ch. 27 - seedless plants

#8 on study guide. fertilization occurs at stage ___ of this cycle

4

what is the purpose of the waxy cuticle in plants

It prevents desiccation

what is the male sexual structure that produces sperm in plants?

antheridium

plants are believed to have evolved from which group of algae

charophytes

which is a characteristic shared between green algae and plants

chlorophylls a and b in plastids

alternation of generations in plants refers to the alternation of

diploid and haploid stages

the leafy fern that you might have as a house plant is the _____ generation

diploid sporophyte

in plants, the fertilized egg develops into a multicellular ______(young plant) within a female gametangium

embryo

mosses have stems, roots, and leaves

false

each archegonium produces many eggs

false- a single egg

if a plant produces microspores and megaspores, then by definition, it is homosporous

false- heterosporous

xylem is a vascular tissue that conducts dissolved sugars

false- water and dissolved minerals

which of the following is a vascular plant

fern

the sori of most ferns are found on which part of the plant

fronds

what are the multicellular sex organs in plants

gametangia

the ____ generation is dominant in mosses, as it can live independently

haploid gametophyte

many seedless plants produce spores of one morphological type, which is referred to as

homospory

a key step in the evolution of vascular plants was the ability to produce _____, a strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that function for support and conduction

lignin

the oldest known fossils suggest that the _____ may have been the first plants to inhabit land

liverworts

describe alternation of generations

plants alternate between a haploid gametophyte and a diploid sporophyte. the dominant form varies; the gametophyte is dominant in the mosses, and the sporophyte is dominant in the ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms

the gametophyte generation of ferns is the

prothallus

when a moss spore lands in a suitable spot, it germinates and grows into a filament of cells called a

protonema

heterospory is believed to have led to the evolution of

seeds

what do ferns lack

seeds

which is the most economically important bryophyte

sphagnum

after sexual reproduction in a moss, the _____ grows out of the gametophyte

sporophyte

discuss adaptions for terrestrial life seen in land plants

stomata to allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf; a waxy cuticle to reduce water loss; gametangia with sterile cells to protect the reproductive cells; lessened reliance on water for reproduction

why are mosses and liverworts limited in size

they lack vascular tissues

modern botanists think that all plants evolved from a common ancestor that was an ancient green algae. what is the best explanation for this hypothesis

they share many biochemical and metabolic traits

in algae, gametangia are generally unicellular

true

which vascular tissue is responsible for conducting water and dissolved minerals in plants

xylem