Ch 42

A nurse teaches a patient deep-breathing exercises to help control his anxiety. This is considered what type of stress management technique? A) meditation B) relaxation C) anticipatory guidance D) guided imagery

B

A student is preparing for her first patient care assignment. She wakes up at 4:00 a.m. with a pounding pulse and diarrhea. What type of adaptive response to stress is she experiencing? A) general adaptation syndrome B) mindbody interaction C) local adaptation syndrome D) coping or defense mechanism

B

A young mother tells the nurse, I cant stop smoking. That is what I do to make myself feel better. What is the term used to describe this behavior? A) defense mechanism B) coping mechanism C) caregiver burden D) crisis

B

An individual steps into a tub of very hot water and immediately jumps out again. What mechanism caused this response? A) inflammatory response B) reflex pain response C) general adaptation syndrome D) fight-or-flight response

B

Various physiologic mechanisms within the body respond to internal changes to maintain relative constancy in the internal environment. The state that results is called: A) nirvana B) homeostasis C) fight-or-flight response D) anxiety

B

What is the term for the change that takes place in response to a stressor? A) rehabilitation B) adaptation C) positive movement D) negative movement

B

Which of the following illnesses has been associated with long-term stress? A) bacterial infections B) cardiovascular disease C) renal disease D) fractures

B

A friend has lost her job and is becoming increasingly anxious to the point of crisis. What type of crises is she experiencing? A) adventitious B) maturational C) situational D) emotional

C

A man has noticed bright red blood in his bowel movements for over a month. He says to himself, Oh, its just my hemorrhoids. What defense mechanism is the man using? A) rationalization B) repression C) denial D) compensation

C

A nurse is teaching a patient about the benefits of exercise in reducing stress. How often would the nurse recommend the patient exercise? A) 2 hours every day B) 1 hour once a week C) 30 to 45 minutes, most days of the week D) 60 to 75 minutes, four to five times a week

C

A patient responds to bad news regarding test results by crying uncontrollably. What is the term for this response to a stressor? A) adaptation B) homeostasis C) coping mechanism D) defense mechanism

C

Cold temperatures and loud noises are stressors to one person but not another. Why does this occur? A) Although the perception is the same, the response is individualized. B) Both individuals will respond the same, depending on the situation. C) The perception and effects of stressors are highly individualized. D) The internal environment of one person is more selective.

C

Which of the following groups of nurses experience the highest levels of stress in the work setting? A) obstetric nurses B) pediatric nurses C) new graduates D) aging nurses

C

Which of the following are considered internal stressors? Select all that apply. A) loud noises B) pollution C) illness D) hormonal change E) fear F) cold stress

C, D, E

A nurse is preparing to teach a patient about care at home. On entering the room, she finds the patient pacing around the room, hyperventilating, and complaining of nausea. Based on these manifestations of severe anxiety, what would the nurse do? A) Provide both verbal and written information to the patient. B) Ignore the patient and teach the family the information. C) Modify the teaching plan to the patients anxiety level. D) Postpone implementation of the teaching plan.

D

A woman who was assaulted in the street is brought to the emergency room for observation. A nurse documents that the woman has difficulty communicating verbally, is agitated, and complains of chest pain and a sense of impending doom. What type of anxiety is this patient experiencing? A) mild anxiety B) moderate anxiety C) severe anxiety D) panic

D

If a nurse assessed the vital signs of a person who was in the initial alarm reaction stage (shock phase) of the GAS, what would be the expected findings? A) slow, deep breathing B) fatigue and lethargy C) hypotension D) hypertension

D

What phase of the general adaptation syndrome is a patient in when he uses all of his adaptive mechanisms for dealing with stress, leaving no defense against the distress? A) alarm reaction stage B) fight-or-flight stage C) stage of resistance D) stage of exhaustion

D

What philosophy for handling stress can nurses encourage patients to adopt? A) One for all and all for one. B) Do today so that you do not have to do the same thing tomorrow. C) If you have too much to do, just get busy and do it. D) Accept what cant be changed, change what cant be accepted.

D

Which of the following group of terms best describes anxiety? A) cognitive, known threat, depression B) cognitive, visible threat, anger C) known source, prolonged, solely physical D) unknown cause, emotional, apprehensive

D

Which of the following is an example of developmental stress? A) a newborn who needs to be fed by bottle B) a school-aged child learning to read C) a teenager learning to drive a car D) a middle adult accepting signs of aging

D

Which of the following questions would be helpful in eliciting data about the effects of stress during a health history? A) Why are you having so much difficulty breathing at night? B) Why do you think smoking and drinking will calm you? C) Do you often drink too much and have hangovers? D) How does your body feel when you are upset?

D

A patient who is being seen at a physicians office states that he has bad headaches all the time. Diagnostic tests are normal. What is this type of response to stress called? A) psychosomatic disorder B) acute illness C) chronic illness D) pretend disorder

A

A patient with an inflamed appendix is feeling pain in the stomach area. What is the term for this body response to stress? A) local adaptation syndrome B) general adaptation syndrome C) physiological homeostasis D) fight-or-flight response

A

Of the following physiologic stressors, which one is a physical agent? A) heat B) drugs C) bacteria D) hypoxia

A

The wife of a patient on hospice at home is diagnosed with caregiver burden. Which of the following best describes this syndrome? A) prolonged stress from caring for a family member at home B) inability to provide competent care for a family member C) insufficient funds to pay for medical care of a family member D) effect of the illness causing stress in siblings

A

Which of the following best describes stress? A) a response to changes in the normal balanced state B) a perception that something is threatening C) a response to internal environment for homeostasis D) a localized response of a tissue or organ to a stressor

A

Which one of the following diagnoses would be written for stress as the cause of the problem? A) Anxiety related to conflicts about values and goals in life B) Caregiver Role Strain related to long-term stress of care for a parent with Alzheimers disease C) Spiritual Distress related to inability to accept diagnosis of terminal illness D) Hopelessness related to presence of disabling physical injuries

A

Which of the following body systems are the primary controllers of homeostatic mechanisms? Select all that apply. A) autonomic nervous system B) endocrine system C) respiratory system D) cardiovascular system E) gastrointestinal system F) renal system

A, B

According to Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, (2006), which of the following are major sources of stress in society? Select all that apply. A) interpersonal relationships B) physical threat C) performance demands D) religious affiliations E) environmental effects F) disease states

A, C