Ch. 2 Hardware - Adaptive Learning Assignment
Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?
Gigabytes Terabytes
Which three of the following are common types of servers?
Web Server Network Server File Server
___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.
overclocking
Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?
Dell desktop computer
Tablet computer
Highly mobile—you can use it while standing or walking around
Laptop computer
Hinged, clamshell-type mobile computer
File Server
Used for data storage.
Web Server
Used to control access to resources on the Web.
A desktop computer will typically use a ___ for most internal storage.
magnetic hard drive
Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?
Terabytes Gigabytes
Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app. Multiple choice question. Store
This PC
Popular in the 1990s, the blue port in the image is used to connect computers to monitors or televisions. It is a(n):
VGA
Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?
-An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. -All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
-Has as a touchscreen -Is highly mobile -Usually has a mobile operating system
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
-Mobile -Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad -Full operating system
Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed?
-The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second. -Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking. -Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate.
For which of the following two reasons, you might purchase a tablet computer rather than a laptop?
-You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading e-books or Netflix -You need a computer that you can use while walking
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.
1-4 gigahertz
Jorge wants to check the hard drive capacity of his Windows laptop through the System menu. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.
1. Click the Windows Icon to open the Start menu 2. Click the Setting icon to open the Settings menu 3. Click System 4. Click Storage
Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?
CPU
All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___
CPU- Central Processing Unit (CPU) Brains of the computer.
It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse? Instructions
Desktop
AMD
Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5.
Nvidia
Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.
The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called _____.
Lightning
L1 cache
Memory located directly on the processor itself
L3 cache
Memory located next to the processor
Disk cache
Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency
A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___.
Port
Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.
RAM
The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.
ROM (Read Only Memory)
The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___
Intel
Which important process is performed by the CPU?
Machine cycle
Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.
much smaller than computer's RAM
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.
Storage
Which of the following are storage devices?
(a) Optical drive (b) External hard drive (c) Universal serial bus (USB) drive
Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.
Storage
The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input2 - process data into information3 - present output4 - provide______
Storage
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers
all-in-one
If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) ___ computer.
all-in-one An all-in-one has the motherboard housed within the monitor, eliminating the need for a large chassis or tower system unit.
Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .
apps (applications)
A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called______
cache
Hard drive_______is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
capacity, space, or size
Small computers can be found in many devices such as anti-lock brakes, programmable coffee pots and thermostats. They come with real time operating system (RTOS). Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.
embedded
The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.
embedded
Identify the cable and connector in the image, commonly used in networking. Instructions
ethernet
The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___ .
hardware
A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___
keyboard
In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the____
monitor, screen, or display
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and capable of executing two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ____-core processor.
multi
High-Definition______ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.
multimedia, media, multi media, or multi-media
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.
not saved
Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____. This can increase performance and speed, but also can also void the manufacturer warranty.
overclocking
Media players allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, listen to audio books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as _____ Media Players due to their transportability and customization.
personal
This would plug into a computer's USB
port
A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal_______Bus.
serial
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___
server
A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:
single-core processor
A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.
smartphone
Which of the following provide data storage?
solid-state drive (SSD) Server bank External hard drive
Solid______ Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.
state
The most powerful computers, _________, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
supercomputers
The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.
system
A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a _____.
tablet
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.
electronic (Solid State)
Which two of the following are computers?
Smartphone Gaming console Gaming platform Desktop Laptop
Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer. Place the first step on top.
1. click the Cortana icon to open the search window 2. Type Disk Cleanup 3. In the Disk Cleanup dialog box, Select the unused files 4. Click OK
Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.
1. input 2. process 3. output 4. store
Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___
2-in-1
Popularized with transistor radios in the 1950s, this connector is still used with many (non-Apple) cell phones today. It is a:
3.5-mm connector
___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.
HDMI- HDMI connectors, since they provide both high-definition audio and video, are extremely popular.
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
Hardware
The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.
L 1
Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?
-Can represent a total of 256 characters -Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols.
Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?
-Capable of representing all of the world's languages -16 bit (minimum) encoding standard
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?
-Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte -Equal to 8 bits
Which three of the following statements are true regarding resolution?
-Resolution refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image. -Resolution refers to the number of pixels in a display device. -The higher a screen's resolution, the more pixels it contains.
20 audio CDs would use approximately
1 billion bytes of data
A single character of information (such as a single letter, number, or symbol) uses approximately
1 byte of data
Four short books in plain text would use approximately
1 million bytes of data
Petabyte (PB)
1,000 terabytes of data
Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order.
1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS 2. The power-On Self-Test is executed 3. The OS is loaded into RAM 4. The OS checks the registry setting and loads saved configuration settings.
A short email in plain text would take approximately
100 bytes of data
Most Blu-ray movies use about
25 billion bytes of data
In the image, what use approximately 1 byte of data?
3
Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.
32 bits; 64 bits
The_______coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.
ACSII
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
ASCII is an 8-bit coding scheme
Which of the following is not part of the boot process? -The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS -The Power-On Self-Test is executed -The OS is loaded into RAM -Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors
Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors
A short-distance wireless communications technology, , _________uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data between devices like phones, speakers, and headphones. Listen to the complete question Need help? Review these concept resources.
Bluetooth
Which of the following is fastest? Megahertz Hertz Kilohertz Gigahertz
Gigahertz
A TV remote usually uses _____ radio waves.
IR (infrared
Because users typically do not want the signal to pass through walls, television remotes usually use what wireless technology?
Infrared
Gigabyte (GB)
One billion bytes of data
Megabyte (MB)
One million bytes of data
Kilobyte (KB)
One thousand bytes of data
Terabyte (TB)
One trillion bytes of data
The_________of monitors and other display devices is measured in pixels.
Resolution
Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.
Unicode
The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as____size.
Word
A hole in a punchcard, a transistor on a circuit board, or the reflective element on a digital versatile disc (DVD) each represents the smallest unit of data storage called a ___.
bit
The smallest unit of storage is called a________ . It is the data held or processed by a single transistor.
bit
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ____________process.
boot
The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .
bus width
A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a
bus, buses, computer bus, or computer buses
In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___.
byte
Memory and _________ hold data used by processors.
caches, disk cache, or cache
Screen size is measured by the ___.
diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen
Screen size is measured by the ___.
diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.
Screen size is measured ___ across the monitor.
diagonally
A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.
file transfer protocol (FTP)
The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.
gigahertz
The depiction of image data on a display or output device is called________
graphics
The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.
graphics
The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.
graphics
A unit of frequency representing one cycle per second is__________
hertz
IrDA_________ stands for the Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.
infrared data association
The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___.
native resolution
The smallest element of an electronic image is called a _____.
pixel
A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a_______-
protocol
IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different
protocols, protocol, or computer protocols
Wi-Fi waves are basically _____ waves.
radio
Resolution refers to the _____ and clarity of an image.
sharpness
Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.
slower
The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the_______card
video card
If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.
video/graphics card
Bus________is measured in bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.
width
The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus _____.
width
The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.
word size
A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as _____.
Bluetooth
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.
laptop because of their portability, power, and built-in keyboards, laptops remain the most popular personal computers for college students.
Identify the connector in the image.
lightning plug
____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
Network Server
Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU The CPU or central processing unit, is the "brains" of any digital device. It is sometimes referred to as simply the processor.
One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app.
Cleanup
A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____
Computer
Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called _____cables.
Ethernet
Two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).
Extremely fast No moving parts
Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).
False
The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the____
Motherboard
Desktop computer
Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.
All-in-one computer
Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.
Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.
gigabytes
Intel
Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market.
Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.
machine
While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a___________
mainframe
One type of storage device is a ___ .
universal serial bus (USB) drive
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.
Footprint
Desktop computer
Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.
This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a____
desktop computer
characteristics of a tablet computer.
-Tablet computers are highly portable, have a smaller operating system (OS), and include a touchscreen -Smaller OS (usually) -Highly portable -Touchscreen is primary input
Tiffany wants to remove unwanted files from her laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.
1. from the start button menu, choose all program:: Accessories, system tools, disk cleanup. click ok, then delete files 2. If prompted, choose the mass storage device that you want to clean up 3. in the disk dialog box, select the item you want to remove 4. click ok, then delete files
All-in-one computer
Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer
A personal computer with a separate system unit (chassis or tower) and a relatively large footprint is called a ___ .
Desktop
This close-up of the side of a laptop computer. To the left of the HDMI port is a(n)___ .
VGA port