accordance with the census as opposed to a percent of income
Patronage
another name for the spoils system,in which government jobs or favors are given out to political allies and friends
Rutherford B. Hayes
attacked the practice of patronage.accused him of backing civil service reform to create openings of his own supporters
Goldbugs
believed gold should be the money currency,a person who believes that American currency should be based on a gold standard.
silver rights
believed silver should be the money currency.person who believes that coining silver currency in unlimited quantities will eliminate economic crisis
Populist Party
called for major reforms aimed at relieving farmers and workers from exploration by bank, railroads and merchants
Interstate Commerce Act
created an interstate commerce commission to oversee the conduct of the railroad industry.
Pendulous Act
established a merit-based system of selecting government officials and supervising their work.
1892 election
former President Grover Cleveland ran for re-election against the incumbent President Benjamin Harrison, who was also running for re-election segregation in the south jim crow laws
Granger
got together for educational purpose tired to pool cooperatives and none of their ideas improved farming
Husbandry
known as the Patron of Husbandry they made farming organization
Farmers Alliance co-ops and why they failed
was to form cooperatives,the farmers alliance failed because lack of capital,poor management and insufficient patron support.
Grandfather Clause
prevented black people from voting,allowed any man to vote if he had an ancestor on the voting rolls in 1867.
Sherman Anti-trust act
requires the United States federal Government to investigate and pursue trust,compains,and organizations suspected of violating the act
Segregation
separation of the races was different because laws enforced and perpetuated the discrimination. The statutes enforcing segregation were known as Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow
state and local laws in the united states enacted between 1876 and 1965
Election of 1876-1896
tariff reduction became a major issue. Between 1876-1896 republicans won 4 out of 6 presidential elections
Free sliver issue
the free coinage of silver,an end to protective tariffs and national banks,tighter regulation of the railroads,and direct election of seators by voter instead of by state legislatures
Lynching
the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob
Farming Technology
their prices on their crops dropped due to this.
Literacy Test
used to deny suffrage to African American. The first formal voter literacy tests were introduced in 1890.
Civil right act 1875
was a United States federal law proposed by Senator Charles Summer and Representative Benjamin F. Butler (both republicans) in 1870
Granger law
were a series of laws passed in western states of the United States after the American Civil War to regulate grain elevator and railroad freight rates and rebates and to address long- and short-haul discrimination and other railroad abuses against farmers
Populist
were people who supported the movement to increase farmers political power and to work for legislation in their interest