CH 6 MC

A significant deprivation of liberty, involving taking a person into custody, transporting them to a police station or jail, and processing them into the criminal justice system, is called a(n): a. search. b. stop. c. arrest. d. interrogation. e. hold.

c

According to the Supreme Court, exigent circumstances might exist when: a. officers believe they might find important evidence. b. officers believe there is probable cause. c. officers believe others might be in grave danger. d. officers do not want to wait for a warrant. e. officers are friendly with the suspects.

c

At what point must Miranda warnings be given to suspects? a. Before arrest b. Immediately after arrest c. Before being interrogated d. Before fingerprinting e. Before being read the charges against them

c

During a traffic stop, officers can order passengers as well as the driver to exit the vehicle, even if there is no basis for suspicion that the passengers engaged in any wrongdoing according to: a. Carroll v. U.S. (1925) b. Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990) c. Maryland v. Wilson (1997) d. Georgia v. Randolph (2006) e. California v. Acevedo (1991)

c

A "pat down" search is also known as a _________ search. a. stop-and-frisk b. Miranda c. reasonable suspicion d. totality of circumstances e. plain view

a

A flexible test established by the Supreme Court for identifying whether probable cause exists that permits the judge to determine whether the available evidence is both sufficient and reliable enough to issue a warrant is the definition of: a. the totality of circumstances. b. an affidavit. c. probable cause. d. reasonable suspicion. e. a stop.

a

In order for a stop to be permissible, officers must have: a. reasonable suspicion. b. probable cause. c. legal insight. d. preponderance of the evidence. e. reasonable doubt.

a

In which of the following situations must Miranda warnings be given? a. Custodial interrogations b. Stop-and-frisk c. Traffic stops d. Seizure of property e. Police must provide Miranda warnings in all of these situations

a

Jimmy was walking down the street late at night. A squad car pulled alongside him and ordered him to stop. The two officers then got out of the car and proceeded to frisk Jimmy. The police have just subjected Jimmy to a: a. stop-and-frisk search. b. special needs search. c. search incident to a lawful arrest. d. consent search. e. exigent circumstance search.

a

Terry v. Ohio endorsed stop-and-frisk searches to ensure _______. a. officer safety b. victim's rights c. suspect rights d. due process e. witness safety

a

Terry v. Ohio endorsed: a. warrantless searches for weapons. b. victim's rights. c. stop-and-frisk searches. d. due process requirements. e. witness safety procedures.

a

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in __________ that the totality of circumstance test should be used for determining the existence of probable cause. a. Illinois v. Gates b. Map v. Ohio c. Roper v. Simmons d. Hannity v. Patrick e. Mapp v. Ohio

a

The _________ doctrine permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them when they are in a location that they are permitted to be. a. plain view b. public safety c. exigent circumstances d. stop and frisk e. Miranda

a

The __________ Amendment guarantees citizens protection against "unreasonable search and seizure." a. Fourth b. Fifth c. Sixth d. Eighth e. Fourteenth

a

The term "reasonable expectation of privacy" is most relevant to which of the following police activities? a. Search b. Seizure c. Arrest d. Stop e. Interrogation

a

When there is an immediate threat to public safety or the risk that evidence will be destroyed , officers may search, arrest, or question suspects without obtaining a warrant. This is termed: a. exigent circumstances. b. the exclusionary rule. c. due process. d. totality of circumstances. e. probable cause.

a

Which two decisions by the Court laid the foundation for Miranda v. Arizona (1966)? a. Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) and Massiah v. U. S. (1964) b. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) and Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) c. Wolf v. Colorado (1949) and Mapp v. Ohio (1961) d. Wolf v. Colorado (1949) and Rochin v. California (1952) e. Maryland v. Wilson (1957) and Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

a

_______ ruled that police can systematically stop drivers in order to seek information. a. Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz b. Illinois v. Lidster c. Delaware v. Prouse d. City of Indianapolis v. Edmond e. Mapp v. Ohio

a

__________ determined that evidence found through improper searches and seizures must be excluded from use at both state and federal trials. a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) c. Nix v. Williams (1984) d. Weeks v. U.S. (1914) e. Roper v. Simmons (2005)

a

A ________ search allows officers to conduct a permissible warrantless search of a person, vehicle, home, or location after receiving permission from the person in question. a. no knock b. consent c. nonconsent d. permissible e. Terry

b

A brief interference with a person's freedom of movement with a duration that can be measured in minutes is called a(n): a. search. b. stop. c. arrest. d. interrogation. e. hold.

b

A situation in which a police officer uses his/her authority to deprive people of their liberty or property is called a: a. search b. seizure c. entrapment d. stop e. hold

b

A written statement of fact, supported by oath or affirmation and submitted to judicial officers to fulfill the requirements of probable cause for obtaining a warrant, is the definition of: a. the totality of circumstances. b. an affidavit. c. probable cause. d. reasonable suspicion. e. a stop.

b

According to ________, a suspect who, during a frisk, which is not justified by proper observation and reasonable suspicion , is found to be carrying drugs or weapons can seek to have the evidence excluded. a. exigent circumstances b. the exclusionary rule c. due process d. the totality of circumstances e. probable cause

b

Because the Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by all law enforcement officials, evidence found through improper searches or seizures must be: a. included. b. excluded. c. incorporated. d. inventoried. e. saved for later use.

b

Evidence that would have been discovered even without improper actions by the police can be admissible under the: a. good faith exception. b. inevitable discovery rule. c. exclusionary rule. d. silver-platter rule. e. plain view doctrine.

b

Jimmy was walking down the street late at night. A squad car pulled alongside him and ordered him to stop. The two officers then got out of the car and proceeded to frisk Jimmy. If Jimmy were coming into the United States from Canada in a car and was stopped at the border and his person searched, this would be a: a. stop-and-frisk search. b. special needs search. c. vehicle search. d. consent search. e. exigent circumstance search.

b

Police officers seeking a warrant must present a(n) ______ to a judge. a. arrest b. affidavit c. affluence d. affinity e. testament

b

The _____ exception permits police to immediately question a suspect in custody without providing any warnings, when public safety would be jeopardized by their taking the time to supply the warnings. a. plain view b. public safety c. exigent circumstances d. stop and frisk e. Miranda

b

The phrase "no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized" may be found in which Amendment? a. First b. Fourth c. Fifth d. Sixth e. Eighth

b

Which of the following is not a condition for the issuance of a warrant? a. the existence of probable cause b. the suspect must be informed of his/her rights c. evidence must be presented to the judicial officer and be supported by "oath or affirmation," d. the warrant must describe the specific place to be searched e. the warrant must describe the person or items to be seized

b

In United States v. Jones (2012) the Supreme Court decided: a. to make it a requirement for the police to seek search warrants, if possible, before taking involuntary blood tests from suspected drunk drivers. b. police do not need a warrant to search a car. c. that placing a GPS tracking device on a drug suspect's car without a warrant is a search that falls under the rules of the Fourth Amendment. d. that arrest, even on minor offenses, makes people subject to intrusive strip searches and body cavity inspections when they are placed in jail. e. that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be brought to the front door of a home to seek evidence that will be used to get a search warrant.

c

In ________, the Supreme Court endorsed warrantless searches for weapons and evidence in the immediate vicinity of people who are lawfully arrested. a. Mapp v. Ohio b. Terry v. Ohio c. Chimel v. Ohio d. Chimel v. California e. Roper v. Simmons

c

In what circumstance is the totality of circumstances used? a. To determine whether an offender is guilty b. To determine whether to indict a suspect c. To determine whether probable cause exists d. To determine whether police acted appropriately e. To determine whether to Mirandize a suspect

c

In which case did the Supreme Court endorse a police officer's authority to stop-and-frisk suspects on the streets when there is reasonable suspicion that they are armed and involved in criminal activity. a. Florida v. Jardines (2013) b. Bailey v. United States (2013) c. Terry v. Ohio (1968) d. Maryland v. King (2013) e. Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders (2012)

c

Jimmy was walking down the street late at night. A squad car pulled alongside him and ordered him to stop. The two officers then got out of the car and proceeded to frisk Jimmy. If the police had a description and name of a robbery suspect that fit Jimmy's description, then the search would have been a: a. stop-and-frisk search. b. special needs search. c. search incident to a lawful arrest. d. consent search. e. exigent circumstance search.

c

Permissible warrantless search of a vehicle that has been impounded so that police can make a record of the items contained in the vehicle is known as a(n): a. plain view search. b. probable cause search. c. inventory search. d. seizure. e. search incident to arrest.

c

Someone who places a personal diary in a locked drawer within a bedroom of her home has demonstrated: a. conditional acceptance. b. adverse conditions. c. a reasonable expectation of privacy. d. strict scrutiny. e. permissible behavior.

c

The Supreme Court decision that endorsed warrantless searches for weapons and evidence in the immediate vicinity of people who are lawfully arrested was: a. Florida v. Jardines (2013). b. Bailey v. United States (2013). c. Chimel v. California (1969). d. Maryland v. King (2013). e. Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders (2012).

c

The majority of searches take place without: a. a search. b. a seizure. c. a warrant. d. an arrest. e. permission.

c

To obtain an arrest warrant, police must demonstrate: a. reasonable expectation. b. reasonable suspicion. c. probable cause. d. the exclusionary rule. e. preponderance of the evidence.

c

When sufficient evidence is available to support the reasonable conclusion that a person has committed a crime, then a police officer may claim to have: a. reasonable suspicion. b. exigent circumstances. c. probable cause. d. justifiable intent. e. permission to act.

c

Which U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent their escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of serious injury? a. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) b. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) c. Tennessee v. Garner (1985) d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) e. Roper v. Simmons (2005)

c

Which of the following situations best describes the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule? a. An officer knowingly seizes evidence improperly, but asks forgiveness of the court later. b. An officer lies to a citizen about having a search warrant, and seizes evidence based on that. c. An officer believes he is acting correctly under the rules of evidence, but is actually incorrect. d. An officer believes the suspect is truly guilty, and seizes evidence without a warrant. e. An officer forgets to Mirandize a suspect.

c

Which of the following types of searches is related to the search of an automobile? a. Consent search. b. Sobriety checkpoint. c. Inventory search. d. Plain view search. e. Search incident to an arrest

c

Which would not permit a warrantless search? a. Driving across the Canadian-U.S. border. b. Sailing through a border seaport. c. Suspicion of drugs in a known addict's apartment. d. An international airport. e. Driving across the Mexican-U.S. border.

c

_______ ruled that random stops by officers on patrol are not constitutional. a. Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz b. Illinois v. Lidster c. Delaware v. Prouse d. City of Indianapolis v. Edmond e. Mapp v. Ohio

c

_________ created the inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule. a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) c. Nix v. Williams (1984) d. Weeks v. U.S. (1914) e. Roper v. Simmons (2005)

c

Excessive use of force violates the _________ Amendment? a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth e. Fifth

d

In the case of U.S. v. Drayton (2002), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that police officers: a. must notify citizens they have the right to say "no" to a search. b. must notify a citizen of his/her right against self-incrimination. c. must notify a citizen of his/her right to an attorney. d. are not obligated to notify citizens they have a right to say "no" to a search. e. are not obligated to read citizens their rights prior to arrest.

d

In which U.S. Supreme Court case was it established that criminal defendants must be read their rights? a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Terry v. Ohio (1968) c. Chimel v. California (1969) d. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) e. Maryland v. Wilson (1997)

d

Which court case determined that when officers act in good faith on a warrant, the evidence will not be excluded even if the warrant was issued improperly? a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) c. Nix v. Williams (1984) d. United States v. Leon (1984) e. Roper v. Simmons (2005)

d

Which of the following is not a way to legally conduct a search without a warrant? a. Special needs search b. Stop-and-frisk search c. Automobile search d. Supervisor enforced search e. Witness statement search

d

Illinois v. Gates (1983) is the U.S.Supreme Court decision that established that: a. police officers must provide reliable information when obtaining a search warrant. b. police officers must identify the "things" to be searched. c. police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches under certain circumstances. d. police officers cannot admit evidence into court if they gather evidence using an illegal search warrant. e. the flexible totality of circumstances test for determining the existence of the probable cause needed for obtaining a search warrant.

e

In which case did the exclusionary rule originate? a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993) d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) e. Weeks v. U.S. (1914)

e

Which of the following is not a required component of the Miranda warnings? a. Notification that suspects have the right to an attorney during interrogation. b. Notification that suspects have the right to remain silent. c. Notification that any statement suspects make can be used against them in court. d. Notification that the state will pay for an attorney if suspects cannot afford one. e. Notification that suspects have the right to a speedy trial.

e

Which of the following statements about search warrants is false? a. Police officers must provide reliable information when obtaining a search warrant. b. Police officers must identify the "things" to be searched. c. Police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches under certain circumstances. d. Police officers cannot admit evidence into court if they gather evidence using an illegal search warrant. e. Police officers need a search warrant even if a person waives his or her Fourth Amendment rights.

e