Ch. 17-18
According to The Social Contract, the "general will" was
A social consensus to which the individual must bow
The enlightened legal reforms expressed by Catherine the Great in her Instruction
Accomplished little due to heavy opposition and were soon forgotten
A key financial advantage the British government enjoyed over French rulers in the 18th century was
Britain's capacity to borrow large sums of money at low rates of Interest
By the end of the eighteenth century
Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline
Those rulers associated with the enlightened absolutism in the eighteenth century
Could never completely overcome the political and social realities of the time
High culture in eighteenth-century Europe was characterized by the
Enormous impact of the publishing industry
Deism is the belief that
God created the universe but does not actively run it
All of the following are correct about trade and commerce in the 18th century except
International trade had become greater than trade with in Europe
European warfare in the eighteenth century was characterized by
Limited objectives and elaborate maneuvers
France in the 18th century
Lost an empire while acquiring a huge public debt
The growth of reading and publishing in the eighteenth century was aided and characterized by the development of
Magazines for the General Public
There are European peasantry in the 18th century
Often owed extensive compulsory services to aristocratic landowners
The recognized capital of the Enlightenment was
Paris
The Austrian emperor Joseph II
Provoked general discontent do to his enlightened but radical reforms
The punishment of crime in the eighteenth century was often
Public and very gruesome
The dismemberment of Poland in the late 18th century
Showed the necessity of a strong, centralized monarchy to defend a state in the period
In eighteenth-century Europe, churches, both Catholic and Protestant
Still played a major role in social and spiritual areas
European Society in the 18th century witnessed
The continued dominance of the nuclear family
Politically, the period from 1715 to 1789 witnessed
The continuing process of centralization in the development of nation-states
European intellectual life in the eighteenth century was marked by
The emergence of secularization and a search to find the natural laws governing human life
The belief in natural laws underlying all areas of human life led to
The emergence of the "science of man"
During the second half of the eighteenth century
The rate of population growth was nearly double that of the first half of the century
A continuing trend in eighteenth-century of Prussia was
The social and military dominance of the Junker nobility
The French philosophes
Were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality
Enlightened thinkers can be understood as secularists because they strongly recommended
the application of the scientific method to the analysis & understanding of all aspects of human life