Ch. 7 Trust, Justice, and Ethics

Which statement is true about unethical behavior?

It can be initiated by both the individual and the institution.

Which factor is predicted by an employee's level of trust in authorities?

ability to focus

Which of the following are dimensions by which we gauge an authority's track record?

ability, integrity, benevolence

the three factors that influence trust levels are disposition-based trust, cognition-based trust, and __________-based trust

affect

In the process of hiring a specialist, at what point should ability be considered?

at the beginning of the process

According to Kohlberg, when does moral development begin?

at the preconventional stage

the first step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is moral _________

awareness

When people make a rational assessment based on perceptions of another party's reliability, they engage in...

cognition-based trust

Which branch of business ethics involves the scientific study of how people tend to act when presented with a moral problem or dilemma?

descriptive

When people believe that they are treated with dignity and respect by parties involved in a decision-making process, they perceive ________ justice.

interpersonal

Which of the following are factors by which employees judge whether an authority's decision making is fair?

interpersonal justice, distributive justice, and procedural justice

According to Kohlberg's theory of cognitive moral development, which is true of moral development at the conventional stage?

it involves an emphasis on laws, rules, and orders that govern society

What term describes the degree to which people pay attention to moral issues?

moral attentiveness

What factor is demonstrated when authorities recognize that a moral issue exists?

moral awareness

List the elements of the four-component model of ethical decision making in order

moral awareness, moral judgement, moral intent, and ethical behavior

What term is used to describe the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency?

moral intensity

What ability do authorities employ when determining whether a course of action is ethical or unethical?

moral judgement

Which branch of business ethics is focused on how people ought to act?

prescriptive

the perceived fairness of the processes used in reaching decisions is known as ___________ justice

procedural

In order to determine whether distributive justice exists, employees consider which of the following?

promotions, pay, assignments

In a recent poll, 51% of consumers believed that Google is an appealing place to work and treats its employees well. Such a perception is part of Google's

reputation

What term is used to describe the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about an organization or its brand?

reputation

Interpersonal justice is fostered when those in authority adhere to the rules of

respect and propriety

According to researchers, people pay more attention to stimuli that are ______, ________, and _______.

significant, vivid, and recognizable

Corporate ____ responsibility is an approach to business that recognizes that companies have responsibilities that extend to being a good corporate citizen in the community

social

What term describes a company's acknowledgment that it is accountable for its actions?

social responsibility

concentration of effect

the extent to which consequences are focused

temporal immediacy

the interval between when the act occurs and its consequences

magnitude of consequences

the level of impact of the outcome

probability of effect

the likelihood that the act will occur or cause harm

True or false: Justice provides the behavioral evidence that employees need to determine trustworthiness.

true

For which of the following reasons can whistle-blowing be considered an especially ethical action for a person to take?

-the action exposes an illegal or immoral activity in an organization -the action leaves the person vulnerable to potential retaliation

What occurs before an authority makes a moral judgment?

determining a moral situation exists

Which dimension of justice is most accurately described by the saying, "A fair day's pay, for a fair day's work."

distributive justice

Which of the following are considered elements of ability?

expertise, competencies, and skills

Authorities are able to improve procedural justice when they abide by rules of

fair process

Which result is most likely when employees have higher levels of trust in authorities?

higher levels of task performance

Solange grew up in a large city and developed a fear of strangers. She sometimes worries about her friend, Paul, who always seems ready to go out of his way for people he doesn't know. It would appear that Solange has lower ________ than Paul.

trust propensity

What term is used to describe a person's general belief that others can be relied upon?

trust propensity

What term is used to describe the characteristics or attributes of a person that inspire our trust?

trustworthiness

What term describes the process through which former or current employees expose illegal or immoral actions by their organization?

whistle-blowing