Ch. 5: Short-Term Memory/Working Memory (Quiz)

The three structural components of the modal model of memory are

sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

A person with a reduced digit span would most likely have a problem with ___________

short-term

Observations that people may actually process and manipulate information rather than simply store it for brief periods of time challenged the conceptualization of

short-term memory

Research suggests that the capacity of short-term memory is

somewhat small, holding only about seven items at one time

Imagine yourself walking from your car, bus stop, or dorm to your first class. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on which of the following components of working memory?

the visuospatial sketch pad

Sperling's delayed partial report procedure provided evidence that

information in sensory memory fades within one or two seconds

It is easier to perform two tasks at the same time if

one is handled by the visuospatial sketch pad and one is handled by the phonological loop

Chantal has frontal lobe damage. She is doing a problem-solving task in which she has to choose the red object out of many choices. She can easily complete this repeatedly, but when the experimenter asks her to choose the blue object on a new trial of the task, she continues to choose the red one, even when the experimenter gives her feedback that she is incorrect. Chantal is displaying

perseveration

Given what we know about the operation of the phonological loop, which of the following word lists would be most difficult for people to retain for 15 seconds?

MAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP (because they are so similar)

The research by Ericsson and colleagues (1980) examined the ability of a college student to achieve amazing feats of memory by having him remember strings of random digits that were recited to him. They found that this student used his experience with running times to help him retain these strings of numbers. The significance of this finding was that

chunking requires knowledge of familiar patterns or concepts

Peterson and Peterson studied how well participants can remember groups of three letters (like BRT, QSD) after various delays. They found that participants remembered an average of 80 percent of the groups after 3 seconds but only 10 percent after 18 seconds. They hypothesized that this decrease in performance was due to ___________, but later research showed that it was actually due to ___________.

decay; interference

Funahashi and coworkers recorded neurons in the PF cortex of monkeys during a delayed response task. These neurons showed the most intense firing during

delay

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as

echoic memory

Which of the following is not a stage in the information processing model of memory?

episodic memory (sensory, STM, LTM is correct sages)

Working memory differs from short-term memory in that

working memory is engaged in processing information