Ch 1&2

A sample average can be used to estimate a population average with greater precision if the sample is a. large b.a skewed distribution c.highly variable d.vivid and memorable

A

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together to keep you in a steady internal state called a. depolarization b.reuptake c.homeostasis d.the resting potential

C

Which part of your brain is essential for receiving information that you are moving your legs? a. corpus callosum b.hippocampus c.somatosensory cortex d.temporal lobes

C

A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a a. wording effect b.correlation coefficient c.placebo effect d.confounding variable

D

A lopsided distribution of scores in which the mean is much larger than both the mode and median is said to be a. statistically significant b.extrapolated c.a standard deviation d.skewed

D

A major issue that has emerged from debates over the use of animals in psychological research centers on a. whether operational definitions help to distinguish between animal and human functioning b.when use of the double-blind procedure is most appropriate in animal studies. c.whether experimental methods can reduce the need for descriptive methods in research involving animals d. what safeguards should protect the well-being of animals used in research

D

A statement describing the exact procedures for measuring an anticipated experimental outcome is known as a(n) a.hypothesis b.control condition c.replication d.operational definition

D

You feel the pain of a sprained ankle when ________ relay(s) messages from your ankle to your central nervous system a. the myelin sheath b.interneurons c.motor neurons d. sensory neurons

D

Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your a. cerebellum b.amygdala c.hypothalamus d.cerebral cortex

D

A researcher would be most likely to discover a positive correlation between a. intelligence and academic success b.financial poverty and physical health c.self esteem and depression d.school grades and school absences

A

If your __________ is destroyed, the left side of your brain could not control the movements of your right hand a. brainstem b.hippocampus c.amygdala d.hypothalamus

A

In a group of five individuals, two report annual incomes of $10,000, and the other three report incomes of $14,000, $15,000, and $31,000 respectively. The mode of this group's distribution of annual incomes is a. $10,000 b.$15,000 c.$16,000 d.$31,000

A

Six of the children in Mr. Myer's class were born exactly on the same day. This strikes him as astonishing and improbable. In this instance, he should be reminded that a. random sequences of events often don't look random b. events often seem more probable in hindsight c. we humans think we know more than we do d.intuition is usually correct

A

The study of psychology is potentially dangerous because a. psychological knowledge can be used for destructive purposes b. psychologists generally believe that people are not personally responsible for their actions c.psychological research usually necessitates performing stressful experiments on people d. psychological research typically violates personal privacy rights

A

A research method in which an investigator manipulates factors that potential produce a particular effect is called a(n): a. survey b.experiment c.case study d.correlation

B

If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are a. causally related b. negatively correlated c. independent variables d.positively correlated

B

Measures of central tendency are most useful for a. determining statistical significance b.summarizing data c.extrapolating from the sample to the population d. enabling measurement of more variable groups

B

Neural networks refer to a. the branching extensions of a neuron b.interrelated clusters of neurons in the central nervous system c. neural cables containing many axons d.junctions between sending and receiving neurons

B

Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in order to isolate a. facts from theories b.causes from effects c. case studies from surveys d.random samples from representative samples

B

Rodesia insists that Dr. Phillips' theory of aggression be checked against observable evidence. She is demonstrating the scientific attitude of a.pride b.skepticism c.practicality d.enthusiasm

B

The corpus callosum is a wide band of axon fibers that a. enables the left hemisphere to control the right side of the body b.transmits information between the cerebral hemispheres c. controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs d. transfers neural impulses from the somatosensory cortex to the motor cortex.

B

The hypothalamus influences the __________ to send messages to the ___________. a. adrenal glands,pancreas b.pituitarty,endocrine glands c.motor neurons, sensory neurons d.somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system

B

The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the a. synaptic gap b.spinal cord c.sympathetic nervous system d.parasympathetic nervous system

B

The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the a. dendrite b.axon c.cell body d.synapse

B

The part of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing is called the a. cerebellum b.medulla c. amygdala d.thalamus

B

The speedy nervous system zips messages by way of neurotransmitters. Endocrine messages, however, are delivered more slowly because hormones travel through a. myelinated neurons b.the bloodstream c.glial cells d.interneurons

B

To understand the unusual behavior of an adult client, a clinical psychologist carefully investigates the client's current life situation and his physical, social-cultural and educational history. Which research method has the psychologist used? a. the survey b.the case study c.experimentation d. naturalistic observations

B

A myelin sheath is a a. nerve network within the spinal cord that controls physical arousal b. large band of neural fibers connecting the two adrenal glands c. layer of fatty tissue encasing the axons of some nerve cells d. bushy extension of a neuron that conducts impulses toward the cell body.

C

Central tendency is to variation as ___________ is to _____________. a. bar graph, normal curve b.range, skewed distribution c. means, standard deviation d.median, mode

C

Excitatory signals to a neuron must exceed inhibitory signals by a minimum intensity in order to trigger a. reuptake b.a refractory period c. an action potential d. selective permeability

C

In a clinical trial of a brain-computer interface with paralyzed humans, a 25-year old man constructed shapes on a computer screen by activating neurons in his a. somatosensory cortex b.occipital lobes c.motor cortex d.hippocampus

C

Jacob's severe migraine headaches have led him to seek medical help. It is likely that his symptoms are most closely linked with an a. oversupply of GABA b. undersupply of serotonin c.oversupply of glutamate d.undersupply of acetylcholine

C

Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on sexual preferences and behavior patterns. Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ___________ perspective. a.Informed consent b.the placebo effect c.a hypothesis d.a confounding variable

C

Replication of a research study is most likely to be facilitated by a. regression toward the mean b. debriefing c. operational defintion d. the placebo effect

C

Any drug molecule that occupies a neurotransmitter receptor site and blocks its effect is a(n) a. glutamate b.agonist c.opiate d.antagonist

D

At the age of 22, Mrs. LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the a. pancreas b.thyroid c.adrenal glands d.pituitary gland

D

Left-handedness is ____________ common than usual among mathematicians and _____________ common than usual among artists a. less,more b.less,less c.more,less d.more,more

D

People's failure to recognize themselves in a mirror is most likely to be associated with damage to the a. somatosensory cortex b.left cerebral hemisphere c.corpus callosum d.right cerebral hemisphere

D

Random assignment minimizes __________ between experimental and control groups. Random sampling minimizes _________ between a sample and a population. a.similarities,differences b.differences,similarities c.similarities,similarities d.differences,differences

D

Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to a. becoming violently aggressive b.cover in fear c.experience a convulsive seizures d.lapse into a coma

D

The association areas are located in the a. brainstem b.thalamus c.hippocampus d.cerebral cortex

D

The group exposed to a newly created drug that is being tested in an experiment is called the ______ group. a. control b.standardized c.baseline d.experimental

D

Those whose corpus callosum is surgically severed are said to be patients with a. brain plasticity b. cognitive neural prosthetics c.neurogenesis d.split brains

D

To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's a. reticular formation b.cerebellum c.medulla d.amygdala

D