ch. 8
_____ reveals whether a product meets quality standards in an organization. Inspection Quality control Sampling Routing
Inspection
Modular
Making an item in self-contained units that can be combined or interchanged to create different products
Standardization
Making identical, interchangeable components or products
Customization
Making products to meet a particular customer's needs or wants
Services are characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply) Perishability Customization Viability Inseparability Intangibility Quantifiable
Perishability Customization Inseparability Intangibility
Services are characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply) Perishability Intangibility Customization Quantifiable Viability Inseparability
Perishability Intangibility Customization Inseparability
_____ for businesses was once primarily used as a cost-cutting tactic. It is now used, as well, to develop a competitive advantage for a company. Sampling Routing Scheduling Outsourcing
Outsourcing
Using computers in place of paper to design components, products, and processes is referred to as ______. computer-assisted manufacturing flexible manufacturing computer-assisted design computer manufacturing
computer-assisted design
In order to be a quality organization, a firm must _____. view quality as one step in production consistently produce what the customer wants confine quality measures to manufacturing only use the most expensive materials in production
consistently produce what the customer wants
Companies with a product layout and use assembly lines are usually known as _____ manufacturing organizations. continuous intermittent CAD project
continuous
Standardization, modular design, and ______________ are the three types of manufacturing processes used by organizations.
customization
The _________ ___________ quantity (EOQ) model identifies the optimum number of items to order to minimize costs of managing, ordering, storing, and using those items.
economic order
True or false: Quality of life is never a reason for a facility location decision.
f
Doctors, makers of custom jewelry, and commercial printers are all _____________ organizations; they create products to customers' specifications and produce relatively few units of each product.
intermittent
True or false: Transformation processes occur in all organizations, regardless of what the organization produces.
t
The acronym for using computers to guide and control the manufacturing process is referred to as ______. CAM CIM JIT CAD
CAM
Continuous manufacturing organization
Often use assembly lines
All raw materials, components, completed or partially completed products, and pieces of equipment a firm uses is the definition of ______. transformation logistics distribution inventory
inventory
A manufacturing business must take resources and transform them into goods and services. The development and administration of the activities involved in this process is referred to as ______. inventory management operations management marketing management financial management
operations management
The goods, services, and ideas that result from the conversion of inputs are called _________
outputs
When inspection tests are destructive and/or pointless to use, _____ is likely to be used in an organization. routing picking benchmarking sampling
sampling
Which of the following describes a manufacturer? A high-tech firm that uses only robotics A firm that creates a wide array of services for consumers A firm that makes intangible products A firm that makes tangible products
A firm that makes tangible products
When does routing take place for operations managers? As the final stage of the manufacturing process Prior to all material procurement After materials have been purchased and their use determined Prior to even considering which parts to purchase and where
After materials have been purchased and their use determined
Fixed-position layout
Central location for production
An assembly line is referred to as a ______________ _____________organization.
Continuous manufacturing
Which two tasks are most important for a company prior to making any product? Plan inventory control methods Plan the facility layout Design the product to satisfy wants Determine what consumers want Determine where the factory will be located
Design the product to satisfy wants Determine what consumers want
_____ is an inventory approach that identifies the optimum number of items to be ordered to minimize the costs of managing them. EOQ JIT CAD MRP
EOQ
_____ is an inventory approach that identifies the optimum number of items to be ordered to minimize the costs of managing them. MRP CAD EOQ JIT
EOQ
Which of the following is least likely a sustainability-related issue for businesses? Urban sprawl Pollution Employee benefits Protection of biodiversity
Employee benefits
Which term refers to a company deciding where to establish its operations? Materials requirement planning Facility location Facilities layout Capacity
Facility location
True or false: It is typical for an organization to only inspect work-in-process and finished items that the company produced. It is not typical to inspect purchased items.
False
What service characteristic is best exemplified by the fact that a stylist gives a different haircut to each customer? High perishability High customization Low inseparability Low customer contact
High customization
Select from the following the resulting outputs in the transformation process. Time Ideas Services Goods Labor Capital
Ideas Services Goods
Which of the following is true about control over variability of resources between manufacturers and service organizations? -Control over variability of resources does not differ between manufacturers and service providers. -Manufacturers typically have more control over variability of resources than does a service provider. -Manufacturers typically have less control over variability of resources than does a service provider. -It is a myth that either manufacturers or service providers have control over variability—the majority do not.
Manufacturers typically have more control over variability of resources than does a service provider.
Process layout
Organized into departments that group related processes
Which facility layout is characterized by workers remaining in one location as the product moves from one worker to another with each person in turn performing his or her required tasks or activities? Product layout CAD Intermittent organizations CAM
Product layout
Which term describes the act of buying of all materials needed by the organization? Finance Logistics Purchasing MRP
Purchasing
____ reflects the degree to which a good or service meets the demands and requirements of customers. Productivity Consumption Outsourcing Quality
Quality
_____ refers to the processes an organization uses to maintain its own established quality standards within the organization. Scheduling Quality management Quality control Material resources planning
Quality control
_____ is the sequencing of operations through which a product must pass. Procuring Transforming Routing Scheduling
Routing
_____ is the sequencing of operations through which a product must pass. Scheduling Procuring Transforming Routing
Routing
_____ is appropriate for an organization when it is infeasible to inspect every part manufactured by a company. TQM Sampling Benchmarking Routing
Sampling
Which of the following statements regarding the transformation process is TRUE? -The transformation process occurs in all organizations regardless of what they produce or their objectives. -The transformation process occurs in organizations that provide goods or services, but does not take place in nonprofit organizations. -The transformation process occurs only in business that actually produce a good; it does not take place in service or nonprofit organizations.
The transformation process occurs in all organizations regardless of what they produce or their objectives.
Because it is typically involved in large, complex projects, a fixed-position layout is also called ______. an intermittent organization a project organization a master facility plan a central plan
a project organization
To obtain ISO 9000 certification, an independent _____ must verify that a business's factory, laboratory, or office meets quality standards. economist scientist panel auditor
auditor
Julie just invested in a new, high-quality elevator for her apartment construction project. She chose an elevator that could carry a maximum load of 1,400 pounds per trip. This measurement refers to the elevator's ______. design forecast process capacity
capacity
The maximum load that an organization unit can carry or operate is its ____________
capacity
Sustainability issues include ______. (select all that apply) climate change employee benefits competitor concerns urban sprawl pollution of land and air
climate change urban sprawl pollution of land and air
When a final product is not moveable or transportable such as an office building or bridge, a(n) ________ _________ layout must be used.
fixed postion
A layout that brings all resources required to create the product to a central location is known as ______. process layout intermittent organization product layout fixed-position layout
fixed-position layout
Firms that use a process layout are sometimes referred to as _____ organizations, which deal with products of a lesser magnitude than do project organizations, and their products are not necessarily unique but possess a significant number of differences. project flexible product layout service intermittent
intermittent
Fabulous Fixtures manufactures custom lighting for its clients. Along with finished pieces, the company's warehouse houses tools, electrical components, glass and metal housings, and a wide array of decorative materials. All of these items are part of Fabulous Fixtures' ______. capacity supply chain outputs inventory
inventory
The process of determining how many supplies and goods are needed and keeping track of quantities on hand, where each item is, and who is responsible for it is referred to as ___________ control.
inventory
Joleen works in a warehouse. Among her duties, she must keep track of how many supplies and goods are on hand in the warehouse as well as a listing of where each item is located and who is responsible for each item. Joleen is responsible for ______. facility management facility control capacity management inventory control
inventory control
The term "_____" implies a firm that makes tangible products. service provider social media technology manufacturer
manufacturer
Typically, ______ have more control over the amount of variability of resources they use. service providers manufacturers
manufacturers
Most companies use _____ to determine which goods and services to provide and the features they need to possess. marketing research technology accounting departments competitors
marketing research
Most companies use _____ to determine which goods and services to provide and the features they need to possess. technology competitors accounting departments marketing research
marketing research
Although planning was once the sole realm of the _____ department, today's successful companies involve all departments within an organization, particularly marketing and research and development, in these decisions. technology accounting operations human resources
operations
A specialized area of management that oversees the process of transforming resources into goods and services is called ______. operations management marketing management financial management inventory management
operations management
Deciding what product a firm will produce, what group of customers it will produce it for, how the product will be made, and what facilities are necessary to produce the product are all decisions that fall under the realm of ______. technology operations planning accounting human resources
operations planning
Many companies elect to _____ some aspect of their operations to companies that can provide these products more efficiently, at a lower cost, and with greater customer satisfaction. share insource outsource route
outsource
A metal fabrication plant may have a cutting department, a drilling department, and a polishing department. A company organized in this way is utilizing a __________ layout.
process
Arranging the physical layout of a facility is a complex, highly technical task. Which of the following are the three basic layouts? process product intermittent fixed-position project
process product fixed-position
A layout that organizes the transformation process into departments that group related processes is known as a ______. continuous manufacturing organization product layout process layout fixed-position layout
process layout
The layout that requires production to be broken down into relatively simple tasks assigned to workers, who are usually positioned along an assembly line is a ______ layout intermittent fixed-position product process
product
ISO 9000 is designed, in part, to ______. function as part of the government to facilitate exchanges provide a framework for documenting how a business tests products and fixes defects establish quality standards that differ from region to region reduce the international exchange of goods and services
provide a framework for documenting how a business tests products and fixes defects
Trying to obtain quality items in the right quantities at the lowest possible cost is the aim of ______. supply management logistics purchasing finance
purchasing
Trying to obtain quality items in the right quantities at the lowest possible cost is the aim of ______. supply management purchasing logistics finance
purchasing
A critical part of operations management is __________ control--the process an organization uses to maintain established standards of quality.
quality
Each customer calling Fidelity Investments is likely to require different services due to differing needs, whereas many of the tasks required to manufacture a Ford Focus are the same across each unit of output. Consequently, the products of _____ tend to create more "customized" products or services for clients or customers. manufacturers service organizations nonprofit organizations
service organizations
The uniformity of output (or the final product) is more difficult for ______. service providers manufacturers
service providers
The _____________ _____________ integrates firms such as raw material suppliers, manufacturers, retailers to serve customers and generate a competitive advantage.
supply chain
A major function of operations is _____, which refers to connecting and integrating all parties or members of the distribution system in order to satisfy customers. just-in-time management supply chain management finished-goods inventory marketing management
supply chain management
The _____ is typically more challenging for service organizations since the human element is inherent and each service tends to be performed differently. gathering of inputs uniformity of inputs uniformity of outputs consumption of output
uniformity of outputs
Computer-assisted manufacturing ______. uses computer systems to guide and control the transformation process not only designs products but controls the transformation process uses computers to design products rather than do it on paper
uses computer systems to guide and control the transformation process