CH: 20/21

B cell and T cell activity is most related to which of the following?

A AMI and CMI

Which of the following is true of the B cell?

A Activated in response toa specific antigen

Because antibodies are carried by the blood, this type of immunity is also called

C. humoral immunity

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are indicative of

C. inflammation

THe plasma cells are least related to

C. interferons

A lacteal is located within the

C. intestinal villus

The spleen, thymus gland, tonsils, and lymph nodes are

C. lymphoid organs

What is the name of a severe hypersensitivity reaction?

C. Anaphylaxis

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attack the helper T cells, thereby

A. All of the above are tue (depressing T-ecll functions, making the person more susceptible to infection, and depressing B-cell functions)

What is (are) the lymphoid structure(s) that is (are) generally removed during a mastectomy?

A. Axillary lymph nodes

Which of the following is true of activation of cast cells?

A. Causes the release of histamine

Which of the following is the treatment of choice for an anaphylactic reaction?

A. Epinenphrine and steroid

Which of the following is MALT least associated?

A. Erythropoiesis

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) produces sever impairment of the immune system by attacking which cells?

A. Helper T Cells

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a platelet deficiency?

A. Hyperactive spleen

Which of the following describes the effects of phagocytosis?

A. Ingestion adn destruction of pathogens and other foreigns substances

Where does lymph originally come from?

A. Interstitial spaces

Which of the following are lymph nodes populated?

A. Lymphocytes and macrophages

Which of the followingn T cells do not participate in teh destruction of the pathogen but allow for a more rapid response if the antigen is presented at a later time?

A. Memory T cells

Which of the following describes the function of macrophages?

A. Phagocytosis and antigen presentation

What structures are located near the opening of the nasal cavity in teh upper throat and are also called the adenoids?

A. Pharyngeal tonsils

Which of the following is (are) most related to antibodymediated immunity?

A. Plasma cells

The spleen

A. Removes worn-out blood cells from circulation

What is the primary concern regarding the care of a person experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?

A. The inability to breathe

Which of the following best explains the secondary response to a booster shot?

A. The presence of memory cells that can quickly produce plasma cells

What happens if the lymphatic vessels and nodes are removed from the right axillary region?

A. The right arm will become edematous

What is the term that refers to the removal of the palatine tonsils?

A. Tonsillectomy

What is the effect of a massive release of histamine?

A. Wheezing and hypotension

Antibodies

A. all of the above are true (react with antigens, causing agglutination, include IgG, IgM, and IgE, and are secreted by plasma cells)

An antigen-antibody interaction

A. causes agglutination

Red pulp and white pulp

A. compose splenic tissue

A booster

A. increases antibodies to an antigen

The lymphatic circulation

A. is most closely associated with the venous side of the circulation

B and T cells are

A. lymphocytes

The thoracic duct

A. receives lymph from large lymphatic vessels that drain the elft side of the body

Which of the following stimulates memory cells to produce antibody-secreting plasma cells?

B. A booster shot

Which of the following is not a step in the activation of a B lymphocyte?

B. Activation of cells that engage in cell-to-cell combat

Which of the following is true of the T Cell?

B. All of the above are true (it is activated in response to a specific antigen, it engages in cell-medicated combat, and its clones include killer T cells, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and memory T cells)

IgE, IgA, IgM, and IgG are

B. Antibodies

The inguinal lymph nodes

B. Are located in the groin

Which of the following are most associated with plasma cells and antibodies?

B. B cell

What is the term that refers to the use of dead or attenuated pathogens to stimulate antibody production?

B. Immunization

Which of the following is caused by a viral infection involving the lymph nodes and is called the "kissing disease"?

B. Infectikous mononucleosis

A febrile seizure is a seizure that

B. Is caused by a fever

Which of the following is true about nonspecific immunity?

B. It includes processes such as inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever

The purpose of vaccination is to provide an initial exposure to an antigen to stimulate the formation of

B. Memory cells

Which of the following is least characteristic of the pharyngeal tonsils?

B. Most commonly removed by tonsillectomy

If you had measles as a child, which of the following best describes your immunity to measles?

B. Naturally acquired active immunity

A breast-fed infant is initially immune to the same diseases as her mom. Which of the following describes the infant's immunity?

B. Naturally acquired passive immunity

Which group is incorrect?

B. Nonspecific immunity: inflammation, NK cells, fever, T cells

Which of the following is not a step in T-cell activation?

B. Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells

The right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct empty into the

B. Subclavian veins

What is the name of the toxin that has been altered so that it is harmless yet still antigenic?

B. Toxoid

A young woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. She is most apt to have

B. a sentinel node biopsy before the mastectomy is performed.

Plasma cells

B. are B-cell clones

The redness and heat associated with inflammation

B. are due to the release of histamine from injured tissue; it dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to the inflamed area

Complement and interferons

B. are protective proteins that enhance the immune response to infection

Elephantiasis is

B. edema formation in response to impaired lymphatic drainage.

The terms pyrexia febrile, and pyrogenic all refer to

B. fever

Memory cells

B. increase the response time to an antigen

Thymosin

B. is a hormone

An antipyretic drug

B. lowers a fever

The plasma cells

B. secrete antibodies

If proteins are allowed to accumulate in the interstitial space, they will

C. "hold water" and cause edema

What is the name of the lymph node that drain the head and neck region?

C. Cervical

Inflammation is

C. Characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain

Which group is incorrect?

C. Chemical barriers: tears, saliva, stomach acid, B cells, T cells

Which of the following is charactgerized by a local tissue response to T cell activity?

C. Contact dermatitis

Lymph node dissection is most likely to cause

C. Edema

Which of the following is true of Kupffer cells?

C. Fixed macrophages

Lymph is

C. Formed from tissue fluid

Which of the following conditions is most common in people with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)?

C. Infections

This is a group of proteins secreted by virally infected cells; the proteins prevent viral replication

C. Interferons

A person has a severe streptococcal pharyngitis (sore throat). He is most likely to develop

C. Painful cervical lymph nodes

Why does lymph contain protein?

C. Protein leaks out of the capillaries into the tissue spaces and is absorbed into the lymphatic capillaries

This organ engages in erythropoiesis in the fetus, produces lymphocytes in the adult, and stores platelets.

C. Spleen

Leukocytosis is generally an indication

C. That the neutrophils and monocytes are engaging in phagocytosis

Which of the following is most associated with a low plasma level of antibodies?

C. The primary response

Which of the following is least associated with tonsils?

C. Thrombopoiesis

Which of the following best describes an abscess?

C. Walled off area of dead cells and their secretions

Lymphatic capillaries

C. absorb tissue fluid and transport it toward the heart

Agglutination is the consequence of

C. antigen-antibody interaction

Phagocytosis

C. does not require a specific antigen

The Kupffer cells are fixed macrophages within the walls of the hepatic sinusoids and

C. engage in phagocytosis of pathogens in the blood coming from teh organs of digestion.

If you have a high measles antibody titer, you

C. have been exposed to the measles virus

Which of the following is true about lymph? It is

D. Absorbed by lymphatic capillaries from the interstitium

An allergen is a(n)

D. Antigen

Which of the following represents specific immunity?

D. B and T cells

Which of the following protective proteins swarm(s) the surface of a pathogen, punching holes in the membrane and enhancing phagocytosis?

D. Complement

A vaccine

D. Conveys active immunity

A person has an infection and his phagocytes respond appropriately by releasing pyrogens, thereby resetting the body's thermostat. What happens next?

D. He shivers, thereby producing heat.

Which cells secret a lymphokine that stimulates both T and B cells?

D. Helper T cells

Binding of the bee venom allergen to antibodies on the mast cells causes a massive release of which substance?

D. Histamine

Which of the following words are least characteristic of phagocytes?

D. IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE

Which of the following T cells destroy pathogens by punching holes in their cell membrane and secreting lymphokines?

D. Killer

Which of the following cells engulf the pathogen to achieve "antigen presentation"?

D. Macrophages

Which of the following indicates why you will not get chickenpox as an adult if you were infected as a child?

D. Naturally acquired active immunity

Which of the following is most related to the placental transfer of antibodies from the mother to the fetus?

D. Naturally acquired passive immunity

Which of the following words means "fever producing"?

D. Pyrogenic

The subclavian veins

D. Receive lymph from the large lymphatic ducts

A severe anaphylactic reaction causes death by

D. Respiratory obstruction

Lymph from the right arm adn the right side of the head and thorax drains into the

D. Right lymphatic duct

Which cell engages in cell-to-cell combat?

D. T cell

Which of the following are classified as killer, helper, suppressor, and memory?

D. T cells

Which of the following best describes the lymphatic capillaries?

D. They have large pores and follow venous pathways.

What structure is concerned with the processing and maturation of T lymphocytes?

D. Thymus gland

Which lymphoid organ is located in the ventral cavity, thoracic cavity, and mediastinum?

D. Thymus gland

What is the term that refers to the level of antibodies in your blood?

D. Titer

Which of the following is (are) described as partially encapsulated lymph nodes located in the throat area?

D. Tonsils

What is the smililarity between the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct? Both

D. are large lymphatic ducts that collect lymph from smaller lymphatic vessels

An overly active spleen may prematurely remove platelets from the circulation, thereby predisposing a person to

D. thrombocytopenia and bleeding