ch. 8

_____ reveals whether a product meets quality standards in an organization. Inspection Quality control Sampling Routing

Inspection

Modular

Making an item in self-contained units that can be combined or interchanged to create different products

Standardization

Making identical, interchangeable components or products

Customization

Making products to meet a particular customer's needs or wants

Services are characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply) Perishability Customization Viability Inseparability Intangibility Quantifiable

Perishability Customization Inseparability Intangibility

Services are characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply) Perishability Intangibility Customization Quantifiable Viability Inseparability

Perishability Intangibility Customization Inseparability

_____ for businesses was once primarily used as a cost-cutting tactic. It is now used, as well, to develop a competitive advantage for a company. Sampling Routing Scheduling Outsourcing

Outsourcing

Using computers in place of paper to design components, products, and processes is referred to as ______. computer-assisted manufacturing flexible manufacturing computer-assisted design computer manufacturing

computer-assisted design

In order to be a quality organization, a firm must _____. view quality as one step in production consistently produce what the customer wants confine quality measures to manufacturing only use the most expensive materials in production

consistently produce what the customer wants

Companies with a product layout and use assembly lines are usually known as _____ manufacturing organizations. continuous intermittent CAD project

continuous

Standardization, modular design, and ______________ are the three types of manufacturing processes used by organizations.

customization

The _________ ___________ quantity (EOQ) model identifies the optimum number of items to order to minimize costs of managing, ordering, storing, and using those items.

economic order

True or false: Quality of life is never a reason for a facility location decision.

f

Doctors, makers of custom jewelry, and commercial printers are all _____________ organizations; they create products to customers' specifications and produce relatively few units of each product.

intermittent

True or false: Transformation processes occur in all organizations, regardless of what the organization produces.

t

The acronym for using computers to guide and control the manufacturing process is referred to as ______. CAM CIM JIT CAD

CAM

Continuous manufacturing organization

Often use assembly lines

All raw materials, components, completed or partially completed products, and pieces of equipment a firm uses is the definition of ______. transformation logistics distribution inventory

inventory

A manufacturing business must take resources and transform them into goods and services. The development and administration of the activities involved in this process is referred to as ______. inventory management operations management marketing management financial management

operations management

The goods, services, and ideas that result from the conversion of inputs are called _________

outputs

When inspection tests are destructive and/or pointless to use, _____ is likely to be used in an organization. routing picking benchmarking sampling

sampling

Which of the following describes a manufacturer? A high-tech firm that uses only robotics A firm that creates a wide array of services for consumers A firm that makes intangible products A firm that makes tangible products

A firm that makes tangible products

When does routing take place for operations managers? As the final stage of the manufacturing process Prior to all material procurement After materials have been purchased and their use determined Prior to even considering which parts to purchase and where

After materials have been purchased and their use determined

Fixed-position layout

Central location for production

An assembly line is referred to as a ______________ _____________organization.

Continuous manufacturing

Which two tasks are most important for a company prior to making any product? Plan inventory control methods Plan the facility layout Design the product to satisfy wants Determine what consumers want Determine where the factory will be located

Design the product to satisfy wants Determine what consumers want

_____ is an inventory approach that identifies the optimum number of items to be ordered to minimize the costs of managing them. EOQ JIT CAD MRP

EOQ

_____ is an inventory approach that identifies the optimum number of items to be ordered to minimize the costs of managing them. MRP CAD EOQ JIT

EOQ

Which of the following is least likely a sustainability-related issue for businesses? Urban sprawl Pollution Employee benefits Protection of biodiversity

Employee benefits

Which term refers to a company deciding where to establish its operations? Materials requirement planning Facility location Facilities layout Capacity

Facility location

True or false: It is typical for an organization to only inspect work-in-process and finished items that the company produced. It is not typical to inspect purchased items.

False

What service characteristic is best exemplified by the fact that a stylist gives a different haircut to each customer? High perishability High customization Low inseparability Low customer contact

High customization

Select from the following the resulting outputs in the transformation process. Time Ideas Services Goods Labor Capital

Ideas Services Goods

Which of the following is true about control over variability of resources between manufacturers and service organizations? -Control over variability of resources does not differ between manufacturers and service providers. -Manufacturers typically have more control over variability of resources than does a service provider. -Manufacturers typically have less control over variability of resources than does a service provider. -It is a myth that either manufacturers or service providers have control over variability—the majority do not.

Manufacturers typically have more control over variability of resources than does a service provider.

Process layout

Organized into departments that group related processes

Which facility layout is characterized by workers remaining in one location as the product moves from one worker to another with each person in turn performing his or her required tasks or activities? Product layout CAD Intermittent organizations CAM

Product layout

Which term describes the act of buying of all materials needed by the organization? Finance Logistics Purchasing MRP

Purchasing

____ reflects the degree to which a good or service meets the demands and requirements of customers. Productivity Consumption Outsourcing Quality

Quality

_____ refers to the processes an organization uses to maintain its own established quality standards within the organization. Scheduling Quality management Quality control Material resources planning

Quality control

_____ is the sequencing of operations through which a product must pass. Procuring Transforming Routing Scheduling

Routing

_____ is the sequencing of operations through which a product must pass. Scheduling Procuring Transforming Routing

Routing

_____ is appropriate for an organization when it is infeasible to inspect every part manufactured by a company. TQM Sampling Benchmarking Routing

Sampling

Which of the following statements regarding the transformation process is TRUE? -The transformation process occurs in all organizations regardless of what they produce or their objectives. -The transformation process occurs in organizations that provide goods or services, but does not take place in nonprofit organizations. -The transformation process occurs only in business that actually produce a good; it does not take place in service or nonprofit organizations.

The transformation process occurs in all organizations regardless of what they produce or their objectives.

Because it is typically involved in large, complex projects, a fixed-position layout is also called ______. an intermittent organization a project organization a master facility plan a central plan

a project organization

To obtain ISO 9000 certification, an independent _____ must verify that a business's factory, laboratory, or office meets quality standards. economist scientist panel auditor

auditor

Julie just invested in a new, high-quality elevator for her apartment construction project. She chose an elevator that could carry a maximum load of 1,400 pounds per trip. This measurement refers to the elevator's ______. design forecast process capacity

capacity

The maximum load that an organization unit can carry or operate is its ____________

capacity

Sustainability issues include ______. (select all that apply) climate change employee benefits competitor concerns urban sprawl pollution of land and air

climate change urban sprawl pollution of land and air

When a final product is not moveable or transportable such as an office building or bridge, a(n) ________ _________ layout must be used.

fixed postion

A layout that brings all resources required to create the product to a central location is known as ______. process layout intermittent organization product layout fixed-position layout

fixed-position layout

Firms that use a process layout are sometimes referred to as _____ organizations, which deal with products of a lesser magnitude than do project organizations, and their products are not necessarily unique but possess a significant number of differences. project flexible product layout service intermittent

intermittent

Fabulous Fixtures manufactures custom lighting for its clients. Along with finished pieces, the company's warehouse houses tools, electrical components, glass and metal housings, and a wide array of decorative materials. All of these items are part of Fabulous Fixtures' ______. capacity supply chain outputs inventory

inventory

The process of determining how many supplies and goods are needed and keeping track of quantities on hand, where each item is, and who is responsible for it is referred to as ___________ control.

inventory

Joleen works in a warehouse. Among her duties, she must keep track of how many supplies and goods are on hand in the warehouse as well as a listing of where each item is located and who is responsible for each item. Joleen is responsible for ______. facility management facility control capacity management inventory control

inventory control

The term "_____" implies a firm that makes tangible products. service provider social media technology manufacturer

manufacturer

Typically, ______ have more control over the amount of variability of resources they use. service providers manufacturers

manufacturers

Most companies use _____ to determine which goods and services to provide and the features they need to possess. marketing research technology accounting departments competitors

marketing research

Most companies use _____ to determine which goods and services to provide and the features they need to possess. technology competitors accounting departments marketing research

marketing research

Although planning was once the sole realm of the _____ department, today's successful companies involve all departments within an organization, particularly marketing and research and development, in these decisions. technology accounting operations human resources

operations

A specialized area of management that oversees the process of transforming resources into goods and services is called ______. operations management marketing management financial management inventory management

operations management

Deciding what product a firm will produce, what group of customers it will produce it for, how the product will be made, and what facilities are necessary to produce the product are all decisions that fall under the realm of ______. technology operations planning accounting human resources

operations planning

Many companies elect to _____ some aspect of their operations to companies that can provide these products more efficiently, at a lower cost, and with greater customer satisfaction. share insource outsource route

outsource

A metal fabrication plant may have a cutting department, a drilling department, and a polishing department. A company organized in this way is utilizing a __________ layout.

process

Arranging the physical layout of a facility is a complex, highly technical task. Which of the following are the three basic layouts? process product intermittent fixed-position project

process product fixed-position

A layout that organizes the transformation process into departments that group related processes is known as a ______. continuous manufacturing organization product layout process layout fixed-position layout

process layout

The layout that requires production to be broken down into relatively simple tasks assigned to workers, who are usually positioned along an assembly line is a ______ layout intermittent fixed-position product process

product

ISO 9000 is designed, in part, to ______. function as part of the government to facilitate exchanges provide a framework for documenting how a business tests products and fixes defects establish quality standards that differ from region to region reduce the international exchange of goods and services

provide a framework for documenting how a business tests products and fixes defects

Trying to obtain quality items in the right quantities at the lowest possible cost is the aim of ______. supply management logistics purchasing finance

purchasing

Trying to obtain quality items in the right quantities at the lowest possible cost is the aim of ______. supply management purchasing logistics finance

purchasing

A critical part of operations management is __________ control--the process an organization uses to maintain established standards of quality.

quality

Each customer calling Fidelity Investments is likely to require different services due to differing needs, whereas many of the tasks required to manufacture a Ford Focus are the same across each unit of output. Consequently, the products of _____ tend to create more "customized" products or services for clients or customers. manufacturers service organizations nonprofit organizations

service organizations

The uniformity of output (or the final product) is more difficult for ______. service providers manufacturers

service providers

The _____________ _____________ integrates firms such as raw material suppliers, manufacturers, retailers to serve customers and generate a competitive advantage.

supply chain

A major function of operations is _____, which refers to connecting and integrating all parties or members of the distribution system in order to satisfy customers. just-in-time management supply chain management finished-goods inventory marketing management

supply chain management

The _____ is typically more challenging for service organizations since the human element is inherent and each service tends to be performed differently. gathering of inputs uniformity of inputs uniformity of outputs consumption of output

uniformity of outputs

Computer-assisted manufacturing ______. uses computer systems to guide and control the transformation process not only designs products but controls the transformation process uses computers to design products rather than do it on paper

uses computer systems to guide and control the transformation process