CH 4
New England Puritanism owed its religious roots to the
Protestant Reformation of the early sixteenth century
churches played no role in the civil government of New England communities because
Puritans did not want to emulate the Church of England, which they considered a puppet of the king rather than an independent body that served the Lord
When the English assumed control of New Netherland, they continued the Dutch policy of religious toleration because
the heterogeneity of New Netherland made imposing a uniform religion not only difficult but nearly impossible
Charles II made William Penn the proprietor of a new colony pa
to rid England of Quakers
sixteenth-century English Puritanism
was a set of broadly interpreted ideas and religious principles held by those seeking to purify the Church of England and to remove from it what they considered the offensive features of Catholicism.
King William's War, attack by Great Lakes and Canadian French forces on villages in New England and New York, demonstrated to the American colonists that
English military protection from hostile neighbors was still very valuable
members of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, believed that
God spoke directly to each individual through an "inner light" and that neither a minister nor the Bible was necessary to discover God's word
the creation of New York led indirectly to the founding of two other middle colonies
New Jersey and Pennsylvania
During most of the seventeenth century, New Netherland was
a Dutch colony whose land was discovered in explorations made by Henry Hudson in 1609
New England's population continued to grow steadily during the seventeenth century primarily due to
a relatively high birthrate coupled with a climate that helped many children survive and live into adulthood
Roger Williams was
a vocal dissenter in early Massachusetts who challenged the religious and political leadership of the colony's powerful men.
accusing people of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England seems to have been
a way to explain the continual disorder in some communities by blaming difficulties on mostly older, relatively defenseless women assumed to be in league with Satan
the English monarchs James I and Charles I
enforced conformity to the Church of England
William Penn aimed to
establish a genuinely Quaker colony in the Americas
in the seventeenth century, Puritan churches
experienced a growing number of divisions over issues of doctrine and church government
English Puritans rejected Catholic rituals and instead emphasized
introspection and a personal relationship with God
the Indian policy in seventeenth-century Pennsylvania
involved purchasing Indians' land, respecting their claims, and dealing with them fairly
Anne Hutchinson's emphasis on the "covenant of grace" stirred religious controversy in early Massachusetts because
it was feared she was disrupting the good order of the colony
King Henry VII saw in the Protestant Reformation the opportunity to
make himself the head of the church in England
the northern colonies established in British North America in the seventeenth century demonstrated that
most of the high ideals that colonists carried with them remained completely intact and were fully realized
by the 1680s, New England's religious consensus had weakened to the point that
only 15 percent of adult males were church members in some towns
in 1688, the Glorious Revolution in England influenced American colonists to
rise up against royal authority (and the concept of the Dominion of New England) in Massachusetts, New York, and Maryland
the colony of New Netherland was marked by a
small, remarkably diverse population
the seventeenth-century New England economy mainly consisted of
subsistence farming mixed with fishing and timber harvesting for markets in Europe and the West Indies
the Puritan doctrine of predestination held that before the creation of the world, God had decided who would achieve salvation,
that nothing one did could alter one's fate, and that very few deserved or would achieve eternal life
